The Total and Active Bacterial Community of the Chlorolichen Cetraria islandica and Its Response to Long-Term Warming in Sub-Arctic Tundra
Lichens are traditionally defined as a symbiosis between a fungus and a green alga and or a cyanobacterium. This idea has been challenged by the discovery of bacterial communities inhabiting the lichen thalli. These bacteria are thought to contribute to the survival of lichens under extreme and chan...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3ed552deff80403f8d3889fa4f697a0c 2023-05-15T14:59:55+02:00 The Total and Active Bacterial Community of the Chlorolichen Cetraria islandica and Its Response to Long-Term Warming in Sub-Arctic Tundra Ingeborg J. Klarenberg Christoph Keuschnig Denis Warshan Ingibjörg Svala Jónsdóttir Oddur Vilhelmsson 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.540404 https://doaj.org/article/3ed552deff80403f8d3889fa4f697a0c EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.540404/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.540404 https://doaj.org/article/3ed552deff80403f8d3889fa4f697a0c Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 11 (2020) lichen lichen microbiome tundra climate change host–microbiome lichen-associated bacteria Microbiology QR1-502 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.540404 2022-12-31T04:51:00Z Lichens are traditionally defined as a symbiosis between a fungus and a green alga and or a cyanobacterium. This idea has been challenged by the discovery of bacterial communities inhabiting the lichen thalli. These bacteria are thought to contribute to the survival of lichens under extreme and changing environmental conditions. How these changing environmental conditions affect the lichen-associated bacterial community composition remains unclear. We describe the total (rDNA-based) and potentially metabolically active (rRNA-based) bacterial community of the lichen Cetaria islandica and its response to long-term warming using a 20-year warming experiment in an Icelandic sub-Arctic tundra. 16S rRNA and rDNA amplicon sequencing showed that the orders Acetobacterales (of the class Alphaproteobacteria) and Acidobacteriales (of the phylum Acidobacteria) dominated the bacterial community. Numerous amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) could only be detected in the potentially active community but not in the total community. Long-term warming led to increases in relative abundance of bacterial taxa on class, order and ASV level. Warming altered the relative abundance of ASVs of the most common bacterial genera, such as Granulicella and Endobacter. The potentially metabolically active bacterial community was also more responsive to warming than the total community. Our results suggest that the bacterial community of the lichen C. islandica is dominated by acidophilic taxa and harbors disproportionally active rare taxa. We also show for the first time that climate warming can lead to shifts in lichen-associated bacterial community composition. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Tundra Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Frontiers in Microbiology 11 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
lichen lichen microbiome tundra climate change host–microbiome lichen-associated bacteria Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
lichen lichen microbiome tundra climate change host–microbiome lichen-associated bacteria Microbiology QR1-502 Ingeborg J. Klarenberg Christoph Keuschnig Denis Warshan Ingibjörg Svala Jónsdóttir Oddur Vilhelmsson The Total and Active Bacterial Community of the Chlorolichen Cetraria islandica and Its Response to Long-Term Warming in Sub-Arctic Tundra |
topic_facet |
lichen lichen microbiome tundra climate change host–microbiome lichen-associated bacteria Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
Lichens are traditionally defined as a symbiosis between a fungus and a green alga and or a cyanobacterium. This idea has been challenged by the discovery of bacterial communities inhabiting the lichen thalli. These bacteria are thought to contribute to the survival of lichens under extreme and changing environmental conditions. How these changing environmental conditions affect the lichen-associated bacterial community composition remains unclear. We describe the total (rDNA-based) and potentially metabolically active (rRNA-based) bacterial community of the lichen Cetaria islandica and its response to long-term warming using a 20-year warming experiment in an Icelandic sub-Arctic tundra. 16S rRNA and rDNA amplicon sequencing showed that the orders Acetobacterales (of the class Alphaproteobacteria) and Acidobacteriales (of the phylum Acidobacteria) dominated the bacterial community. Numerous amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) could only be detected in the potentially active community but not in the total community. Long-term warming led to increases in relative abundance of bacterial taxa on class, order and ASV level. Warming altered the relative abundance of ASVs of the most common bacterial genera, such as Granulicella and Endobacter. The potentially metabolically active bacterial community was also more responsive to warming than the total community. Our results suggest that the bacterial community of the lichen C. islandica is dominated by acidophilic taxa and harbors disproportionally active rare taxa. We also show for the first time that climate warming can lead to shifts in lichen-associated bacterial community composition. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ingeborg J. Klarenberg Christoph Keuschnig Denis Warshan Ingibjörg Svala Jónsdóttir Oddur Vilhelmsson |
author_facet |
Ingeborg J. Klarenberg Christoph Keuschnig Denis Warshan Ingibjörg Svala Jónsdóttir Oddur Vilhelmsson |
author_sort |
Ingeborg J. Klarenberg |
title |
The Total and Active Bacterial Community of the Chlorolichen Cetraria islandica and Its Response to Long-Term Warming in Sub-Arctic Tundra |
title_short |
The Total and Active Bacterial Community of the Chlorolichen Cetraria islandica and Its Response to Long-Term Warming in Sub-Arctic Tundra |
title_full |
The Total and Active Bacterial Community of the Chlorolichen Cetraria islandica and Its Response to Long-Term Warming in Sub-Arctic Tundra |
title_fullStr |
The Total and Active Bacterial Community of the Chlorolichen Cetraria islandica and Its Response to Long-Term Warming in Sub-Arctic Tundra |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Total and Active Bacterial Community of the Chlorolichen Cetraria islandica and Its Response to Long-Term Warming in Sub-Arctic Tundra |
title_sort |
total and active bacterial community of the chlorolichen cetraria islandica and its response to long-term warming in sub-arctic tundra |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.540404 https://doaj.org/article/3ed552deff80403f8d3889fa4f697a0c |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Tundra |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 11 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.540404/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.540404 https://doaj.org/article/3ed552deff80403f8d3889fa4f697a0c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.540404 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
11 |
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1766332029602889728 |