Refugial origin and postglacial colonization of holarctic reindeer and caribou
The classification and colonization of reindeer and caribou (Rangifer tarandus) was assessed from analysis of both proteins, nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA. I demonstrate that the current subspecies designations are not compatible with the differentiation at these markers, suggesting that the mor...
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Septentrio Academic Publishing
2005
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3dbd3c1caf4d4c3db005abcc1346ce1e 2023-05-15T15:16:30+02:00 Refugial origin and postglacial colonization of holarctic reindeer and caribou Knut H. Røed 2005-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.7557/2.25.1.334 https://doaj.org/article/3dbd3c1caf4d4c3db005abcc1346ce1e EN eng Septentrio Academic Publishing https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/rangifer/article/view/334 https://doaj.org/toc/1890-6729 doi:10.7557/2.25.1.334 1890-6729 https://doaj.org/article/3dbd3c1caf4d4c3db005abcc1346ce1e Rangifer, Vol 25, Iss 1 (2005) interglacial refugia microsatellites mitochondriel DNA phylogeography recolonization transferrin Animal culture SF1-1100 article 2005 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.7557/2.25.1.334 2022-12-31T01:42:23Z The classification and colonization of reindeer and caribou (Rangifer tarandus) was assessed from analysis of both proteins, nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA. I demonstrate that the current subspecies designations are not compatible with the differentiation at these markers, suggesting that the morphological differences among extant subspecies did not evolve in separate glacial refugia. Thus, morphological differences among extant subspecies probably evolved as adaptive responses to post-glacial environmental changes. An exception to this is the North American woodland caribou, where all three marker systems support a subspecies-specific refugium as the ancestral origin of these animals. Three major mtDNA haplogroups reported, represent three separate origins of the species during the last glaciation. The most influential origin has contributed to the gene pool of all extant subspecies, suggesting the existence of a large and continuous glacial population ranging across extensive areas of tundra in Eurasia and Beringia. The North American tundra forms (R.t. granti and groenlandicus) and the arctic forms (R.t platyrhynchus, R.t pearyi and R.t eogroenlandicus) almost exclusively comprise haplotypes of such an origin. Another small and isolated refugium seems to have arisen in western Eurasia in close connection to the extensive ice sheet that covered Fennoscandia. The two Eurasian subspecies R.t. tarandus and R.t. fennicus appear to have a diphyletic origin as both the putatively small and isolated Eurasian refugium and the large Beringia refugium have contributed to their gene pools. A third distinct and geographically well-defined refugial area was probably located south to the extensive North American continental ice sheet from where the ancestors of the present North American woodland caribou (R.t. caribou) likely originated. Abstract in Norwegian / Sammendrag: Systematisk inndeling og kolonisering av rein (Rangifer tarandus) ble bestemt ved å analysere for variasjon i genetiske markører som proteiner, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic caribou Fennoscandia Ice Sheet Rangifer Rangifer tarandus Tundra Beringia Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Rangifer 25 1 19 30 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
interglacial refugia microsatellites mitochondriel DNA phylogeography recolonization transferrin Animal culture SF1-1100 |
spellingShingle |
interglacial refugia microsatellites mitochondriel DNA phylogeography recolonization transferrin Animal culture SF1-1100 Knut H. Røed Refugial origin and postglacial colonization of holarctic reindeer and caribou |
topic_facet |
interglacial refugia microsatellites mitochondriel DNA phylogeography recolonization transferrin Animal culture SF1-1100 |
description |
The classification and colonization of reindeer and caribou (Rangifer tarandus) was assessed from analysis of both proteins, nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA. I demonstrate that the current subspecies designations are not compatible with the differentiation at these markers, suggesting that the morphological differences among extant subspecies did not evolve in separate glacial refugia. Thus, morphological differences among extant subspecies probably evolved as adaptive responses to post-glacial environmental changes. An exception to this is the North American woodland caribou, where all three marker systems support a subspecies-specific refugium as the ancestral origin of these animals. Three major mtDNA haplogroups reported, represent three separate origins of the species during the last glaciation. The most influential origin has contributed to the gene pool of all extant subspecies, suggesting the existence of a large and continuous glacial population ranging across extensive areas of tundra in Eurasia and Beringia. The North American tundra forms (R.t. granti and groenlandicus) and the arctic forms (R.t platyrhynchus, R.t pearyi and R.t eogroenlandicus) almost exclusively comprise haplotypes of such an origin. Another small and isolated refugium seems to have arisen in western Eurasia in close connection to the extensive ice sheet that covered Fennoscandia. The two Eurasian subspecies R.t. tarandus and R.t. fennicus appear to have a diphyletic origin as both the putatively small and isolated Eurasian refugium and the large Beringia refugium have contributed to their gene pools. A third distinct and geographically well-defined refugial area was probably located south to the extensive North American continental ice sheet from where the ancestors of the present North American woodland caribou (R.t. caribou) likely originated. Abstract in Norwegian / Sammendrag: Systematisk inndeling og kolonisering av rein (Rangifer tarandus) ble bestemt ved å analysere for variasjon i genetiske markører som proteiner, ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Knut H. Røed |
author_facet |
Knut H. Røed |
author_sort |
Knut H. Røed |
title |
Refugial origin and postglacial colonization of holarctic reindeer and caribou |
title_short |
Refugial origin and postglacial colonization of holarctic reindeer and caribou |
title_full |
Refugial origin and postglacial colonization of holarctic reindeer and caribou |
title_fullStr |
Refugial origin and postglacial colonization of holarctic reindeer and caribou |
title_full_unstemmed |
Refugial origin and postglacial colonization of holarctic reindeer and caribou |
title_sort |
refugial origin and postglacial colonization of holarctic reindeer and caribou |
publisher |
Septentrio Academic Publishing |
publishDate |
2005 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.7557/2.25.1.334 https://doaj.org/article/3dbd3c1caf4d4c3db005abcc1346ce1e |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic caribou Fennoscandia Ice Sheet Rangifer Rangifer tarandus Tundra Beringia |
genre_facet |
Arctic caribou Fennoscandia Ice Sheet Rangifer Rangifer tarandus Tundra Beringia |
op_source |
Rangifer, Vol 25, Iss 1 (2005) |
op_relation |
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/rangifer/article/view/334 https://doaj.org/toc/1890-6729 doi:10.7557/2.25.1.334 1890-6729 https://doaj.org/article/3dbd3c1caf4d4c3db005abcc1346ce1e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7557/2.25.1.334 |
container_title |
Rangifer |
container_volume |
25 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
19 |
op_container_end_page |
30 |
_version_ |
1766346794790289408 |