The role of neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes on patterns of genetic diversity across small cave‐dwelling populations of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)
Abstract Understanding the adaptability of small populations in the face of environmental change is a central problem in evolutionary biology. Solving this problem is challenging because neutral evolutionary processes that operate on historical and contemporary timescales can override the effects of...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:407afbaf033445bd88e59061007bdcf8 2024-09-15T17:52:24+00:00 The role of neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes on patterns of genetic diversity across small cave‐dwelling populations of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) Braden J. Judson Bjarni K. Kristjánsson Camille A.‐L. Leblanc Moira M. Ferguson 2024-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11363 https://doaj.org/article/407afbaf033445bd88e59061007bdcf8 EN eng Wiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11363 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.11363 https://doaj.org/article/407afbaf033445bd88e59061007bdcf8 Ecology and Evolution, Vol 14, Iss 5, Pp n/a-n/a (2024) colonization history drift ecological variation fish movement gene flow geographic distance Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2024 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11363 2024-08-05T17:49:18Z Abstract Understanding the adaptability of small populations in the face of environmental change is a central problem in evolutionary biology. Solving this problem is challenging because neutral evolutionary processes that operate on historical and contemporary timescales can override the effects of selection in small populations. We assessed the effects of isolation by colonization (IBC), isolation by dispersal limitation (IBDL) as reflected by a pattern of isolation by distance (IBD), and isolation by adaptation (IBA) and the roles of genetic drift and gene flow on patterns of genetic differentiation among 19 cave‐dwelling populations of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). We detected evidence of IBC based on the genetic affinity of nearby cave populations and the genetic relationships between the cave populations and the presumed ancestral population in the lake. A pattern of IBD was evident regardless of whether high‐level genetic structuring (IBC) was taken into account. Genetic signatures of bottlenecks and lower genetic diversity in smaller populations indicate the effect of drift. Estimates of gene flow and fish movement suggest that gene flow is limited to nearby populations. In contrast, we found little evidence of IBA as patterns of local ecological and phenotypic variation showed little association with genetic differentiation among populations. Thus, patterns of genetic variation in these small populations likely reflect localized gene flow and genetic drift superimposed onto a larger‐scale structure that is largely a result of colonization history. Our simultaneous assessment of the effects of neutral and adaptive processes in a tractable and replicated system has yielded novel insights into the evolution of small populations on both historical and contemporary timescales and over a smaller spatial scale than is typically studied. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Ecology and Evolution 14 5 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
colonization history drift ecological variation fish movement gene flow geographic distance Ecology QH540-549.5 |
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colonization history drift ecological variation fish movement gene flow geographic distance Ecology QH540-549.5 Braden J. Judson Bjarni K. Kristjánsson Camille A.‐L. Leblanc Moira M. Ferguson The role of neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes on patterns of genetic diversity across small cave‐dwelling populations of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) |
topic_facet |
colonization history drift ecological variation fish movement gene flow geographic distance Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Abstract Understanding the adaptability of small populations in the face of environmental change is a central problem in evolutionary biology. Solving this problem is challenging because neutral evolutionary processes that operate on historical and contemporary timescales can override the effects of selection in small populations. We assessed the effects of isolation by colonization (IBC), isolation by dispersal limitation (IBDL) as reflected by a pattern of isolation by distance (IBD), and isolation by adaptation (IBA) and the roles of genetic drift and gene flow on patterns of genetic differentiation among 19 cave‐dwelling populations of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). We detected evidence of IBC based on the genetic affinity of nearby cave populations and the genetic relationships between the cave populations and the presumed ancestral population in the lake. A pattern of IBD was evident regardless of whether high‐level genetic structuring (IBC) was taken into account. Genetic signatures of bottlenecks and lower genetic diversity in smaller populations indicate the effect of drift. Estimates of gene flow and fish movement suggest that gene flow is limited to nearby populations. In contrast, we found little evidence of IBA as patterns of local ecological and phenotypic variation showed little association with genetic differentiation among populations. Thus, patterns of genetic variation in these small populations likely reflect localized gene flow and genetic drift superimposed onto a larger‐scale structure that is largely a result of colonization history. Our simultaneous assessment of the effects of neutral and adaptive processes in a tractable and replicated system has yielded novel insights into the evolution of small populations on both historical and contemporary timescales and over a smaller spatial scale than is typically studied. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Braden J. Judson Bjarni K. Kristjánsson Camille A.‐L. Leblanc Moira M. Ferguson |
author_facet |
Braden J. Judson Bjarni K. Kristjánsson Camille A.‐L. Leblanc Moira M. Ferguson |
author_sort |
Braden J. Judson |
title |
The role of neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes on patterns of genetic diversity across small cave‐dwelling populations of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) |
title_short |
The role of neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes on patterns of genetic diversity across small cave‐dwelling populations of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) |
title_full |
The role of neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes on patterns of genetic diversity across small cave‐dwelling populations of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) |
title_fullStr |
The role of neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes on patterns of genetic diversity across small cave‐dwelling populations of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) |
title_full_unstemmed |
The role of neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes on patterns of genetic diversity across small cave‐dwelling populations of Icelandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) |
title_sort |
role of neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes on patterns of genetic diversity across small cave‐dwelling populations of icelandic arctic charr (salvelinus alpinus) |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11363 https://doaj.org/article/407afbaf033445bd88e59061007bdcf8 |
genre |
Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus |
genre_facet |
Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution, Vol 14, Iss 5, Pp n/a-n/a (2024) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11363 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.11363 https://doaj.org/article/407afbaf033445bd88e59061007bdcf8 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11363 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
5 |
_version_ |
1810294441498378240 |