Amplification of global warming through pH dependence of DMS production simulated with a fully coupled Earth system model
We estimate the additional transient surface warming Δ T s caused by a potential reduction of marine dimethyl sulfide (DMS) production due to ocean acidification under the high-emission scenario RCP8.5 until the year 2200. Since we use a fully coupled Earth system model, our results include a range...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3c5cb24f8868486fa729de0fb10feaa4 2023-05-15T13:57:41+02:00 Amplification of global warming through pH dependence of DMS production simulated with a fully coupled Earth system model J. Schwinger J. Tjiputra N. Goris K. D. Six A. Kirkevåg Ø. Seland C. Heinze T. Ilyina 2017-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3633-2017 https://doaj.org/article/3c5cb24f8868486fa729de0fb10feaa4 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/3633/2017/bg-14-3633-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-14-3633-2017 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/3c5cb24f8868486fa729de0fb10feaa4 Biogeosciences, Vol 14, Pp 3633-3648 (2017) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3633-2017 2022-12-30T21:47:35Z We estimate the additional transient surface warming Δ T s caused by a potential reduction of marine dimethyl sulfide (DMS) production due to ocean acidification under the high-emission scenario RCP8.5 until the year 2200. Since we use a fully coupled Earth system model, our results include a range of feedbacks, such as the response of marine DMS production to the additional changes in temperature and sea ice cover. Our results are broadly consistent with the findings of a previous study that employed an offline model set-up. Assuming a medium (strong) sensitivity of DMS production to pH, we find an additional transient global warming of 0.30 K (0.47 K) towards the end of the 22nd century when DMS emissions are reduced by 7.3 Tg S yr −1 or 31 % (11.5 Tg S yr −1 or 48 %). The main mechanism behind the additional warming is a reduction of cloud albedo, but a change in shortwave radiative fluxes under clear-sky conditions due to reduced sulfate aerosol load also contributes significantly. We find an approximately linear relationship between reduction of DMS emissions and changes in top of the atmosphere radiative fluxes as well as changes in surface temperature for the range of DMS emissions considered here. For example, global average T s changes by −0. 041 K per 1 Tg S yr −1 change in sea–air DMS fluxes. The additional warming in our model has a pronounced asymmetry between northern and southern high latitudes. It is largest over the Antarctic continent, where the additional temperature increase of 0.56 K (0.89 K) is almost twice the global average. We find that feedbacks are small on the global scale due to opposing regional contributions. The most pronounced feedback is found for the Southern Ocean, where we estimate that the additional climate change enhances sea–air DMS fluxes by about 9 % (15 %), which counteracts the reduction due to ocean acidification. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Ocean acidification Sea ice Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Biogeosciences 14 15 3633 3648 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 J. Schwinger J. Tjiputra N. Goris K. D. Six A. Kirkevåg Ø. Seland C. Heinze T. Ilyina Amplification of global warming through pH dependence of DMS production simulated with a fully coupled Earth system model |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
We estimate the additional transient surface warming Δ T s caused by a potential reduction of marine dimethyl sulfide (DMS) production due to ocean acidification under the high-emission scenario RCP8.5 until the year 2200. Since we use a fully coupled Earth system model, our results include a range of feedbacks, such as the response of marine DMS production to the additional changes in temperature and sea ice cover. Our results are broadly consistent with the findings of a previous study that employed an offline model set-up. Assuming a medium (strong) sensitivity of DMS production to pH, we find an additional transient global warming of 0.30 K (0.47 K) towards the end of the 22nd century when DMS emissions are reduced by 7.3 Tg S yr −1 or 31 % (11.5 Tg S yr −1 or 48 %). The main mechanism behind the additional warming is a reduction of cloud albedo, but a change in shortwave radiative fluxes under clear-sky conditions due to reduced sulfate aerosol load also contributes significantly. We find an approximately linear relationship between reduction of DMS emissions and changes in top of the atmosphere radiative fluxes as well as changes in surface temperature for the range of DMS emissions considered here. For example, global average T s changes by −0. 041 K per 1 Tg S yr −1 change in sea–air DMS fluxes. The additional warming in our model has a pronounced asymmetry between northern and southern high latitudes. It is largest over the Antarctic continent, where the additional temperature increase of 0.56 K (0.89 K) is almost twice the global average. We find that feedbacks are small on the global scale due to opposing regional contributions. The most pronounced feedback is found for the Southern Ocean, where we estimate that the additional climate change enhances sea–air DMS fluxes by about 9 % (15 %), which counteracts the reduction due to ocean acidification. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
J. Schwinger J. Tjiputra N. Goris K. D. Six A. Kirkevåg Ø. Seland C. Heinze T. Ilyina |
author_facet |
J. Schwinger J. Tjiputra N. Goris K. D. Six A. Kirkevåg Ø. Seland C. Heinze T. Ilyina |
author_sort |
J. Schwinger |
title |
Amplification of global warming through pH dependence of DMS production simulated with a fully coupled Earth system model |
title_short |
Amplification of global warming through pH dependence of DMS production simulated with a fully coupled Earth system model |
title_full |
Amplification of global warming through pH dependence of DMS production simulated with a fully coupled Earth system model |
title_fullStr |
Amplification of global warming through pH dependence of DMS production simulated with a fully coupled Earth system model |
title_full_unstemmed |
Amplification of global warming through pH dependence of DMS production simulated with a fully coupled Earth system model |
title_sort |
amplification of global warming through ph dependence of dms production simulated with a fully coupled earth system model |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3633-2017 https://doaj.org/article/3c5cb24f8868486fa729de0fb10feaa4 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ocean acidification Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ocean acidification Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 14, Pp 3633-3648 (2017) |
op_relation |
https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/3633/2017/bg-14-3633-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-14-3633-2017 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/3c5cb24f8868486fa729de0fb10feaa4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3633-2017 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
15 |
container_start_page |
3633 |
op_container_end_page |
3648 |
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1766265496028577792 |