Analysis of vkorc1 polymorphisms in Norway rats using the roof rat as outgroup

Abstract Background Certain mutations in the vitamin K epoxide reductase subcomponent 1 gene ( vkorc1 ) mediate rodent resistance to warfarin and other anticoagulants. Testing for resistance often involves analysis of the vkorc1 . However, a genetic test for the roof rat ( Rattus rattus ) has yet to...

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Published in:BMC Genetics
Main Authors: Borchert Jeff N, Moore Anthony, Song Ying, Díaz Juan C, Kohn Michael H
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: BMC 2010
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-11-43
https://doaj.org/article/446eea574baf46b7beaa76619ddabc59
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:446eea574baf46b7beaa76619ddabc59 2023-05-15T18:05:40+02:00 Analysis of vkorc1 polymorphisms in Norway rats using the roof rat as outgroup Borchert Jeff N Moore Anthony Song Ying Díaz Juan C Kohn Michael H 2010-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-11-43 https://doaj.org/article/446eea574baf46b7beaa76619ddabc59 EN eng BMC http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2156/11/43 https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2156 doi:10.1186/1471-2156-11-43 1471-2156 https://doaj.org/article/446eea574baf46b7beaa76619ddabc59 BMC Genetics, Vol 11, Iss 1, p 43 (2010) Genetics QH426-470 article 2010 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-11-43 2022-12-30T21:45:07Z Abstract Background Certain mutations in the vitamin K epoxide reductase subcomponent 1 gene ( vkorc1 ) mediate rodent resistance to warfarin and other anticoagulants. Testing for resistance often involves analysis of the vkorc1 . However, a genetic test for the roof rat ( Rattus rattus ) has yet to be developed. Moreover, an available roof rat vkorc1 sequence would enable species identification based on vkorc1 sequence and the evaluation of natural selection on particular vkorc1 polymorphisms in the Norway rat ( R. norvegicus ). Results We report the coding sequence, introns and 5' and 3' termini for the vkorc1 gene of roof rats ( R. r. alexandrinus and R. r. frugivorus ) from Uganda, Africa. Newly designed PCR primers now enable genetic testing of the roof rat and Norway rat. Only synonymous and noncoding polymorphisms were found in roof rats from Uganda. Both nominal subspecies of roof rats were indistinguishable from each other but were distinct from R. losea and R. flavipectus however, the roof rat also shares at least three coding sequence polymorphisms with R. losea and R. flavipectus . Many of recently published vkorc1 synonymous and non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Norway rats are likely SNPs from roof rats and/or other Rattus species. Tests applied to presumably genuine Norway rat vkorc1 SNPs are consistent with a role for selection in two populations carrying the derived Phe63Cys and Tyr139Cys mutations. Conclusion Geographic mapping of vkorc1 SNPs in roof rats should be facilitated by our report. Our assay should be applicable to most species of Rattus , which are intermediate in genetic distance from roof and Norway rats. Vkorc1 -mediated resistance due to non-synonymous coding SNPs is not segregating in roof rats from Uganda. By using the roof rat sequence as a reference vkorc1 , SNPs now can be assigned to the correct rat species with more confidence. Sampling designs and genotyping strategies employed so far have helped detect candidate mutations underlying vkorc1 ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Rattus rattus Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Norway BMC Genetics 11 1 43
institution Open Polar
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
op_collection_id ftdoajarticles
language English
topic Genetics
QH426-470
spellingShingle Genetics
QH426-470
Borchert Jeff N
Moore Anthony
Song Ying
Díaz Juan C
Kohn Michael H
Analysis of vkorc1 polymorphisms in Norway rats using the roof rat as outgroup
topic_facet Genetics
QH426-470
description Abstract Background Certain mutations in the vitamin K epoxide reductase subcomponent 1 gene ( vkorc1 ) mediate rodent resistance to warfarin and other anticoagulants. Testing for resistance often involves analysis of the vkorc1 . However, a genetic test for the roof rat ( Rattus rattus ) has yet to be developed. Moreover, an available roof rat vkorc1 sequence would enable species identification based on vkorc1 sequence and the evaluation of natural selection on particular vkorc1 polymorphisms in the Norway rat ( R. norvegicus ). Results We report the coding sequence, introns and 5' and 3' termini for the vkorc1 gene of roof rats ( R. r. alexandrinus and R. r. frugivorus ) from Uganda, Africa. Newly designed PCR primers now enable genetic testing of the roof rat and Norway rat. Only synonymous and noncoding polymorphisms were found in roof rats from Uganda. Both nominal subspecies of roof rats were indistinguishable from each other but were distinct from R. losea and R. flavipectus however, the roof rat also shares at least three coding sequence polymorphisms with R. losea and R. flavipectus . Many of recently published vkorc1 synonymous and non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Norway rats are likely SNPs from roof rats and/or other Rattus species. Tests applied to presumably genuine Norway rat vkorc1 SNPs are consistent with a role for selection in two populations carrying the derived Phe63Cys and Tyr139Cys mutations. Conclusion Geographic mapping of vkorc1 SNPs in roof rats should be facilitated by our report. Our assay should be applicable to most species of Rattus , which are intermediate in genetic distance from roof and Norway rats. Vkorc1 -mediated resistance due to non-synonymous coding SNPs is not segregating in roof rats from Uganda. By using the roof rat sequence as a reference vkorc1 , SNPs now can be assigned to the correct rat species with more confidence. Sampling designs and genotyping strategies employed so far have helped detect candidate mutations underlying vkorc1 ...
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Borchert Jeff N
Moore Anthony
Song Ying
Díaz Juan C
Kohn Michael H
author_facet Borchert Jeff N
Moore Anthony
Song Ying
Díaz Juan C
Kohn Michael H
author_sort Borchert Jeff N
title Analysis of vkorc1 polymorphisms in Norway rats using the roof rat as outgroup
title_short Analysis of vkorc1 polymorphisms in Norway rats using the roof rat as outgroup
title_full Analysis of vkorc1 polymorphisms in Norway rats using the roof rat as outgroup
title_fullStr Analysis of vkorc1 polymorphisms in Norway rats using the roof rat as outgroup
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of vkorc1 polymorphisms in Norway rats using the roof rat as outgroup
title_sort analysis of vkorc1 polymorphisms in norway rats using the roof rat as outgroup
publisher BMC
publishDate 2010
url https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-11-43
https://doaj.org/article/446eea574baf46b7beaa76619ddabc59
geographic Norway
geographic_facet Norway
genre Rattus rattus
genre_facet Rattus rattus
op_source BMC Genetics, Vol 11, Iss 1, p 43 (2010)
op_relation http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2156/11/43
https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2156
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-11-43
1471-2156
https://doaj.org/article/446eea574baf46b7beaa76619ddabc59
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-11-43
container_title BMC Genetics
container_volume 11
container_issue 1
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