Aerosols at the poles: an AeroCom Phase II multi-model evaluation
Atmospheric aerosols from anthropogenic and natural sources reach the polar regions through long-range transport and affect the local radiation balance. Such transport is, however, poorly constrained in present-day global climate models, and few multi-model evaluations of polar anthropogenic aerosol...
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2017
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12197-2017 https://doaj.org/article/39e99803b37141119e44ee40a652a344 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:39e99803b37141119e44ee40a652a344 2023-05-15T13:50:17+02:00 Aerosols at the poles: an AeroCom Phase II multi-model evaluation M. Sand B. H. Samset Y. Balkanski S. Bauer N. Bellouin T. K. Berntsen H. Bian M. Chin T. Diehl R. Easter S. J. Ghan T. Iversen A. Kirkevåg J.-F. Lamarque G. Lin X. Liu G. Luo G. Myhre T. V. Noije J. E. Penner M. Schulz Ø. Seland R. B. Skeie P. Stier T. Takemura K. Tsigaridis F. Yu K. Zhang H. Zhang 2017-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12197-2017 https://doaj.org/article/39e99803b37141119e44ee40a652a344 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/12197/2017/acp-17-12197-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-17-12197-2017 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/39e99803b37141119e44ee40a652a344 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 17, Pp 12197-12218 (2017) Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12197-2017 2022-12-31T16:06:07Z Atmospheric aerosols from anthropogenic and natural sources reach the polar regions through long-range transport and affect the local radiation balance. Such transport is, however, poorly constrained in present-day global climate models, and few multi-model evaluations of polar anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing exist. Here we compare the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 550 nm from simulations with 16 global aerosol models from the AeroCom Phase II model intercomparison project with available observations at both poles. We show that the annual mean multi-model median is representative of the observations in Arctic, but that the intermodel spread is large. We also document the geographical distribution and seasonal cycle of the AOD for the individual aerosol species: black carbon (BC) from fossil fuel and biomass burning, sulfate, organic aerosols (OAs), dust, and sea-salt. For a subset of models that represent nitrate and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs), we document the role of these aerosols at high latitudes. The seasonal dependence of natural and anthropogenic aerosols differs with natural aerosols peaking in winter (sea-salt) and spring (dust), whereas AOD from anthropogenic aerosols peaks in late spring and summer. The models produce a median annual mean AOD of 0.07 in the Arctic (defined here as north of 60° N). The models also predict a noteworthy aerosol transport to the Antarctic (south of 70° S) with a resulting AOD varying between 0.01 and 0.02. The models have estimated the shortwave anthropogenic radiative forcing contributions to the direct aerosol effect (DAE) associated with BC and OA from fossil fuel and biofuel (FF), sulfate, SOAs, nitrate, and biomass burning from BC and OA emissions combined. The Arctic modelled annual mean DAE is slightly negative (−0.12 W m −2 ), dominated by a positive BC FF DAE in spring and a negative sulfate DAE in summer. The Antarctic DAE is governed by BC FF. We perform sensitivity experiments with one of the AeroCom models (GISS modelE) to investigate how ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Arctic black carbon Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17 19 12197 12218 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
spellingShingle |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 M. Sand B. H. Samset Y. Balkanski S. Bauer N. Bellouin T. K. Berntsen H. Bian M. Chin T. Diehl R. Easter S. J. Ghan T. Iversen A. Kirkevåg J.-F. Lamarque G. Lin X. Liu G. Luo G. Myhre T. V. Noije J. E. Penner M. Schulz Ø. Seland R. B. Skeie P. Stier T. Takemura K. Tsigaridis F. Yu K. Zhang H. Zhang Aerosols at the poles: an AeroCom Phase II multi-model evaluation |
topic_facet |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
description |
Atmospheric aerosols from anthropogenic and natural sources reach the polar regions through long-range transport and affect the local radiation balance. Such transport is, however, poorly constrained in present-day global climate models, and few multi-model evaluations of polar anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing exist. Here we compare the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 550 nm from simulations with 16 global aerosol models from the AeroCom Phase II model intercomparison project with available observations at both poles. We show that the annual mean multi-model median is representative of the observations in Arctic, but that the intermodel spread is large. We also document the geographical distribution and seasonal cycle of the AOD for the individual aerosol species: black carbon (BC) from fossil fuel and biomass burning, sulfate, organic aerosols (OAs), dust, and sea-salt. For a subset of models that represent nitrate and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs), we document the role of these aerosols at high latitudes. The seasonal dependence of natural and anthropogenic aerosols differs with natural aerosols peaking in winter (sea-salt) and spring (dust), whereas AOD from anthropogenic aerosols peaks in late spring and summer. The models produce a median annual mean AOD of 0.07 in the Arctic (defined here as north of 60° N). The models also predict a noteworthy aerosol transport to the Antarctic (south of 70° S) with a resulting AOD varying between 0.01 and 0.02. The models have estimated the shortwave anthropogenic radiative forcing contributions to the direct aerosol effect (DAE) associated with BC and OA from fossil fuel and biofuel (FF), sulfate, SOAs, nitrate, and biomass burning from BC and OA emissions combined. The Arctic modelled annual mean DAE is slightly negative (−0.12 W m −2 ), dominated by a positive BC FF DAE in spring and a negative sulfate DAE in summer. The Antarctic DAE is governed by BC FF. We perform sensitivity experiments with one of the AeroCom models (GISS modelE) to investigate how ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
M. Sand B. H. Samset Y. Balkanski S. Bauer N. Bellouin T. K. Berntsen H. Bian M. Chin T. Diehl R. Easter S. J. Ghan T. Iversen A. Kirkevåg J.-F. Lamarque G. Lin X. Liu G. Luo G. Myhre T. V. Noije J. E. Penner M. Schulz Ø. Seland R. B. Skeie P. Stier T. Takemura K. Tsigaridis F. Yu K. Zhang H. Zhang |
author_facet |
M. Sand B. H. Samset Y. Balkanski S. Bauer N. Bellouin T. K. Berntsen H. Bian M. Chin T. Diehl R. Easter S. J. Ghan T. Iversen A. Kirkevåg J.-F. Lamarque G. Lin X. Liu G. Luo G. Myhre T. V. Noije J. E. Penner M. Schulz Ø. Seland R. B. Skeie P. Stier T. Takemura K. Tsigaridis F. Yu K. Zhang H. Zhang |
author_sort |
M. Sand |
title |
Aerosols at the poles: an AeroCom Phase II multi-model evaluation |
title_short |
Aerosols at the poles: an AeroCom Phase II multi-model evaluation |
title_full |
Aerosols at the poles: an AeroCom Phase II multi-model evaluation |
title_fullStr |
Aerosols at the poles: an AeroCom Phase II multi-model evaluation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aerosols at the poles: an AeroCom Phase II multi-model evaluation |
title_sort |
aerosols at the poles: an aerocom phase ii multi-model evaluation |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12197-2017 https://doaj.org/article/39e99803b37141119e44ee40a652a344 |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic black carbon |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic black carbon |
op_source |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 17, Pp 12197-12218 (2017) |
op_relation |
https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/12197/2017/acp-17-12197-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-17-12197-2017 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/39e99803b37141119e44ee40a652a344 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12197-2017 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
19 |
container_start_page |
12197 |
op_container_end_page |
12218 |
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1766253323917197312 |