Disentangling creep and isothermal metamorphism during snow settlement with X-ray tomography
Once fallen, snow settles due to the combined effects of metamorphism and deformation of the ice matrix under gravity. To understand how these coupled processes affect snow evolution, we performed oedometric compression tests and continuously monitored the snow microstructure with X-ray tomography....
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Cambridge University Press
2023
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:40ecb27de53e4f98bf8a27b2052686e5 2023-08-20T04:07:38+02:00 Disentangling creep and isothermal metamorphism during snow settlement with X-ray tomography Antoine Bernard Pascal Hagenmuller Maurine Montagnat Guillaume Chambon 2023-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2022.109 https://doaj.org/article/40ecb27de53e4f98bf8a27b2052686e5 EN eng Cambridge University Press https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143022001095/type/journal_article https://doaj.org/toc/0022-1430 https://doaj.org/toc/1727-5652 doi:10.1017/jog.2022.109 0022-1430 1727-5652 https://doaj.org/article/40ecb27de53e4f98bf8a27b2052686e5 Journal of Glaciology, Vol 69, Pp 899-910 (2023) Snow mechanics snow microstructure snow physics Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2022.109 2023-07-30T00:36:44Z Once fallen, snow settles due to the combined effects of metamorphism and deformation of the ice matrix under gravity. To understand how these coupled processes affect snow evolution, we performed oedometric compression tests and continuously monitored the snow microstructure with X-ray tomography. Centimetric samples with an initial density between 200 and 300 kg m−3 were followed during an initial sintering phase and under two different loads of 2.1 and 4.7 kPa at $-8^\circ$C for ~1 week. The microstructure captured at a voxel size of 8.5 μm was characterized by density, specific surface area (SSA) and two metrics related to bond network, namely the Euler characteristic and the minimum cut surface. Load-induced creep of the ice matrix was observed only for sufficiently low values of initial density (<290 kg m−3 in our tests), and was shown to be associated to a significant increase of the number of bonds. Application of the load, however, did not affect the individual bond size nor the SSA, which appeared to be mainly controlled by isothermal metamorphism. The uniaxial compression did not induce any creation of anisotropy on the microstructural characteristics. Overall, our results show that, for the considered conditions, the deformation of the ice matrix mainly leads to a reduction of the pore space and an increase of the coordination number, while metamorphism mainly affects the grain and bond sizes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Journal of Glaciology 1 12 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Snow mechanics snow microstructure snow physics Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
spellingShingle |
Snow mechanics snow microstructure snow physics Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Antoine Bernard Pascal Hagenmuller Maurine Montagnat Guillaume Chambon Disentangling creep and isothermal metamorphism during snow settlement with X-ray tomography |
topic_facet |
Snow mechanics snow microstructure snow physics Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
description |
Once fallen, snow settles due to the combined effects of metamorphism and deformation of the ice matrix under gravity. To understand how these coupled processes affect snow evolution, we performed oedometric compression tests and continuously monitored the snow microstructure with X-ray tomography. Centimetric samples with an initial density between 200 and 300 kg m−3 were followed during an initial sintering phase and under two different loads of 2.1 and 4.7 kPa at $-8^\circ$C for ~1 week. The microstructure captured at a voxel size of 8.5 μm was characterized by density, specific surface area (SSA) and two metrics related to bond network, namely the Euler characteristic and the minimum cut surface. Load-induced creep of the ice matrix was observed only for sufficiently low values of initial density (<290 kg m−3 in our tests), and was shown to be associated to a significant increase of the number of bonds. Application of the load, however, did not affect the individual bond size nor the SSA, which appeared to be mainly controlled by isothermal metamorphism. The uniaxial compression did not induce any creation of anisotropy on the microstructural characteristics. Overall, our results show that, for the considered conditions, the deformation of the ice matrix mainly leads to a reduction of the pore space and an increase of the coordination number, while metamorphism mainly affects the grain and bond sizes. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Antoine Bernard Pascal Hagenmuller Maurine Montagnat Guillaume Chambon |
author_facet |
Antoine Bernard Pascal Hagenmuller Maurine Montagnat Guillaume Chambon |
author_sort |
Antoine Bernard |
title |
Disentangling creep and isothermal metamorphism during snow settlement with X-ray tomography |
title_short |
Disentangling creep and isothermal metamorphism during snow settlement with X-ray tomography |
title_full |
Disentangling creep and isothermal metamorphism during snow settlement with X-ray tomography |
title_fullStr |
Disentangling creep and isothermal metamorphism during snow settlement with X-ray tomography |
title_full_unstemmed |
Disentangling creep and isothermal metamorphism during snow settlement with X-ray tomography |
title_sort |
disentangling creep and isothermal metamorphism during snow settlement with x-ray tomography |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2022.109 https://doaj.org/article/40ecb27de53e4f98bf8a27b2052686e5 |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology, Vol 69, Pp 899-910 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143022001095/type/journal_article https://doaj.org/toc/0022-1430 https://doaj.org/toc/1727-5652 doi:10.1017/jog.2022.109 0022-1430 1727-5652 https://doaj.org/article/40ecb27de53e4f98bf8a27b2052686e5 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2022.109 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
12 |
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1774719417455738880 |