Survival to Age 90 in Men: The Tromsø Study 1974–2018
The 738 oldest men who participated in the first survey of the population-based Tromsø Study (Tromsø 1) in Norway in 1974 have now had the chance to reach the age of 90 years. The men were also invited to subsequent surveys (Tromsø 2−7, 1979−2016) and have been followed up for all-cause deaths. This...
Published in: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:40b0d01b82f24abf99837370c968d02b 2023-05-15T18:34:17+02:00 Survival to Age 90 in Men: The Tromsø Study 1974–2018 Tormod Brenn 2019-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112028 https://doaj.org/article/40b0d01b82f24abf99837370c968d02b EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/11/2028 https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 1660-4601 doi:10.3390/ijerph16112028 https://doaj.org/article/40b0d01b82f24abf99837370c968d02b International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 16, Iss 11, p 2028 (2019) longevity survival risk factors smoking physical inactivity Medicine R article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112028 2022-12-31T03:24:26Z The 738 oldest men who participated in the first survey of the population-based Tromsø Study (Tromsø 1) in Norway in 1974 have now had the chance to reach the age of 90 years. The men were also invited to subsequent surveys (Tromsø 2−7, 1979−2016) and have been followed up for all-cause deaths. This study sought to investigate what could be learned from how these men have fared. The men were born in 1925−1928 and similar health-related data from questionnaires, physical examination, and blood samples are available for all surveys. Survival curves over various variable strata were applied to evaluate the impact of individual risk factors and combinations of risk factors on all-cause deaths. At the end of 2018, 118 (16.0%) of the men had reached 90 years of age. Smoking in 1974 was the strongest single risk factor associated with survival, with observed percentages of men reaching 90 years being 26.3, 25.7, and 10.8 for never, former, and current smokers, respectively. Significant effects on survival were also found for physical inactivity, low income, being unmarried, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. For men with 0−4 of these risk factors, the percentages reaching 90 years were 33.3, 24.9, 12.4, 14.4, and 1.5, respectively. Quitting smoking and increasing physical activity before 55 years of age improved survival significantly. Men should refrain from smoking and increase their physical activity, especially those with low income, those who are unmarried, and those with high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tromsø Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Norway Tromsø International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16 11 2028 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
longevity survival risk factors smoking physical inactivity Medicine R |
spellingShingle |
longevity survival risk factors smoking physical inactivity Medicine R Tormod Brenn Survival to Age 90 in Men: The Tromsø Study 1974–2018 |
topic_facet |
longevity survival risk factors smoking physical inactivity Medicine R |
description |
The 738 oldest men who participated in the first survey of the population-based Tromsø Study (Tromsø 1) in Norway in 1974 have now had the chance to reach the age of 90 years. The men were also invited to subsequent surveys (Tromsø 2−7, 1979−2016) and have been followed up for all-cause deaths. This study sought to investigate what could be learned from how these men have fared. The men were born in 1925−1928 and similar health-related data from questionnaires, physical examination, and blood samples are available for all surveys. Survival curves over various variable strata were applied to evaluate the impact of individual risk factors and combinations of risk factors on all-cause deaths. At the end of 2018, 118 (16.0%) of the men had reached 90 years of age. Smoking in 1974 was the strongest single risk factor associated with survival, with observed percentages of men reaching 90 years being 26.3, 25.7, and 10.8 for never, former, and current smokers, respectively. Significant effects on survival were also found for physical inactivity, low income, being unmarried, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. For men with 0−4 of these risk factors, the percentages reaching 90 years were 33.3, 24.9, 12.4, 14.4, and 1.5, respectively. Quitting smoking and increasing physical activity before 55 years of age improved survival significantly. Men should refrain from smoking and increase their physical activity, especially those with low income, those who are unmarried, and those with high blood pressure and high cholesterol. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tormod Brenn |
author_facet |
Tormod Brenn |
author_sort |
Tormod Brenn |
title |
Survival to Age 90 in Men: The Tromsø Study 1974–2018 |
title_short |
Survival to Age 90 in Men: The Tromsø Study 1974–2018 |
title_full |
Survival to Age 90 in Men: The Tromsø Study 1974–2018 |
title_fullStr |
Survival to Age 90 in Men: The Tromsø Study 1974–2018 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Survival to Age 90 in Men: The Tromsø Study 1974–2018 |
title_sort |
survival to age 90 in men: the tromsø study 1974–2018 |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112028 https://doaj.org/article/40b0d01b82f24abf99837370c968d02b |
geographic |
Norway Tromsø |
geographic_facet |
Norway Tromsø |
genre |
Tromsø |
genre_facet |
Tromsø |
op_source |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 16, Iss 11, p 2028 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/11/2028 https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 1660-4601 doi:10.3390/ijerph16112028 https://doaj.org/article/40b0d01b82f24abf99837370c968d02b |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112028 |
container_title |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
2028 |
_version_ |
1766218959278833664 |