On the variability of the Bering Sea Cold Pool and implications for the biophysical environment.
The Bering Sea experiences a seasonal sea ice cover, which is important to the biophysical environment found there. A pool of cold bottom water (<2°C) is formed on the shelf each winter as a result of cooling and vertical mixing due to brine rejection during the predominately local sea ice growth...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3e97472036814aa28b7d3f36c2788413 2023-05-15T15:01:52+02:00 On the variability of the Bering Sea Cold Pool and implications for the biophysical environment. Jaclyn Clement Kinney Wieslaw Maslowski Robert Osinski Younjoo J Lee Christina Goethel Karen Frey Anthony Craig 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266180 https://doaj.org/article/3e97472036814aa28b7d3f36c2788413 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266180 https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0266180 https://doaj.org/article/3e97472036814aa28b7d3f36c2788413 PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 4, p e0266180 (2022) Medicine R Science Q article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266180 2022-12-30T23:11:37Z The Bering Sea experiences a seasonal sea ice cover, which is important to the biophysical environment found there. A pool of cold bottom water (<2°C) is formed on the shelf each winter as a result of cooling and vertical mixing due to brine rejection during the predominately local sea ice growth. The extent and distribution of this Cold Pool (CP) is largely controlled by the winter extent of sea ice in the Bering Sea, which can vary considerably and recently has been much lower than average. The cold bottom water of the CP is important for food security because it delineates the boundary between arctic and subarctic demersal fish species. A northward retreat of the CP will likely be associated with migration of subarctic species toward the Chukchi Sea. We use the fully-coupled Regional Arctic System Model (RASM) to examine variability of the extent and distribution of the CP and its relation to change in the sea ice cover in the Bering Sea during the period 1980-2018. RASM results confirm the direct correlation between the extent of sea ice and the CP and show a smaller CP as a consequence of realistically simulated recent declines of the sea ice cover in the Bering Sea. In fact, the area of the CP was found to be only 31% of the long-term mean in July of 2018. In addition, we also find that a low ice year is followed by a later diatom bloom, while a heavy ice year is followed by an early diatom bloom. Finally, the RASM probabilistic intra-annual forecast capability is reviewed, based on 31-member ensembles for 2019-2021, for its potential use for prediction of the winter sea ice cover and the subsequent summer CP area in the Bering Sea. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Bering Sea Chukchi Chukchi Sea Sea ice Subarctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Bering Sea Chukchi Sea PLOS ONE 17 4 e0266180 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q Jaclyn Clement Kinney Wieslaw Maslowski Robert Osinski Younjoo J Lee Christina Goethel Karen Frey Anthony Craig On the variability of the Bering Sea Cold Pool and implications for the biophysical environment. |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
The Bering Sea experiences a seasonal sea ice cover, which is important to the biophysical environment found there. A pool of cold bottom water (<2°C) is formed on the shelf each winter as a result of cooling and vertical mixing due to brine rejection during the predominately local sea ice growth. The extent and distribution of this Cold Pool (CP) is largely controlled by the winter extent of sea ice in the Bering Sea, which can vary considerably and recently has been much lower than average. The cold bottom water of the CP is important for food security because it delineates the boundary between arctic and subarctic demersal fish species. A northward retreat of the CP will likely be associated with migration of subarctic species toward the Chukchi Sea. We use the fully-coupled Regional Arctic System Model (RASM) to examine variability of the extent and distribution of the CP and its relation to change in the sea ice cover in the Bering Sea during the period 1980-2018. RASM results confirm the direct correlation between the extent of sea ice and the CP and show a smaller CP as a consequence of realistically simulated recent declines of the sea ice cover in the Bering Sea. In fact, the area of the CP was found to be only 31% of the long-term mean in July of 2018. In addition, we also find that a low ice year is followed by a later diatom bloom, while a heavy ice year is followed by an early diatom bloom. Finally, the RASM probabilistic intra-annual forecast capability is reviewed, based on 31-member ensembles for 2019-2021, for its potential use for prediction of the winter sea ice cover and the subsequent summer CP area in the Bering Sea. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jaclyn Clement Kinney Wieslaw Maslowski Robert Osinski Younjoo J Lee Christina Goethel Karen Frey Anthony Craig |
author_facet |
Jaclyn Clement Kinney Wieslaw Maslowski Robert Osinski Younjoo J Lee Christina Goethel Karen Frey Anthony Craig |
author_sort |
Jaclyn Clement Kinney |
title |
On the variability of the Bering Sea Cold Pool and implications for the biophysical environment. |
title_short |
On the variability of the Bering Sea Cold Pool and implications for the biophysical environment. |
title_full |
On the variability of the Bering Sea Cold Pool and implications for the biophysical environment. |
title_fullStr |
On the variability of the Bering Sea Cold Pool and implications for the biophysical environment. |
title_full_unstemmed |
On the variability of the Bering Sea Cold Pool and implications for the biophysical environment. |
title_sort |
on the variability of the bering sea cold pool and implications for the biophysical environment. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266180 https://doaj.org/article/3e97472036814aa28b7d3f36c2788413 |
geographic |
Arctic Bering Sea Chukchi Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Bering Sea Chukchi Sea |
genre |
Arctic Bering Sea Chukchi Chukchi Sea Sea ice Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Bering Sea Chukchi Chukchi Sea Sea ice Subarctic |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 4, p e0266180 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266180 https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0266180 https://doaj.org/article/3e97472036814aa28b7d3f36c2788413 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266180 |
container_title |
PLOS ONE |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
e0266180 |
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1766333875725795328 |