Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species
Tenacibaculum are frequently detected from fish with tenacibaculosis at aquaculture sites; however, information on the ecology of these bacteria is sparse. Quantitative-PCR assays were used to detect T. maritimum and T. dicentrarchi at commercial Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) netpen sites througho...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3e6aa227720e48e3ab0f9f866b7f6252 2023-05-15T15:31:33+02:00 Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species Joseph P. Nowlan Scott R. Britney John S. Lumsden Spencer Russell 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040414 https://doaj.org/article/3e6aa227720e48e3ab0f9f866b7f6252 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/4/414 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-0817 doi:10.3390/pathogens10040414 2076-0817 https://doaj.org/article/3e6aa227720e48e3ab0f9f866b7f6252 Pathogens, Vol 10, Iss 414, p 414 (2021) Tenacibaculum Tenacibaculum maritimum Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi tenacibaculosis mouthrot qPCR Medicine R article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040414 2022-12-30T20:26:13Z Tenacibaculum are frequently detected from fish with tenacibaculosis at aquaculture sites; however, information on the ecology of these bacteria is sparse. Quantitative-PCR assays were used to detect T. maritimum and T. dicentrarchi at commercial Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) netpen sites throughout several tenacibaculosis outbreaks. T. dicentrarchi and T. maritimum were identified in live fish, dead fish, other organisms associated with netpens, water samples and on inanimate substrates, which indicates a ubiquitous distribution around stocked netpen sites. Before an outbreak, T. dicentrarchi was found throughout the environment and from fish, and T. maritimum was infrequently identified. During an outbreak, increases in the bacterial load in were recorded and no differences were recorded after an outbreak supporting the observed recrudescence of mouthrot. More bacteria were recorded in the summer months, with more mortality events and antibiotic treatments, indicating that seasonality may influence tenacibaculosis; however, outbreaks occurred in both seasons. Relationships were identified between fish mortalities and antimicrobial use to water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen) ( p < 0.05), but with low R 2 values (<0.25), other variables are also involved. Furthermore, Tenacibaculum species appear to have a ubiquitous spatial and temporal distribution around stocked netpen sites, and with the potential to induce disease in Atlantic salmon, continued research is needed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Canada British Columbia ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) Pathogens 10 4 414 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Tenacibaculum Tenacibaculum maritimum Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi tenacibaculosis mouthrot qPCR Medicine R |
spellingShingle |
Tenacibaculum Tenacibaculum maritimum Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi tenacibaculosis mouthrot qPCR Medicine R Joseph P. Nowlan Scott R. Britney John S. Lumsden Spencer Russell Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
topic_facet |
Tenacibaculum Tenacibaculum maritimum Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi tenacibaculosis mouthrot qPCR Medicine R |
description |
Tenacibaculum are frequently detected from fish with tenacibaculosis at aquaculture sites; however, information on the ecology of these bacteria is sparse. Quantitative-PCR assays were used to detect T. maritimum and T. dicentrarchi at commercial Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) netpen sites throughout several tenacibaculosis outbreaks. T. dicentrarchi and T. maritimum were identified in live fish, dead fish, other organisms associated with netpens, water samples and on inanimate substrates, which indicates a ubiquitous distribution around stocked netpen sites. Before an outbreak, T. dicentrarchi was found throughout the environment and from fish, and T. maritimum was infrequently identified. During an outbreak, increases in the bacterial load in were recorded and no differences were recorded after an outbreak supporting the observed recrudescence of mouthrot. More bacteria were recorded in the summer months, with more mortality events and antibiotic treatments, indicating that seasonality may influence tenacibaculosis; however, outbreaks occurred in both seasons. Relationships were identified between fish mortalities and antimicrobial use to water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen) ( p < 0.05), but with low R 2 values (<0.25), other variables are also involved. Furthermore, Tenacibaculum species appear to have a ubiquitous spatial and temporal distribution around stocked netpen sites, and with the potential to induce disease in Atlantic salmon, continued research is needed. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Joseph P. Nowlan Scott R. Britney John S. Lumsden Spencer Russell |
author_facet |
Joseph P. Nowlan Scott R. Britney John S. Lumsden Spencer Russell |
author_sort |
Joseph P. Nowlan |
title |
Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
title_short |
Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
title_full |
Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
title_fullStr |
Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
title_full_unstemmed |
Application of Quantitative-PCR to Monitor Netpen Sites in British Columbia (Canada) for Tenacibaculum Species |
title_sort |
application of quantitative-pcr to monitor netpen sites in british columbia (canada) for tenacibaculum species |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040414 https://doaj.org/article/3e6aa227720e48e3ab0f9f866b7f6252 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) |
geographic |
Canada British Columbia |
geographic_facet |
Canada British Columbia |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Pathogens, Vol 10, Iss 414, p 414 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/4/414 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-0817 doi:10.3390/pathogens10040414 2076-0817 https://doaj.org/article/3e6aa227720e48e3ab0f9f866b7f6252 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040414 |
container_title |
Pathogens |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
414 |
_version_ |
1766362080353452032 |