Vector control in a malaria epidemic occurring within a complex emergency situation in Burundi: a case study
Abstract Background African highlands often suffer of devastating malaria epidemics, sometimes in conjunction with complex emergencies, making their control even more difficult. In 2000, Burundian highlands experienced a large malaria outbreak at a time of civil unrest, constant insecurity and nutri...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:36cebdcf45074946a5fbd14a7f7324c9 2023-05-15T15:15:47+02:00 Vector control in a malaria epidemic occurring within a complex emergency situation in Burundi: a case study D'Alessandro Umberto Baza Dismas Reid Tony Maes Peter Van Herp Michel Protopopoff Natacha Van Bortel Wim Coosemans Marc 2007-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-6-93 https://doaj.org/article/36cebdcf45074946a5fbd14a7f7324c9 EN eng BMC http://www.malariajournal.com/content/6/1/93 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-6-93 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/36cebdcf45074946a5fbd14a7f7324c9 Malaria Journal, Vol 6, Iss 1, p 93 (2007) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2007 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-6-93 2022-12-31T02:35:00Z Abstract Background African highlands often suffer of devastating malaria epidemics, sometimes in conjunction with complex emergencies, making their control even more difficult. In 2000, Burundian highlands experienced a large malaria outbreak at a time of civil unrest, constant insecurity and nutritional emergency. Because of suspected high resistance to the first and second line treatments, the provincial health authority and Médecins Sans Frontières (Belgium) decided to implement vector control activities in an attempt to curtail the epidemic. There are few reported interventions of this type to control malaria epidemics in complex emergency contexts. Here, decisions and actions taken to control this epidemic, their impact and the lessons learned from this experience are reported. Case description Twenty nine hills (administrative areas) were selected in collaboration with the provincial health authorities for the vector control interventions combining indoor residual spraying with deltamethrin and insecticide-treated nets. Impact was evaluated by entomological and parasitological surveys. Almost all houses (99%) were sprayed and nets use varied between 48% and 63%. Anopheles indoor resting density was significantly lower in treated as compared to untreated hills, the latter taken as controls. Despite this impact on the vector, malaria prevalence was not significantly lower in treated hills except for people sleeping under a net. Discussion Indoor spraying was feasible and resulted in high coverage despite being a logistically complex intervention in the Burundian context (scattered houses and emergency situation). However, it had little impact on the prevalence of malaria infection, possibly because it was implemented after the epidemic's peak. Nevertheless, after this outbreak the Ministry of Health improved the surveillance system, changed its policy with introduction of effective drugs and implementation of vector control to prevent new malaria epidemics. Conclusion In the absence of effective drugs and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 6 1 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 D'Alessandro Umberto Baza Dismas Reid Tony Maes Peter Van Herp Michel Protopopoff Natacha Van Bortel Wim Coosemans Marc Vector control in a malaria epidemic occurring within a complex emergency situation in Burundi: a case study |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background African highlands often suffer of devastating malaria epidemics, sometimes in conjunction with complex emergencies, making their control even more difficult. In 2000, Burundian highlands experienced a large malaria outbreak at a time of civil unrest, constant insecurity and nutritional emergency. Because of suspected high resistance to the first and second line treatments, the provincial health authority and Médecins Sans Frontières (Belgium) decided to implement vector control activities in an attempt to curtail the epidemic. There are few reported interventions of this type to control malaria epidemics in complex emergency contexts. Here, decisions and actions taken to control this epidemic, their impact and the lessons learned from this experience are reported. Case description Twenty nine hills (administrative areas) were selected in collaboration with the provincial health authorities for the vector control interventions combining indoor residual spraying with deltamethrin and insecticide-treated nets. Impact was evaluated by entomological and parasitological surveys. Almost all houses (99%) were sprayed and nets use varied between 48% and 63%. Anopheles indoor resting density was significantly lower in treated as compared to untreated hills, the latter taken as controls. Despite this impact on the vector, malaria prevalence was not significantly lower in treated hills except for people sleeping under a net. Discussion Indoor spraying was feasible and resulted in high coverage despite being a logistically complex intervention in the Burundian context (scattered houses and emergency situation). However, it had little impact on the prevalence of malaria infection, possibly because it was implemented after the epidemic's peak. Nevertheless, after this outbreak the Ministry of Health improved the surveillance system, changed its policy with introduction of effective drugs and implementation of vector control to prevent new malaria epidemics. Conclusion In the absence of effective drugs and ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
D'Alessandro Umberto Baza Dismas Reid Tony Maes Peter Van Herp Michel Protopopoff Natacha Van Bortel Wim Coosemans Marc |
author_facet |
D'Alessandro Umberto Baza Dismas Reid Tony Maes Peter Van Herp Michel Protopopoff Natacha Van Bortel Wim Coosemans Marc |
author_sort |
D'Alessandro Umberto |
title |
Vector control in a malaria epidemic occurring within a complex emergency situation in Burundi: a case study |
title_short |
Vector control in a malaria epidemic occurring within a complex emergency situation in Burundi: a case study |
title_full |
Vector control in a malaria epidemic occurring within a complex emergency situation in Burundi: a case study |
title_fullStr |
Vector control in a malaria epidemic occurring within a complex emergency situation in Burundi: a case study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Vector control in a malaria epidemic occurring within a complex emergency situation in Burundi: a case study |
title_sort |
vector control in a malaria epidemic occurring within a complex emergency situation in burundi: a case study |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-6-93 https://doaj.org/article/36cebdcf45074946a5fbd14a7f7324c9 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 6, Iss 1, p 93 (2007) |
op_relation |
http://www.malariajournal.com/content/6/1/93 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-6-93 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/36cebdcf45074946a5fbd14a7f7324c9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-6-93 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
6 |
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1 |
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1766346137015418880 |