ENLIST 1: An International Multi-centre Cross-sectional Study of the Clinical Features of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum.
Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a severe multisystem immune mediated complication of borderline lepromatous leprosy and lepromatous leprosy. ENL is associated with skin lesions, neuritis, arthritis, dactylitis, eye inflammation, osteitis, orchitis, lymphadenitis and nephritis. The treatment of EN...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:463de70599b646e983f07e30a483e940 2023-05-15T15:10:54+02:00 ENLIST 1: An International Multi-centre Cross-sectional Study of the Clinical Features of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum. Stephen L Walker Marivic Balagon Joydeepa Darlong Shimelis N Doni Deanna A Hagge Vikas Halwai Annamma John Saba M Lambert Armi Maghanoy Jose A C Nery Kapil D Neupane Peter G Nicholls Vivek V Pai Pawan Parajuli Anna M Sales Euzenir Sarno Mahesh Shah Digafe Tsegaye Diana N J Lockwood Erythema Nodosum Leprosum International STudy Group 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004065 https://doaj.org/article/463de70599b646e983f07e30a483e940 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4564249?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004065 https://doaj.org/article/463de70599b646e983f07e30a483e940 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 9, p e0004065 (2015) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004065 2022-12-31T05:55:44Z Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a severe multisystem immune mediated complication of borderline lepromatous leprosy and lepromatous leprosy. ENL is associated with skin lesions, neuritis, arthritis, dactylitis, eye inflammation, osteitis, orchitis, lymphadenitis and nephritis. The treatment of ENL requires immunosuppression, which is often required for prolonged periods of time and may lead to serious adverse effects. ENL and its treatment is associated with increased mortality and economic hardship. Improved, evidence-based treatments for ENL are needed; however, defining the severity of ENL and outcome measures for treatment studies is difficult because of the multiple organ systems involved. A cross-sectional study was performed, by the members of the Erythema Nodosum Leprosum International STudy (ENLIST) Group, of patients with ENL attending seven leprosy referral centres in Brazil, Ethiopia, India, Nepal, the Philippines and the United Kingdom. We systematically documented the clinical features and type of ENL, its severity and the drugs used to treat it. Patients with chronic ENL were more likely to be assessed as having severe ENL. Pain, the most frequent symptom, assessed using a semi-quantitative scale was significantly worse in individuals with "severe" ENL. Our findings will determine the items to be included in a severity scale of ENL which we are developing and validating. The study also provides data on the clinical features of ENL, which can be incorporated into a definition of ENL and used for outcome measures in treatment studies. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9 9 e0004065 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Stephen L Walker Marivic Balagon Joydeepa Darlong Shimelis N Doni Deanna A Hagge Vikas Halwai Annamma John Saba M Lambert Armi Maghanoy Jose A C Nery Kapil D Neupane Peter G Nicholls Vivek V Pai Pawan Parajuli Anna M Sales Euzenir Sarno Mahesh Shah Digafe Tsegaye Diana N J Lockwood Erythema Nodosum Leprosum International STudy Group ENLIST 1: An International Multi-centre Cross-sectional Study of the Clinical Features of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a severe multisystem immune mediated complication of borderline lepromatous leprosy and lepromatous leprosy. ENL is associated with skin lesions, neuritis, arthritis, dactylitis, eye inflammation, osteitis, orchitis, lymphadenitis and nephritis. The treatment of ENL requires immunosuppression, which is often required for prolonged periods of time and may lead to serious adverse effects. ENL and its treatment is associated with increased mortality and economic hardship. Improved, evidence-based treatments for ENL are needed; however, defining the severity of ENL and outcome measures for treatment studies is difficult because of the multiple organ systems involved. A cross-sectional study was performed, by the members of the Erythema Nodosum Leprosum International STudy (ENLIST) Group, of patients with ENL attending seven leprosy referral centres in Brazil, Ethiopia, India, Nepal, the Philippines and the United Kingdom. We systematically documented the clinical features and type of ENL, its severity and the drugs used to treat it. Patients with chronic ENL were more likely to be assessed as having severe ENL. Pain, the most frequent symptom, assessed using a semi-quantitative scale was significantly worse in individuals with "severe" ENL. Our findings will determine the items to be included in a severity scale of ENL which we are developing and validating. The study also provides data on the clinical features of ENL, which can be incorporated into a definition of ENL and used for outcome measures in treatment studies. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stephen L Walker Marivic Balagon Joydeepa Darlong Shimelis N Doni Deanna A Hagge Vikas Halwai Annamma John Saba M Lambert Armi Maghanoy Jose A C Nery Kapil D Neupane Peter G Nicholls Vivek V Pai Pawan Parajuli Anna M Sales Euzenir Sarno Mahesh Shah Digafe Tsegaye Diana N J Lockwood Erythema Nodosum Leprosum International STudy Group |
author_facet |
Stephen L Walker Marivic Balagon Joydeepa Darlong Shimelis N Doni Deanna A Hagge Vikas Halwai Annamma John Saba M Lambert Armi Maghanoy Jose A C Nery Kapil D Neupane Peter G Nicholls Vivek V Pai Pawan Parajuli Anna M Sales Euzenir Sarno Mahesh Shah Digafe Tsegaye Diana N J Lockwood Erythema Nodosum Leprosum International STudy Group |
author_sort |
Stephen L Walker |
title |
ENLIST 1: An International Multi-centre Cross-sectional Study of the Clinical Features of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum. |
title_short |
ENLIST 1: An International Multi-centre Cross-sectional Study of the Clinical Features of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum. |
title_full |
ENLIST 1: An International Multi-centre Cross-sectional Study of the Clinical Features of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum. |
title_fullStr |
ENLIST 1: An International Multi-centre Cross-sectional Study of the Clinical Features of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum. |
title_full_unstemmed |
ENLIST 1: An International Multi-centre Cross-sectional Study of the Clinical Features of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum. |
title_sort |
enlist 1: an international multi-centre cross-sectional study of the clinical features of erythema nodosum leprosum. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004065 https://doaj.org/article/463de70599b646e983f07e30a483e940 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 9, p e0004065 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4564249?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004065 https://doaj.org/article/463de70599b646e983f07e30a483e940 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004065 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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9 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
e0004065 |
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1766341836443484160 |