Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates
Surtsey and Mount St. Helens are celebrated but very different volcanoes. Permanent plots allow for comparisons that reveal mechanisms that control succession and its rate and suggest general principles. We estimated rates from structure development, species composition using detrended correspondenc...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3e7c12384ec94b519f0ac012027caab5 2023-05-15T18:29:13+02:00 Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates R. del Moral B. Magnússon 2014-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2099-2014 https://doaj.org/article/3e7c12384ec94b519f0ac012027caab5 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.biogeosciences.net/11/2099/2014/bg-11-2099-2014.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 1726-4170 1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-11-2099-2014 https://doaj.org/article/3e7c12384ec94b519f0ac012027caab5 Biogeosciences, Vol 11, Iss 7, Pp 2099-2111 (2014) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2099-2014 2022-12-31T13:32:16Z Surtsey and Mount St. Helens are celebrated but very different volcanoes. Permanent plots allow for comparisons that reveal mechanisms that control succession and its rate and suggest general principles. We estimated rates from structure development, species composition using detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), changes in Euclidean distance (ED) of DCA vectors, and by principal components analysis (PCA) of DCA. On Surtsey, rates determined from DCA trajectory analyses decreased as follows: gull colony on lava with sand > gull colony on lava, no sand ≫ lava with sand > sand spit > block lava > tephra. On Mount St. Helens, plots on lahar deposits near woodlands were best developed. The succession rates of open meadows declined as follows: Lupinus -dominated pumice > protected ridge with Lupinus > other pumice and blasted sites > isolated lahar meadows > barren plain. Despite the prominent contrasts between the volcanoes, we found several common themes. Isolation restricted the number of colonists on Surtsey and to a lesser degree on Mount St. Helens. Nutrient input from outside the system was crucial. On Surtsey, seabirds fashioned very fertile substrates, while on Mount St. Helens wind brought a sparse nutrient rain, then Lupinus enhanced fertility to promote succession. Environmental stress limits succession in both cases. On Surtsey, bare lava, compacted tephra and infertile sands restrict development. On Mount St. Helens, exposure to wind and infertility slow succession. Article in Journal/Newspaper Surtsey Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Surtsey ENVELOPE(-20.608,-20.608,63.301,63.301) Biogeosciences 11 7 2099 2111 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 R. del Moral B. Magnússon Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Surtsey and Mount St. Helens are celebrated but very different volcanoes. Permanent plots allow for comparisons that reveal mechanisms that control succession and its rate and suggest general principles. We estimated rates from structure development, species composition using detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), changes in Euclidean distance (ED) of DCA vectors, and by principal components analysis (PCA) of DCA. On Surtsey, rates determined from DCA trajectory analyses decreased as follows: gull colony on lava with sand > gull colony on lava, no sand ≫ lava with sand > sand spit > block lava > tephra. On Mount St. Helens, plots on lahar deposits near woodlands were best developed. The succession rates of open meadows declined as follows: Lupinus -dominated pumice > protected ridge with Lupinus > other pumice and blasted sites > isolated lahar meadows > barren plain. Despite the prominent contrasts between the volcanoes, we found several common themes. Isolation restricted the number of colonists on Surtsey and to a lesser degree on Mount St. Helens. Nutrient input from outside the system was crucial. On Surtsey, seabirds fashioned very fertile substrates, while on Mount St. Helens wind brought a sparse nutrient rain, then Lupinus enhanced fertility to promote succession. Environmental stress limits succession in both cases. On Surtsey, bare lava, compacted tephra and infertile sands restrict development. On Mount St. Helens, exposure to wind and infertility slow succession. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
R. del Moral B. Magnússon |
author_facet |
R. del Moral B. Magnússon |
author_sort |
R. del Moral |
title |
Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates |
title_short |
Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates |
title_full |
Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates |
title_fullStr |
Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates |
title_full_unstemmed |
Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates |
title_sort |
surtsey and mount st. helens: a comparison of early succession rates |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2099-2014 https://doaj.org/article/3e7c12384ec94b519f0ac012027caab5 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-20.608,-20.608,63.301,63.301) |
geographic |
Surtsey |
geographic_facet |
Surtsey |
genre |
Surtsey |
genre_facet |
Surtsey |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 11, Iss 7, Pp 2099-2111 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://www.biogeosciences.net/11/2099/2014/bg-11-2099-2014.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 1726-4170 1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-11-2099-2014 https://doaj.org/article/3e7c12384ec94b519f0ac012027caab5 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2099-2014 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
2099 |
op_container_end_page |
2111 |
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1766212058552991744 |