Manifestation of malaria in Mangaluru, southern India
Abstract Background Severe and fatal vivax malaria is increasingly reported from India. In Mangaluru, southern India, malaria is focused in urban areas and associated with importation by migrant workers. In Wenlock Hospital, the largest governmental hospital, the clinical, parasitological and bioche...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:44b38eac8bda47f1b5e37636d98ea751 2023-05-15T15:13:03+02:00 Manifestation of malaria in Mangaluru, southern India Prabhanjan P. Gai Frank P. Mockenhaupt Konrad Siegert Jakob Wedam Archith Boloor Suyamindra S. Kulkarni Rashmi Rasalkar Arun Kumar Animesh Jain Chakrapani Mahabala Pramod Gai Shantaram Baliga Rajeshwari Devi Damodara Shenoy 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2462-7 https://doaj.org/article/44b38eac8bda47f1b5e37636d98ea751 EN eng BMC http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-018-2462-7 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-018-2462-7 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/44b38eac8bda47f1b5e37636d98ea751 Malaria Journal, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2018) Malaria India Mangaluru Plasmodium vivax Plasmodium falciparum Admission Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2462-7 2022-12-31T13:47:04Z Abstract Background Severe and fatal vivax malaria is increasingly reported from India. In Mangaluru, southern India, malaria is focused in urban areas and associated with importation by migrant workers. In Wenlock Hospital, the largest governmental hospital, the clinical, parasitological and biochemical characteristics of malaria patients were assessed. Methods During the peak malaria season in 2015 (June to December), outpatients were interviewed and clinically assessed. Malaria was ascertained by microscopy and PCR assays, concentrations of haemoglobin, creatinine and bilirubin, as well as thrombocyte count, were determined, and severe malaria was defined according to WHO criteria. Results Among 909 malaria patients, the vast majority was male (93%), adult (median, 26 years) and of low socio-economic status. Roughly half of them were migrants from beyond the local Karnataka state, mostly from northern and northeastern states. Vivax malaria (69.6%) predominated over mixed Plasmodium vivax–Plasmodium falciparum infection (21.3%) and falciparum malaria (9.0%). The geometric mean parasite density was 3412/µL. As compared to vivax malaria, patients with falciparum malaria had higher parasite density and more frequently showed impaired general condition, affected consciousness and splenomegaly. Also, they tended to more commonly have anaemia and increased creatinine levels, and to be hospitalized (7.3%). Mixed-species infections largely assumed an interim position. Severe malaria (3.5%) was not associated with parasite species. No fatality occurred. Conclusion In this study, uncomplicated cases of malaria predominated, with P. falciparum causing slightly more intense manifestation. Severe malaria was infrequent and fatalities absent. This contrasts with the reported pattern of manifestation in other parts of India, which requires the analysis of underlying causes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 17 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
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English |
topic |
Malaria India Mangaluru Plasmodium vivax Plasmodium falciparum Admission Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Malaria India Mangaluru Plasmodium vivax Plasmodium falciparum Admission Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Prabhanjan P. Gai Frank P. Mockenhaupt Konrad Siegert Jakob Wedam Archith Boloor Suyamindra S. Kulkarni Rashmi Rasalkar Arun Kumar Animesh Jain Chakrapani Mahabala Pramod Gai Shantaram Baliga Rajeshwari Devi Damodara Shenoy Manifestation of malaria in Mangaluru, southern India |
topic_facet |
Malaria India Mangaluru Plasmodium vivax Plasmodium falciparum Admission Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Severe and fatal vivax malaria is increasingly reported from India. In Mangaluru, southern India, malaria is focused in urban areas and associated with importation by migrant workers. In Wenlock Hospital, the largest governmental hospital, the clinical, parasitological and biochemical characteristics of malaria patients were assessed. Methods During the peak malaria season in 2015 (June to December), outpatients were interviewed and clinically assessed. Malaria was ascertained by microscopy and PCR assays, concentrations of haemoglobin, creatinine and bilirubin, as well as thrombocyte count, were determined, and severe malaria was defined according to WHO criteria. Results Among 909 malaria patients, the vast majority was male (93%), adult (median, 26 years) and of low socio-economic status. Roughly half of them were migrants from beyond the local Karnataka state, mostly from northern and northeastern states. Vivax malaria (69.6%) predominated over mixed Plasmodium vivax–Plasmodium falciparum infection (21.3%) and falciparum malaria (9.0%). The geometric mean parasite density was 3412/µL. As compared to vivax malaria, patients with falciparum malaria had higher parasite density and more frequently showed impaired general condition, affected consciousness and splenomegaly. Also, they tended to more commonly have anaemia and increased creatinine levels, and to be hospitalized (7.3%). Mixed-species infections largely assumed an interim position. Severe malaria (3.5%) was not associated with parasite species. No fatality occurred. Conclusion In this study, uncomplicated cases of malaria predominated, with P. falciparum causing slightly more intense manifestation. Severe malaria was infrequent and fatalities absent. This contrasts with the reported pattern of manifestation in other parts of India, which requires the analysis of underlying causes. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Prabhanjan P. Gai Frank P. Mockenhaupt Konrad Siegert Jakob Wedam Archith Boloor Suyamindra S. Kulkarni Rashmi Rasalkar Arun Kumar Animesh Jain Chakrapani Mahabala Pramod Gai Shantaram Baliga Rajeshwari Devi Damodara Shenoy |
author_facet |
Prabhanjan P. Gai Frank P. Mockenhaupt Konrad Siegert Jakob Wedam Archith Boloor Suyamindra S. Kulkarni Rashmi Rasalkar Arun Kumar Animesh Jain Chakrapani Mahabala Pramod Gai Shantaram Baliga Rajeshwari Devi Damodara Shenoy |
author_sort |
Prabhanjan P. Gai |
title |
Manifestation of malaria in Mangaluru, southern India |
title_short |
Manifestation of malaria in Mangaluru, southern India |
title_full |
Manifestation of malaria in Mangaluru, southern India |
title_fullStr |
Manifestation of malaria in Mangaluru, southern India |
title_full_unstemmed |
Manifestation of malaria in Mangaluru, southern India |
title_sort |
manifestation of malaria in mangaluru, southern india |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2462-7 https://doaj.org/article/44b38eac8bda47f1b5e37636d98ea751 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2018) |
op_relation |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-018-2462-7 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-018-2462-7 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/44b38eac8bda47f1b5e37636d98ea751 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2462-7 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766343649824604160 |