Surveillance of Canine Rabies in the Central African Republic: Impact on Human Health and Molecular Epidemiology.
Although rabies represents an important public health threat, it is still a neglected disease in Asia and Africa where it causes tens of thousands of deaths annually despite available human and animal vaccines. In the Central African Republic (CAR), an endemic country for rabies, this disease remain...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4353f0aa3a5746afb3174e0f5c4eb2f7 2023-05-15T15:14:36+02:00 Surveillance of Canine Rabies in the Central African Republic: Impact on Human Health and Molecular Epidemiology. Vianney Tricou Julie Bouscaillou Emmanuel Kamba Mebourou Fidèle Dieudonné Koyanongo Emmanuel Nakouné Mirdad Kazanji 2016-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004433 https://doaj.org/article/4353f0aa3a5746afb3174e0f5c4eb2f7 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4747513?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004433 https://doaj.org/article/4353f0aa3a5746afb3174e0f5c4eb2f7 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 2, p e0004433 (2016) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004433 2022-12-31T03:53:58Z Although rabies represents an important public health threat, it is still a neglected disease in Asia and Africa where it causes tens of thousands of deaths annually despite available human and animal vaccines. In the Central African Republic (CAR), an endemic country for rabies, this disease remains poorly investigated.To evaluate the extent of the threat that rabies poses in the CAR, we analyzed data for 2012 from the National Reference Laboratory for Rabies, where laboratory confirmation was performed by immunofluorescence and PCR for both animal and human suspected cases, and data from the only anti-rabies dispensary of the country and only place where post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is available. Both are located in Bangui, the capital of the CAR. For positive samples, a portion of the N gene was amplified and sequenced to determine the molecular epidemiology of circulating strains.In 2012, 966 exposed persons visited the anti-rabies dispensary and 632 received a post-exposure rabies vaccination. More than 90% of the exposed persons were from Bangui and its suburbs and almost 60% of them were under 15-years of age. No rabies-related human death was confirmed. Of the 82 samples from suspected rabid dogs tested, 69 were confirmed positive. Most of the rabid dogs were owned although unvaccinated. There was a strong spatiotemporal correlation within Bangui and within the country between reported human exposures and detection of rabid dogs (P<0.001). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that three variants belonging to Africa I and II lineages actively circulated in 2012.These data indicate that canine rabies was endemic in the CAR in 2012 and had a detrimental impact on human health as shown by the hundreds of exposed persons who received PEP. Implementation of effective public health interventions including mass dog vaccination and improvement of the surveillance and the access to PEP are urgently needed in this country. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Human health Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 10 2 e0004433 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Vianney Tricou Julie Bouscaillou Emmanuel Kamba Mebourou Fidèle Dieudonné Koyanongo Emmanuel Nakouné Mirdad Kazanji Surveillance of Canine Rabies in the Central African Republic: Impact on Human Health and Molecular Epidemiology. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Although rabies represents an important public health threat, it is still a neglected disease in Asia and Africa where it causes tens of thousands of deaths annually despite available human and animal vaccines. In the Central African Republic (CAR), an endemic country for rabies, this disease remains poorly investigated.To evaluate the extent of the threat that rabies poses in the CAR, we analyzed data for 2012 from the National Reference Laboratory for Rabies, where laboratory confirmation was performed by immunofluorescence and PCR for both animal and human suspected cases, and data from the only anti-rabies dispensary of the country and only place where post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is available. Both are located in Bangui, the capital of the CAR. For positive samples, a portion of the N gene was amplified and sequenced to determine the molecular epidemiology of circulating strains.In 2012, 966 exposed persons visited the anti-rabies dispensary and 632 received a post-exposure rabies vaccination. More than 90% of the exposed persons were from Bangui and its suburbs and almost 60% of them were under 15-years of age. No rabies-related human death was confirmed. Of the 82 samples from suspected rabid dogs tested, 69 were confirmed positive. Most of the rabid dogs were owned although unvaccinated. There was a strong spatiotemporal correlation within Bangui and within the country between reported human exposures and detection of rabid dogs (P<0.001). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that three variants belonging to Africa I and II lineages actively circulated in 2012.These data indicate that canine rabies was endemic in the CAR in 2012 and had a detrimental impact on human health as shown by the hundreds of exposed persons who received PEP. Implementation of effective public health interventions including mass dog vaccination and improvement of the surveillance and the access to PEP are urgently needed in this country. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vianney Tricou Julie Bouscaillou Emmanuel Kamba Mebourou Fidèle Dieudonné Koyanongo Emmanuel Nakouné Mirdad Kazanji |
author_facet |
Vianney Tricou Julie Bouscaillou Emmanuel Kamba Mebourou Fidèle Dieudonné Koyanongo Emmanuel Nakouné Mirdad Kazanji |
author_sort |
Vianney Tricou |
title |
Surveillance of Canine Rabies in the Central African Republic: Impact on Human Health and Molecular Epidemiology. |
title_short |
Surveillance of Canine Rabies in the Central African Republic: Impact on Human Health and Molecular Epidemiology. |
title_full |
Surveillance of Canine Rabies in the Central African Republic: Impact on Human Health and Molecular Epidemiology. |
title_fullStr |
Surveillance of Canine Rabies in the Central African Republic: Impact on Human Health and Molecular Epidemiology. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Surveillance of Canine Rabies in the Central African Republic: Impact on Human Health and Molecular Epidemiology. |
title_sort |
surveillance of canine rabies in the central african republic: impact on human health and molecular epidemiology. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004433 https://doaj.org/article/4353f0aa3a5746afb3174e0f5c4eb2f7 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Human health |
genre_facet |
Arctic Human health |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 2, p e0004433 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4747513?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004433 https://doaj.org/article/4353f0aa3a5746afb3174e0f5c4eb2f7 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004433 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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10 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
e0004433 |
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