Search for Man-Made Cirrus Contrails over Southeast Asia

• Main Authors: Christos S. Zerefos, Kostas Eleftheratos, Prodromos Zanis, Dimitris S. Balis, and George Tselioudis
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Springer 2007
• Subjects: geophysics; geology; atmospheric science; space science; oceanic science; hydrology; QE1-996.5; Geophysics. Cosmic physics; QC801-809; Pacific; North Atlantic
• Online Access: https://doaj.org/article/3ebfe4f48c8048ad9a59eea6bf3c1299

In this study we examine the effect of natural perturbations on cirrus cloud cover in the tropics and we look for possible signal of cirrus contrails in tropical air traffic regions focussing on Southeast Asia, a region that has received much less attention than the well investigated North Atlantic and North American air traffic corridors. The analysis is based on the latest version of the ISCCP D2 cirrus cloud dataset and covers the period 1984 - 2000. Four parameters were examined for their relation with cirrus cloud trends: deep convective clouds from ISCCP, vertical velocities, relative humidity and air temperature at 200 mb from ECMWF/ERA40. The results show that there is a strong correlation between cirrus clouds and dynamical parameters (deep convective clouds, vertical velocities) over Southeast Asia, explaining a significant part of the tropical cirrus cloud variability. After removing seasonality, the ENSO signal becomes dominant on cirrus, on deep convective clouds and on vertical velocities over regions of the western and the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. Over Southeast Asia, the average decrease in cirrus during the strong 1997/98 El Nino event was about 6% cloud cover or ~25% of the regional mean. In order to search for possible signal of cirrus contrails over S. E. Asia, we calculated trends in cirrus coverage over tropical regions with high air traffic after removing the ENSO effect. The results show that there is a small positive trend in cirrus clouds over the S. E. Asia air corridors during winter (+0.1% cover/decade), which is not statistically significant and is related to small positive trends in deep convective clouds. In summer, cirrus clouds are anti-correlated with deep convective clouds over this region and the trends are opposite. The negative trends in cirrus clouds, which are observed in the summer (-4.5% cover/ decade), are related to trends in dynamical and thermo-dynamical parameters. It is shown that cirrus clouds are statistically significant correlated with vertical ...