Quality of public school toilets and the frequency of changing sanitary napkins among students in public secondary schools in the City of Manila, Philippines
Abstract Background In sub-tropical countries, poor menstrual hygiene management has been reported. One cause of poor menstrual hygiene management can be poor quality toilets. However, associations between poor quality toilets and menstrual-related behaviors have been poorly understood. The present...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3c5dda3a5334453d847bc960587733b9 2023-05-15T15:16:09+02:00 Quality of public school toilets and the frequency of changing sanitary napkins among students in public secondary schools in the City of Manila, Philippines Chikako Katsuno Ernesto R. Gregorio Marian Fe Theresa C. Lomboy Daisuke Nonaka Paul Michael R. Hernandez Crystal Amiel M. Estrada Jennel Mae T. Pimentel Rhea Marie Grace C. Bernadas Jun Kobayashi 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-018-0131-8 https://doaj.org/article/3c5dda3a5334453d847bc960587733b9 EN eng BMC http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41182-018-0131-8 https://doaj.org/toc/1349-4147 doi:10.1186/s41182-018-0131-8 1349-4147 https://doaj.org/article/3c5dda3a5334453d847bc960587733b9 Tropical Medicine and Health, Vol 47, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2019) Menstrual hygiene management School health Adolescents Theory of planned behavior The Philippines Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-018-0131-8 2022-12-31T01:15:27Z Abstract Background In sub-tropical countries, poor menstrual hygiene management has been reported. One cause of poor menstrual hygiene management can be poor quality toilets. However, associations between poor quality toilets and menstrual-related behaviors have been poorly understood. The present study aimed to assess the association between the quality of school toilets and the frequency of changing sanitary napkins in school toilet among Filipino students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in six secondary schools of the City of Manila, Philippines, in 2017. A self-administered survey questionnaire with female students collected data on the outcome variable, self-reported daily frequency of changing sanitary napkins in school toilet, and other predictor variables. An observational survey collected data on the main predictor variable, surveyor-rated toilet quality variables. A total of 526 students were included in the analyses. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equation model was used to assess the association between the outcome and predictor variables. Results No significant association was found both between toilet quality and the outcome. Although the association was not significant, the odds ratio (OR) of “sanitary bin is available in toilet” was 2.54 compared to “sanitary bin is not available in toilet.” The results of multivariate analysis showed that participants who reported stronger perceived behavioral control or stronger subjective norm were significantly more likely to change sanitary napkins, compared to those with lower perceived control score or lower subjective norm score, respectively (adjusted OR 2.29, 95% confidence interval 1.24 to 4.25; adjusted OR 2.63, 95% confidence interval 1.45 to 4.76). Conclusions The present study showed that the quality of school toilets was not associated with the frequency of changing sanitary napkins among the studied population. However, it does not mean that the cause-effect relationship was rejected. Further studies involving ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Tropical Medicine and Health 47 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
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Menstrual hygiene management School health Adolescents Theory of planned behavior The Philippines Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
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Menstrual hygiene management School health Adolescents Theory of planned behavior The Philippines Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Chikako Katsuno Ernesto R. Gregorio Marian Fe Theresa C. Lomboy Daisuke Nonaka Paul Michael R. Hernandez Crystal Amiel M. Estrada Jennel Mae T. Pimentel Rhea Marie Grace C. Bernadas Jun Kobayashi Quality of public school toilets and the frequency of changing sanitary napkins among students in public secondary schools in the City of Manila, Philippines |
topic_facet |
Menstrual hygiene management School health Adolescents Theory of planned behavior The Philippines Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
description |
Abstract Background In sub-tropical countries, poor menstrual hygiene management has been reported. One cause of poor menstrual hygiene management can be poor quality toilets. However, associations between poor quality toilets and menstrual-related behaviors have been poorly understood. The present study aimed to assess the association between the quality of school toilets and the frequency of changing sanitary napkins in school toilet among Filipino students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in six secondary schools of the City of Manila, Philippines, in 2017. A self-administered survey questionnaire with female students collected data on the outcome variable, self-reported daily frequency of changing sanitary napkins in school toilet, and other predictor variables. An observational survey collected data on the main predictor variable, surveyor-rated toilet quality variables. A total of 526 students were included in the analyses. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equation model was used to assess the association between the outcome and predictor variables. Results No significant association was found both between toilet quality and the outcome. Although the association was not significant, the odds ratio (OR) of “sanitary bin is available in toilet” was 2.54 compared to “sanitary bin is not available in toilet.” The results of multivariate analysis showed that participants who reported stronger perceived behavioral control or stronger subjective norm were significantly more likely to change sanitary napkins, compared to those with lower perceived control score or lower subjective norm score, respectively (adjusted OR 2.29, 95% confidence interval 1.24 to 4.25; adjusted OR 2.63, 95% confidence interval 1.45 to 4.76). Conclusions The present study showed that the quality of school toilets was not associated with the frequency of changing sanitary napkins among the studied population. However, it does not mean that the cause-effect relationship was rejected. Further studies involving ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Chikako Katsuno Ernesto R. Gregorio Marian Fe Theresa C. Lomboy Daisuke Nonaka Paul Michael R. Hernandez Crystal Amiel M. Estrada Jennel Mae T. Pimentel Rhea Marie Grace C. Bernadas Jun Kobayashi |
author_facet |
Chikako Katsuno Ernesto R. Gregorio Marian Fe Theresa C. Lomboy Daisuke Nonaka Paul Michael R. Hernandez Crystal Amiel M. Estrada Jennel Mae T. Pimentel Rhea Marie Grace C. Bernadas Jun Kobayashi |
author_sort |
Chikako Katsuno |
title |
Quality of public school toilets and the frequency of changing sanitary napkins among students in public secondary schools in the City of Manila, Philippines |
title_short |
Quality of public school toilets and the frequency of changing sanitary napkins among students in public secondary schools in the City of Manila, Philippines |
title_full |
Quality of public school toilets and the frequency of changing sanitary napkins among students in public secondary schools in the City of Manila, Philippines |
title_fullStr |
Quality of public school toilets and the frequency of changing sanitary napkins among students in public secondary schools in the City of Manila, Philippines |
title_full_unstemmed |
Quality of public school toilets and the frequency of changing sanitary napkins among students in public secondary schools in the City of Manila, Philippines |
title_sort |
quality of public school toilets and the frequency of changing sanitary napkins among students in public secondary schools in the city of manila, philippines |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-018-0131-8 https://doaj.org/article/3c5dda3a5334453d847bc960587733b9 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Tropical Medicine and Health, Vol 47, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2019) |
op_relation |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41182-018-0131-8 https://doaj.org/toc/1349-4147 doi:10.1186/s41182-018-0131-8 1349-4147 https://doaj.org/article/3c5dda3a5334453d847bc960587733b9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-018-0131-8 |
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Tropical Medicine and Health |
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47 |
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1 |
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