Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions
Upwelling and downwelling spectral (320–920 nm) distributions and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) intensities were measured below a first-year land-fast sea ice in a western Greenland fjord with and without a snow cover. Time-series of surface upwelling PAR, downwelling PAR, and under-ice PAR...
Published in: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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MDPI AG
2021
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 https://doaj.org/article/378f1e865fe44ef786e1b0c46e4eb24c |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:378f1e865fe44ef786e1b0c46e4eb24c 2023-05-15T16:28:09+02:00 Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions Lars Chresten Lund-Hansen Michael Bjerg-Nielsen Tanja Stratmann Ian Hawes Brian K. Sorrell 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 https://doaj.org/article/378f1e865fe44ef786e1b0c46e4eb24c EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/8/830 https://doaj.org/toc/2077-1312 doi:10.3390/jmse9080830 2077-1312 https://doaj.org/article/378f1e865fe44ef786e1b0c46e4eb24c Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol 9, Iss 830, p 830 (2021) sea ice upwelling and downwelling irradiances PAR low light adapted ice algae Greenland Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 2022-12-31T10:11:09Z Upwelling and downwelling spectral (320–920 nm) distributions and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) intensities were measured below a first-year land-fast sea ice in a western Greenland fjord with and without a snow cover. Time-series of surface upwelling PAR, downwelling PAR, and under-ice PAR were also obtained. Spectral distributions of upwelling and downwelling irradiances were similar except for reduced intensities in the UV, the red, and NIR parts of the spectrum when the ice was snow-covered. Upwelling PAR amounted to about 10% of downwelling intensities, giving 5.1 µmol photons m −2 s −1 at the bottom of the ice with a snow cover and 8.2 µmol photons m −2 s −1 without. PAR partitioning analyses showed that the upwelling was related to scattering by suspended particles in the water column. A snow melt increased under-ice daily maximum downwelling PAR from 50 to 180 µmol photons m −2 s −1 and overall under-ice PAR of 55 and 198 µmol photons m −2 s −1 with 10% upwelling. It is concluded that upwelling PAR below sea ice might be an important factor regarding sea ice algae photophysiology and performance with a 10% higher PAR; specifically when PAR > E k the light saturation point of the sea ice algae. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland ice algae Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Greenland Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9 8 830 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
sea ice upwelling and downwelling irradiances PAR low light adapted ice algae Greenland Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 |
spellingShingle |
sea ice upwelling and downwelling irradiances PAR low light adapted ice algae Greenland Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 Lars Chresten Lund-Hansen Michael Bjerg-Nielsen Tanja Stratmann Ian Hawes Brian K. Sorrell Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
topic_facet |
sea ice upwelling and downwelling irradiances PAR low light adapted ice algae Greenland Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 |
description |
Upwelling and downwelling spectral (320–920 nm) distributions and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) intensities were measured below a first-year land-fast sea ice in a western Greenland fjord with and without a snow cover. Time-series of surface upwelling PAR, downwelling PAR, and under-ice PAR were also obtained. Spectral distributions of upwelling and downwelling irradiances were similar except for reduced intensities in the UV, the red, and NIR parts of the spectrum when the ice was snow-covered. Upwelling PAR amounted to about 10% of downwelling intensities, giving 5.1 µmol photons m −2 s −1 at the bottom of the ice with a snow cover and 8.2 µmol photons m −2 s −1 without. PAR partitioning analyses showed that the upwelling was related to scattering by suspended particles in the water column. A snow melt increased under-ice daily maximum downwelling PAR from 50 to 180 µmol photons m −2 s −1 and overall under-ice PAR of 55 and 198 µmol photons m −2 s −1 with 10% upwelling. It is concluded that upwelling PAR below sea ice might be an important factor regarding sea ice algae photophysiology and performance with a 10% higher PAR; specifically when PAR > E k the light saturation point of the sea ice algae. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lars Chresten Lund-Hansen Michael Bjerg-Nielsen Tanja Stratmann Ian Hawes Brian K. Sorrell |
author_facet |
Lars Chresten Lund-Hansen Michael Bjerg-Nielsen Tanja Stratmann Ian Hawes Brian K. Sorrell |
author_sort |
Lars Chresten Lund-Hansen |
title |
Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
title_short |
Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
title_full |
Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
title_fullStr |
Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Upwelling Irradiance below Sea Ice—PAR Intensities and Spectral Distributions |
title_sort |
upwelling irradiance below sea ice—par intensities and spectral distributions |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 https://doaj.org/article/378f1e865fe44ef786e1b0c46e4eb24c |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland ice algae Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Greenland ice algae Sea ice |
op_source |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol 9, Iss 830, p 830 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/8/830 https://doaj.org/toc/2077-1312 doi:10.3390/jmse9080830 2077-1312 https://doaj.org/article/378f1e865fe44ef786e1b0c46e4eb24c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080830 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
830 |
_version_ |
1766017767084916736 |