A Multiplex PCR Assay Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis for the Simultaneous Identification of Atlantic Cod, Pacific Cod, Blue Whiting, Haddock, and Alaska Pollock
With an increased consumption of seafood products, food fraud with fish resources has been continuously reported. In particular, codfish has been exploited worldwide as a processed product in fresh, frozen, smoked, canned, or ready-to-eat dish forms. However, it is challenging to identify processed...
Published in: | Foods |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10112631 https://doaj.org/article/3dc86a390f5a4fb0a8a2dde21652f7ab |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3dc86a390f5a4fb0a8a2dde21652f7ab |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3dc86a390f5a4fb0a8a2dde21652f7ab 2023-05-15T13:09:21+02:00 A Multiplex PCR Assay Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis for the Simultaneous Identification of Atlantic Cod, Pacific Cod, Blue Whiting, Haddock, and Alaska Pollock Yu-Min Lee Shinyoung Lee Hae-Yeong Kim 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10112631 https://doaj.org/article/3dc86a390f5a4fb0a8a2dde21652f7ab EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2631 https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158 doi:10.3390/foods10112631 2304-8158 https://doaj.org/article/3dc86a390f5a4fb0a8a2dde21652f7ab Foods, Vol 10, Iss 2631, p 2631 (2021) cod multiplex PCR species identification capillary electrophoresis Chemical technology TP1-1185 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10112631 2022-12-31T05:21:07Z With an increased consumption of seafood products, food fraud with fish resources has been continuously reported. In particular, codfish has been exploited worldwide as a processed product in fresh, frozen, smoked, canned, or ready-to-eat dish forms. However, it is challenging to identify processed fish products after processing because of their similar morphological characteristics. Substitution and mislabeling of codfish among different species are also happening deliberately or unintentionally. Thus, it is necessary to distinguish cod species to prevent fish adulteration and food fraud. In this study, we developed a multiplex PCR for simultaneously identifying five cod species within Gadidae using capillary electrophoresis. Then, their species-specific primer sets were designed by targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Subsequently, the amplicon sizes obtained were 237 bp, 204 bp, 164 bp, 138 bp, and 98 bp for Atlantic cod, Pacific cod, blue whiting, haddock, and Alaska pollock, respectively. The specificity of each primer was further tested using 19 fish species, and no cross-reactivity was observed. The limit of detection of this multiplex PCR assay was 1 pg. The developed multiplex PCR assay can be applied to 40 commercial food products successfully. This detection method will be efficient for managing seafood authentication by simultaneously analyzing multiple cod species. Article in Journal/Newspaper alaska pollock atlantic cod Alaska Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Foods 10 11 2631 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
cod multiplex PCR species identification capillary electrophoresis Chemical technology TP1-1185 |
spellingShingle |
cod multiplex PCR species identification capillary electrophoresis Chemical technology TP1-1185 Yu-Min Lee Shinyoung Lee Hae-Yeong Kim A Multiplex PCR Assay Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis for the Simultaneous Identification of Atlantic Cod, Pacific Cod, Blue Whiting, Haddock, and Alaska Pollock |
topic_facet |
cod multiplex PCR species identification capillary electrophoresis Chemical technology TP1-1185 |
description |
With an increased consumption of seafood products, food fraud with fish resources has been continuously reported. In particular, codfish has been exploited worldwide as a processed product in fresh, frozen, smoked, canned, or ready-to-eat dish forms. However, it is challenging to identify processed fish products after processing because of their similar morphological characteristics. Substitution and mislabeling of codfish among different species are also happening deliberately or unintentionally. Thus, it is necessary to distinguish cod species to prevent fish adulteration and food fraud. In this study, we developed a multiplex PCR for simultaneously identifying five cod species within Gadidae using capillary electrophoresis. Then, their species-specific primer sets were designed by targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Subsequently, the amplicon sizes obtained were 237 bp, 204 bp, 164 bp, 138 bp, and 98 bp for Atlantic cod, Pacific cod, blue whiting, haddock, and Alaska pollock, respectively. The specificity of each primer was further tested using 19 fish species, and no cross-reactivity was observed. The limit of detection of this multiplex PCR assay was 1 pg. The developed multiplex PCR assay can be applied to 40 commercial food products successfully. This detection method will be efficient for managing seafood authentication by simultaneously analyzing multiple cod species. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yu-Min Lee Shinyoung Lee Hae-Yeong Kim |
author_facet |
Yu-Min Lee Shinyoung Lee Hae-Yeong Kim |
author_sort |
Yu-Min Lee |
title |
A Multiplex PCR Assay Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis for the Simultaneous Identification of Atlantic Cod, Pacific Cod, Blue Whiting, Haddock, and Alaska Pollock |
title_short |
A Multiplex PCR Assay Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis for the Simultaneous Identification of Atlantic Cod, Pacific Cod, Blue Whiting, Haddock, and Alaska Pollock |
title_full |
A Multiplex PCR Assay Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis for the Simultaneous Identification of Atlantic Cod, Pacific Cod, Blue Whiting, Haddock, and Alaska Pollock |
title_fullStr |
A Multiplex PCR Assay Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis for the Simultaneous Identification of Atlantic Cod, Pacific Cod, Blue Whiting, Haddock, and Alaska Pollock |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Multiplex PCR Assay Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis for the Simultaneous Identification of Atlantic Cod, Pacific Cod, Blue Whiting, Haddock, and Alaska Pollock |
title_sort |
multiplex pcr assay combined with capillary electrophoresis for the simultaneous identification of atlantic cod, pacific cod, blue whiting, haddock, and alaska pollock |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10112631 https://doaj.org/article/3dc86a390f5a4fb0a8a2dde21652f7ab |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
alaska pollock atlantic cod Alaska |
genre_facet |
alaska pollock atlantic cod Alaska |
op_source |
Foods, Vol 10, Iss 2631, p 2631 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2631 https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158 doi:10.3390/foods10112631 2304-8158 https://doaj.org/article/3dc86a390f5a4fb0a8a2dde21652f7ab |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10112631 |
container_title |
Foods |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
2631 |
_version_ |
1766173890139127808 |