Better late than never? Interannual and seasonal variability in breeding chronology of gentoo penguins at Stranger Point, Antarctica

• Published in: Polar Research
• Main Authors: Mariana A. Juáres, M. Mercedes Santos, Javier Negrete, M. Rita Santos, Jorge A. Mennucci, Emilce Rombolá, Lucrecia Longarzo, Néstor R. Coria, Alejandro R. Carlini
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Norwegian Polar Institute 2013
• Subjects: Antarctica; breeding delay; breeding phenology; snow; Pygoscelis papua; Euphausia superba; Environmental sciences; GE1-350; Oceanography; GC1-1581; Antarctic; Antarctic Peninsula; King George Island; 25 de Mayo; isla 25 de Mayo; Stranger Point; Antarc*; Gentoo penguin; Isla 25 de Mayo; Polar Research
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.18448; https://doaj.org/article/3e0384c6f8d84eeda021fa382f5349dd

Rapid climate change recorded in the western Antarctic Peninsula confronts species with less predictable conditions in the marine and terrestrial environments. We analysed the breeding chronology and nesting site selection of gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) at King George Island (Isla 25 de Mayo), Antarctica, during four seasons in which differences in snow presence and persistence on the ground were observed. We recorded an overall delay as well as seasonal asynchrony at the beginning of reproduction for those years with higher snow deposition. A redistribution of breeding groups was also observed. Nevertheless, the population breeding success and chicks’ weight at fledging remained relatively constant, despite the delay in breeding chronology, the increased duration of foraging trips during the guard stage and the decreased weight of stomach contents during the crèche stage. We suggest that the plasticity of their trophic biology, along with the flexibility of their breeding phenology and relocation of breeding groups, may be complementary reasons why gentoo penguin populations in the region have remained stable in spite of the changing conditions currently registered.