Temporal and structural genetic variation in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) associated with the pastoral transition in Northwestern Siberia
Abstract Just as the domestication of livestock is often cited as a key element in the Neolithic transition to settled, the emergence of large‐scaled reindeer husbandry was a fundamental social transformation for the indigenous peoples of Arctic Eurasia. To better understand the history of reindeer...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:4092aa0a55934c30b01a4ae1da77a27f 2023-05-15T14:56:47+02:00 Temporal and structural genetic variation in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) associated with the pastoral transition in Northwestern Siberia Knut H. Røed Kjersti S. Kvie Robert J. Losey Pavel A. Kosintsev Anne K. Hufthammer Mark J. Dwyer Vasiliy Goncharov Konstantin B. Klokov Dmitry V. Arzyutov Andrei Plekhanov David G. Anderson 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6314 https://doaj.org/article/4092aa0a55934c30b01a4ae1da77a27f EN eng Wiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6314 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.6314 https://doaj.org/article/4092aa0a55934c30b01a4ae1da77a27f Ecology and Evolution, Vol 10, Iss 17, Pp 9060-9072 (2020) ancient DNA Arctic domestication mitochondrial DNA nenets reindeer husbandry Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6314 2022-12-31T07:44:34Z Abstract Just as the domestication of livestock is often cited as a key element in the Neolithic transition to settled, the emergence of large‐scaled reindeer husbandry was a fundamental social transformation for the indigenous peoples of Arctic Eurasia. To better understand the history of reindeer domestication, and the genetic processes associated with the pastoral transition in the Eurasian Arctic, we analyzed archaeological and contemporary reindeer samples from Northwestern Siberia. The material represents Rangifer genealogies spanning from 15,000 years ago to the 18th century, as well as modern samples from the wild Taĭmyr population and from domestic herds managed by Nenetses. The wild and the domestic population are the largest populations of their kind in Northern Eurasia, and some Nenetses hold their domestic reindeer beside their wild cousins. Our analyses of 197 modern and 223 ancient mitochondrial DNA sequences revealed two genetic clusters, which are interpreted as representing the gene pools of contemporary domestic and past wild reindeer. Among a total of 137 different mitochondrial haplotypes identified in both the modern and archaeological samples, only 21 were detected in the modern domestic gene pool, while 11 of these were absent from the wild gene pool. The significant temporal genetic shift that we associate with the pastoral transition suggests that the emergence and spread of reindeer pastoralism in Northwestern Siberia originated with the translocation and subsequent selective breeding of a special type of animal from outside the region. The distinct and persistent domestic characteristics of the haplotype structure since the 18th century suggests little genetic exchange since then. The absence of the typical domestic clade in modern nearby wild populations suggests that the contemporary Nenets domestic breed feature an ancestry from outside its present main distribution, possibly from further South. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic nenets Nenetse* Rangifer tarandus reindeer husbandry Siberia Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Ecology and Evolution 10 17 9060 9072 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
ancient DNA Arctic domestication mitochondrial DNA nenets reindeer husbandry Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
ancient DNA Arctic domestication mitochondrial DNA nenets reindeer husbandry Ecology QH540-549.5 Knut H. Røed Kjersti S. Kvie Robert J. Losey Pavel A. Kosintsev Anne K. Hufthammer Mark J. Dwyer Vasiliy Goncharov Konstantin B. Klokov Dmitry V. Arzyutov Andrei Plekhanov David G. Anderson Temporal and structural genetic variation in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) associated with the pastoral transition in Northwestern Siberia |
topic_facet |
ancient DNA Arctic domestication mitochondrial DNA nenets reindeer husbandry Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Abstract Just as the domestication of livestock is often cited as a key element in the Neolithic transition to settled, the emergence of large‐scaled reindeer husbandry was a fundamental social transformation for the indigenous peoples of Arctic Eurasia. To better understand the history of reindeer domestication, and the genetic processes associated with the pastoral transition in the Eurasian Arctic, we analyzed archaeological and contemporary reindeer samples from Northwestern Siberia. The material represents Rangifer genealogies spanning from 15,000 years ago to the 18th century, as well as modern samples from the wild Taĭmyr population and from domestic herds managed by Nenetses. The wild and the domestic population are the largest populations of their kind in Northern Eurasia, and some Nenetses hold their domestic reindeer beside their wild cousins. Our analyses of 197 modern and 223 ancient mitochondrial DNA sequences revealed two genetic clusters, which are interpreted as representing the gene pools of contemporary domestic and past wild reindeer. Among a total of 137 different mitochondrial haplotypes identified in both the modern and archaeological samples, only 21 were detected in the modern domestic gene pool, while 11 of these were absent from the wild gene pool. The significant temporal genetic shift that we associate with the pastoral transition suggests that the emergence and spread of reindeer pastoralism in Northwestern Siberia originated with the translocation and subsequent selective breeding of a special type of animal from outside the region. The distinct and persistent domestic characteristics of the haplotype structure since the 18th century suggests little genetic exchange since then. The absence of the typical domestic clade in modern nearby wild populations suggests that the contemporary Nenets domestic breed feature an ancestry from outside its present main distribution, possibly from further South. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Knut H. Røed Kjersti S. Kvie Robert J. Losey Pavel A. Kosintsev Anne K. Hufthammer Mark J. Dwyer Vasiliy Goncharov Konstantin B. Klokov Dmitry V. Arzyutov Andrei Plekhanov David G. Anderson |
author_facet |
Knut H. Røed Kjersti S. Kvie Robert J. Losey Pavel A. Kosintsev Anne K. Hufthammer Mark J. Dwyer Vasiliy Goncharov Konstantin B. Klokov Dmitry V. Arzyutov Andrei Plekhanov David G. Anderson |
author_sort |
Knut H. Røed |
title |
Temporal and structural genetic variation in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) associated with the pastoral transition in Northwestern Siberia |
title_short |
Temporal and structural genetic variation in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) associated with the pastoral transition in Northwestern Siberia |
title_full |
Temporal and structural genetic variation in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) associated with the pastoral transition in Northwestern Siberia |
title_fullStr |
Temporal and structural genetic variation in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) associated with the pastoral transition in Northwestern Siberia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Temporal and structural genetic variation in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) associated with the pastoral transition in Northwestern Siberia |
title_sort |
temporal and structural genetic variation in reindeer (rangifer tarandus) associated with the pastoral transition in northwestern siberia |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6314 https://doaj.org/article/4092aa0a55934c30b01a4ae1da77a27f |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic nenets Nenetse* Rangifer tarandus reindeer husbandry Siberia |
genre_facet |
Arctic nenets Nenetse* Rangifer tarandus reindeer husbandry Siberia |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution, Vol 10, Iss 17, Pp 9060-9072 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6314 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.6314 https://doaj.org/article/4092aa0a55934c30b01a4ae1da77a27f |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6314 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
17 |
container_start_page |
9060 |
op_container_end_page |
9072 |
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1766328862345527296 |