A longitudinal study of amoebic gill disease on a marine Atlantic salmon farm utilising a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Neoparamoeba perurans
Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is a proliferative gill disease of marine cultured Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, with the free-living protozoan Neoparamoeba perurans being the primary aetiological agent. The increased incidence of AGD in recent years presents a significant challenge to the Atlantic salmon...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3d0de2aaf55947558a42559098479a1a 2023-05-15T15:29:57+02:00 A longitudinal study of amoebic gill disease on a marine Atlantic salmon farm utilising a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Neoparamoeba perurans JK Downes K Henshilwood EM Collins A Ryan I O’Connor HD Rodger E MacCarthy NM Ruane 2015-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00150 https://doaj.org/article/3d0de2aaf55947558a42559098479a1a EN eng Inter-Research https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v7/n3/p239-251/ https://doaj.org/toc/1869-215X https://doaj.org/toc/1869-7534 1869-215X 1869-7534 doi:10.3354/aei00150 https://doaj.org/article/3d0de2aaf55947558a42559098479a1a Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol 7, Iss 3, Pp 239-251 (2015) Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00150 2022-12-31T09:07:01Z Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is a proliferative gill disease of marine cultured Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, with the free-living protozoan Neoparamoeba perurans being the primary aetiological agent. The increased incidence of AGD in recent years presents a significant challenge to the Atlantic salmon farming industry in Europe. In this study, a real-time TaqMan® PCR assay was developed and validated to detect Neoparamoeba perurans on Atlantic salmon gills and further used to monitor disease progression on a marine Atlantic salmon farm in Ireland in conjunction with gross gill pathology and histopathology. The assay proved specific for N. perurans, with no cross-reactivity with the related species N. pemaquidensis, N. branchiphila or N. aestuarina, and was capable of detecting 2.68 copies of N. perurans DNA µl-1. Although the parasite was detected throughout the 18 mo period of this study, mortality peaks associated with clinical AGD were only recorded during the first 12 mo of the marine phase of the production cycle. The initial AGD outbreak resulted in peak mortality in Week 17, which was preceded by PCR detections from Week 13 onwards. Freshwater treatments were an effective method for controlling the disease, resulting in a reduction in the weekly mortality levels and also a reduction in the number of PCR-positive fish. In comparison to traditional diagnostic methods, our PCR assay proved to be highly sensitive and a valuable tool to monitor disease progression and, therefore, has the potential to provide information on the timing and effectiveness of treatments. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Aquaculture Environment Interactions 7 3 239 251 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 JK Downes K Henshilwood EM Collins A Ryan I O’Connor HD Rodger E MacCarthy NM Ruane A longitudinal study of amoebic gill disease on a marine Atlantic salmon farm utilising a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Neoparamoeba perurans |
topic_facet |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is a proliferative gill disease of marine cultured Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, with the free-living protozoan Neoparamoeba perurans being the primary aetiological agent. The increased incidence of AGD in recent years presents a significant challenge to the Atlantic salmon farming industry in Europe. In this study, a real-time TaqMan® PCR assay was developed and validated to detect Neoparamoeba perurans on Atlantic salmon gills and further used to monitor disease progression on a marine Atlantic salmon farm in Ireland in conjunction with gross gill pathology and histopathology. The assay proved specific for N. perurans, with no cross-reactivity with the related species N. pemaquidensis, N. branchiphila or N. aestuarina, and was capable of detecting 2.68 copies of N. perurans DNA µl-1. Although the parasite was detected throughout the 18 mo period of this study, mortality peaks associated with clinical AGD were only recorded during the first 12 mo of the marine phase of the production cycle. The initial AGD outbreak resulted in peak mortality in Week 17, which was preceded by PCR detections from Week 13 onwards. Freshwater treatments were an effective method for controlling the disease, resulting in a reduction in the weekly mortality levels and also a reduction in the number of PCR-positive fish. In comparison to traditional diagnostic methods, our PCR assay proved to be highly sensitive and a valuable tool to monitor disease progression and, therefore, has the potential to provide information on the timing and effectiveness of treatments. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
JK Downes K Henshilwood EM Collins A Ryan I O’Connor HD Rodger E MacCarthy NM Ruane |
author_facet |
JK Downes K Henshilwood EM Collins A Ryan I O’Connor HD Rodger E MacCarthy NM Ruane |
author_sort |
JK Downes |
title |
A longitudinal study of amoebic gill disease on a marine Atlantic salmon farm utilising a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Neoparamoeba perurans |
title_short |
A longitudinal study of amoebic gill disease on a marine Atlantic salmon farm utilising a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Neoparamoeba perurans |
title_full |
A longitudinal study of amoebic gill disease on a marine Atlantic salmon farm utilising a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Neoparamoeba perurans |
title_fullStr |
A longitudinal study of amoebic gill disease on a marine Atlantic salmon farm utilising a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Neoparamoeba perurans |
title_full_unstemmed |
A longitudinal study of amoebic gill disease on a marine Atlantic salmon farm utilising a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Neoparamoeba perurans |
title_sort |
longitudinal study of amoebic gill disease on a marine atlantic salmon farm utilising a real-time pcr assay for the detection of neoparamoeba perurans |
publisher |
Inter-Research |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00150 https://doaj.org/article/3d0de2aaf55947558a42559098479a1a |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol 7, Iss 3, Pp 239-251 (2015) |
op_relation |
https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v7/n3/p239-251/ https://doaj.org/toc/1869-215X https://doaj.org/toc/1869-7534 1869-215X 1869-7534 doi:10.3354/aei00150 https://doaj.org/article/3d0de2aaf55947558a42559098479a1a |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00150 |
container_title |
Aquaculture Environment Interactions |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
239 |
op_container_end_page |
251 |
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1766360406376316928 |