Modelling the L-Band Snow-Covered Surface Emission in a Winter Canadian Prairie Environment
Detailed angular ground-based L-band brightness temperature (TB) measurements over snow covered frozen soil in a prairie environment were used to parameterize and evaluate an electromagnetic model, the Wave Approach for LOw-frequency MIcrowave emission in Snow (WALOMIS), for seasonal snow. WALOMIS,...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3c67064212f8476e9c079399e3cfff9d 2023-05-15T13:52:51+02:00 Modelling the L-Band Snow-Covered Surface Emission in a Winter Canadian Prairie Environment Alexandre Roy Marion Leduc-Leballeur Ghislain Picard Alain Royer Peter Toose Chris Derksen Juha Lemmetyinen Aaron Berg Tracy Rowlandson Mike Schwank 2018-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091451 https://doaj.org/article/3c67064212f8476e9c079399e3cfff9d EN eng MDPI AG http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/9/1451 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs10091451 https://doaj.org/article/3c67064212f8476e9c079399e3cfff9d Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 9, p 1451 (2018) L-band emission snow WALOMIS Frozen soil ground-based radiometer Science Q article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091451 2022-12-31T10:54:25Z Detailed angular ground-based L-band brightness temperature (TB) measurements over snow covered frozen soil in a prairie environment were used to parameterize and evaluate an electromagnetic model, the Wave Approach for LOw-frequency MIcrowave emission in Snow (WALOMIS), for seasonal snow. WALOMIS, initially developed for Antarctic applications, was extended with a soil interface model. A Gaussian noise on snow layer thickness was implemented to account for natural variability and thus improve the TB simulations compared to observations. The model performance was compared with two radiative transfer models, the Dense Media Radiative Transfer-Multi Layer incoherent model (DMRT-ML) and a version of the Microwave Emission Model for Layered Snowpacks (MEMLS) adapted specifically for use at L-band in the original one-layer configuration (LS-MEMLS-1L). Angular radiometer measurements (30°, 40°, 50°, and 60°) were acquired at six snow pits. The root-mean-square error (RMSE) between simulated and measured TB at vertical and horizontal polarizations were similar for the three models, with overall RMSE between 7.2 and 10.5 K. However, WALOMIS and DMRT-ML were able to better reproduce the observed TB at higher incidence angles (50° and 60°) and at horizontal polarization. The similar results obtained between WALOMIS and DMRT-ML suggests that the interference phenomena are weak in the case of shallow seasonal snow despite the presence of visible layers with thicknesses smaller than the wavelength, and the radiative transfer model can thus be used to compute L-band brightness temperature. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Remote Sensing 10 9 1451 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
L-band emission snow WALOMIS Frozen soil ground-based radiometer Science Q |
spellingShingle |
L-band emission snow WALOMIS Frozen soil ground-based radiometer Science Q Alexandre Roy Marion Leduc-Leballeur Ghislain Picard Alain Royer Peter Toose Chris Derksen Juha Lemmetyinen Aaron Berg Tracy Rowlandson Mike Schwank Modelling the L-Band Snow-Covered Surface Emission in a Winter Canadian Prairie Environment |
topic_facet |
L-band emission snow WALOMIS Frozen soil ground-based radiometer Science Q |
description |
Detailed angular ground-based L-band brightness temperature (TB) measurements over snow covered frozen soil in a prairie environment were used to parameterize and evaluate an electromagnetic model, the Wave Approach for LOw-frequency MIcrowave emission in Snow (WALOMIS), for seasonal snow. WALOMIS, initially developed for Antarctic applications, was extended with a soil interface model. A Gaussian noise on snow layer thickness was implemented to account for natural variability and thus improve the TB simulations compared to observations. The model performance was compared with two radiative transfer models, the Dense Media Radiative Transfer-Multi Layer incoherent model (DMRT-ML) and a version of the Microwave Emission Model for Layered Snowpacks (MEMLS) adapted specifically for use at L-band in the original one-layer configuration (LS-MEMLS-1L). Angular radiometer measurements (30°, 40°, 50°, and 60°) were acquired at six snow pits. The root-mean-square error (RMSE) between simulated and measured TB at vertical and horizontal polarizations were similar for the three models, with overall RMSE between 7.2 and 10.5 K. However, WALOMIS and DMRT-ML were able to better reproduce the observed TB at higher incidence angles (50° and 60°) and at horizontal polarization. The similar results obtained between WALOMIS and DMRT-ML suggests that the interference phenomena are weak in the case of shallow seasonal snow despite the presence of visible layers with thicknesses smaller than the wavelength, and the radiative transfer model can thus be used to compute L-band brightness temperature. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Alexandre Roy Marion Leduc-Leballeur Ghislain Picard Alain Royer Peter Toose Chris Derksen Juha Lemmetyinen Aaron Berg Tracy Rowlandson Mike Schwank |
author_facet |
Alexandre Roy Marion Leduc-Leballeur Ghislain Picard Alain Royer Peter Toose Chris Derksen Juha Lemmetyinen Aaron Berg Tracy Rowlandson Mike Schwank |
author_sort |
Alexandre Roy |
title |
Modelling the L-Band Snow-Covered Surface Emission in a Winter Canadian Prairie Environment |
title_short |
Modelling the L-Band Snow-Covered Surface Emission in a Winter Canadian Prairie Environment |
title_full |
Modelling the L-Band Snow-Covered Surface Emission in a Winter Canadian Prairie Environment |
title_fullStr |
Modelling the L-Band Snow-Covered Surface Emission in a Winter Canadian Prairie Environment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modelling the L-Band Snow-Covered Surface Emission in a Winter Canadian Prairie Environment |
title_sort |
modelling the l-band snow-covered surface emission in a winter canadian prairie environment |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091451 https://doaj.org/article/3c67064212f8476e9c079399e3cfff9d |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 9, p 1451 (2018) |
op_relation |
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/9/1451 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs10091451 https://doaj.org/article/3c67064212f8476e9c079399e3cfff9d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091451 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
9 |
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1451 |
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