Zooplankton-Mediated Fluxes in the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic
Zooplankton organisms are a central part of pelagic ecosystems. They feed on all kinds of particulate matter and their egested fecal pellets contribute substantially to the passive sinking flux to depth. Some zooplankton species also conduct diel vertical migrations (DVMs) between the surface layer...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3949cabcba634c19b39f0e41b45a4a18 2023-05-15T17:32:38+02:00 Zooplankton-Mediated Fluxes in the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic Rainer Kiko Peter Brandt Svenja Christiansen Jannik Faustmann Iris Kriest Elizandro Rodrigues Florian Schütte Helena Hauss 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00358 https://doaj.org/article/3949cabcba634c19b39f0e41b45a4a18 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2020.00358/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00358 https://doaj.org/article/3949cabcba634c19b39f0e41b45a4a18 Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 7 (2020) zooplankton tropical Atlantic oxygen minimum zone diel vertical migration biogeochemical fluxes martin curve Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00358 2022-12-31T12:22:22Z Zooplankton organisms are a central part of pelagic ecosystems. They feed on all kinds of particulate matter and their egested fecal pellets contribute substantially to the passive sinking flux to depth. Some zooplankton species also conduct diel vertical migrations (DVMs) between the surface layer (where they feed at nighttime) and midwater depth (where they hide at daytime from predation). These DVMs cause the active export of organic and inorganic matter from the surface layer as zooplankton organisms excrete, defecate, respire, die, and are preyed upon at depth. In the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic (ETNA), the daytime distribution depth of many migrators (300–600 m) coincides with an expanding and intensifying oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). We here assess the day and night-time biomass distribution of mesozooplankton with an equivalent spherical diameter of 0.39–20 mm in three regions of the ETNA, calculate the DVM-mediated fluxes and compare these to particulate matter fluxes and other biogeochemical processes. Integrated mesozooplankton biomass in the ETNA region is about twice as high at a central OMZ location (cOMZ; 11° N, 21° W) compared to the Cape Verde Ocean Observatory (CVOO; 17.6° N, 24.3° W) and an oligotrophic location at 5° N, 23° W (5N). An Intermediate Particle Maximum (IPM) is particularly strong at cOMZ compared to the other regions. This IPM seems to be related to DVM activity. Zooplankton DVM was found to be responsible for about 31–41% of nitrogen loss from the upper 200m of the water column. Gut flux and mortality make up about 31% of particulate matter supply to the 300–600 m depth layer at cOMZ, whereas it makes up about 32% and 41% at CVOO and 5N, respectively. Resident and migrant zooplankton are responsible for about 7–27% of the total oxygen demand at 300–600 m depth. Changes in zooplankton abundance and migration behavior due to decreasing oxygen levels at midwater depth could therefore alter the elemental cycling of oxygen and carbon in the ETNA OMZ and impact the removal of ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Frontiers in Marine Science 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
zooplankton tropical Atlantic oxygen minimum zone diel vertical migration biogeochemical fluxes martin curve Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
zooplankton tropical Atlantic oxygen minimum zone diel vertical migration biogeochemical fluxes martin curve Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Rainer Kiko Peter Brandt Svenja Christiansen Jannik Faustmann Iris Kriest Elizandro Rodrigues Florian Schütte Helena Hauss Zooplankton-Mediated Fluxes in the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic |
topic_facet |
zooplankton tropical Atlantic oxygen minimum zone diel vertical migration biogeochemical fluxes martin curve Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Zooplankton organisms are a central part of pelagic ecosystems. They feed on all kinds of particulate matter and their egested fecal pellets contribute substantially to the passive sinking flux to depth. Some zooplankton species also conduct diel vertical migrations (DVMs) between the surface layer (where they feed at nighttime) and midwater depth (where they hide at daytime from predation). These DVMs cause the active export of organic and inorganic matter from the surface layer as zooplankton organisms excrete, defecate, respire, die, and are preyed upon at depth. In the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic (ETNA), the daytime distribution depth of many migrators (300–600 m) coincides with an expanding and intensifying oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). We here assess the day and night-time biomass distribution of mesozooplankton with an equivalent spherical diameter of 0.39–20 mm in three regions of the ETNA, calculate the DVM-mediated fluxes and compare these to particulate matter fluxes and other biogeochemical processes. Integrated mesozooplankton biomass in the ETNA region is about twice as high at a central OMZ location (cOMZ; 11° N, 21° W) compared to the Cape Verde Ocean Observatory (CVOO; 17.6° N, 24.3° W) and an oligotrophic location at 5° N, 23° W (5N). An Intermediate Particle Maximum (IPM) is particularly strong at cOMZ compared to the other regions. This IPM seems to be related to DVM activity. Zooplankton DVM was found to be responsible for about 31–41% of nitrogen loss from the upper 200m of the water column. Gut flux and mortality make up about 31% of particulate matter supply to the 300–600 m depth layer at cOMZ, whereas it makes up about 32% and 41% at CVOO and 5N, respectively. Resident and migrant zooplankton are responsible for about 7–27% of the total oxygen demand at 300–600 m depth. Changes in zooplankton abundance and migration behavior due to decreasing oxygen levels at midwater depth could therefore alter the elemental cycling of oxygen and carbon in the ETNA OMZ and impact the removal of ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rainer Kiko Peter Brandt Svenja Christiansen Jannik Faustmann Iris Kriest Elizandro Rodrigues Florian Schütte Helena Hauss |
author_facet |
Rainer Kiko Peter Brandt Svenja Christiansen Jannik Faustmann Iris Kriest Elizandro Rodrigues Florian Schütte Helena Hauss |
author_sort |
Rainer Kiko |
title |
Zooplankton-Mediated Fluxes in the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic |
title_short |
Zooplankton-Mediated Fluxes in the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic |
title_full |
Zooplankton-Mediated Fluxes in the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic |
title_fullStr |
Zooplankton-Mediated Fluxes in the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Zooplankton-Mediated Fluxes in the Eastern Tropical North Atlantic |
title_sort |
zooplankton-mediated fluxes in the eastern tropical north atlantic |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00358 https://doaj.org/article/3949cabcba634c19b39f0e41b45a4a18 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 7 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2020.00358/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00358 https://doaj.org/article/3949cabcba634c19b39f0e41b45a4a18 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00358 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
7 |
_version_ |
1766130847215255552 |