Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Districts of High and Low Endemicity in Mali.
Historically the western sahelian dry regions of Mali are known to be highly endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania major, while cases are rarely reported from the Southern savanna forest of the country. Here, we report baseline prevalence of CL infection in 3 ecologically dis...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:343588c6eec74a52b602a229201fcafe 2023-05-15T15:16:37+02:00 Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Districts of High and Low Endemicity in Mali. Bourama Traoré Fabiano Oliveira Ousmane Faye Adama Dicko Cheick A Coulibaly Ibrahim M Sissoko Samake Sibiry Nafomon Sogoba Moussa Brema Sangare Yaya I Coulibaly Pierre Traore Sekou F Traore Jennifer M Anderson Somita Keita Jesus G Valenzuela Shaden Kamhawi Seydou Doumbia 2016-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005141 https://doaj.org/article/343588c6eec74a52b602a229201fcafe EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5127506?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005141 https://doaj.org/article/343588c6eec74a52b602a229201fcafe PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 11, p e0005141 (2016) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005141 2022-12-31T14:17:31Z Historically the western sahelian dry regions of Mali are known to be highly endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania major, while cases are rarely reported from the Southern savanna forest of the country. Here, we report baseline prevalence of CL infection in 3 ecologically distinct districts of Mali (dry sahelian, north savanna and southern savanna forest areas). We screened 195 to 250 subjects from 50 to 60 randomly selected households in each of the 6 villages (four from the western sahelian district of Diema in Kayes region, one from the central district of Kolokani and one from the southern savanna district of Kolodieba, region of Sikasso). The screening consisted of: 1] A Leishmanin Skin Test (LST) for detection of exposure to Leishmania parasites; 2] clinical examination of suspected lesions, followed by validation with PCR and 3] finger prick blood sample to determine antibody levels to sand fly saliva. LST positivity was higher in the western district of Diema (49.9%) than in Kolokani (24.9%) and was much lower in Kolondieba (2.6%). LST positivity increased with age rising from 13.8% to 88% in Diema for age groups 2-5 years and 41-65 years, respectively. All eight PCR-confirmed L. major CL cases were diagnosed in subjects below 18 years of age and all were residents of the district of Diema. Exposure to sand fly bites, measured by anti-saliva antibody titers, was comparable in individuals living in all three districts. However, antibody titers were significantly higher in LST positive individuals (P<0.0001). In conclusion, CL transmission remains active in the western region of Mali where lesions were mainly prevalent among children under 18 years old. LST positivity correlated to higher levels of antibodies to sand fly salivary proteins, suggesting their potential as a risk marker for CL acquisition in Mali. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 10 11 e0005141 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Bourama Traoré Fabiano Oliveira Ousmane Faye Adama Dicko Cheick A Coulibaly Ibrahim M Sissoko Samake Sibiry Nafomon Sogoba Moussa Brema Sangare Yaya I Coulibaly Pierre Traore Sekou F Traore Jennifer M Anderson Somita Keita Jesus G Valenzuela Shaden Kamhawi Seydou Doumbia Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Districts of High and Low Endemicity in Mali. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Historically the western sahelian dry regions of Mali are known to be highly endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania major, while cases are rarely reported from the Southern savanna forest of the country. Here, we report baseline prevalence of CL infection in 3 ecologically distinct districts of Mali (dry sahelian, north savanna and southern savanna forest areas). We screened 195 to 250 subjects from 50 to 60 randomly selected households in each of the 6 villages (four from the western sahelian district of Diema in Kayes region, one from the central district of Kolokani and one from the southern savanna district of Kolodieba, region of Sikasso). The screening consisted of: 1] A Leishmanin Skin Test (LST) for detection of exposure to Leishmania parasites; 2] clinical examination of suspected lesions, followed by validation with PCR and 3] finger prick blood sample to determine antibody levels to sand fly saliva. LST positivity was higher in the western district of Diema (49.9%) than in Kolokani (24.9%) and was much lower in Kolondieba (2.6%). LST positivity increased with age rising from 13.8% to 88% in Diema for age groups 2-5 years and 41-65 years, respectively. All eight PCR-confirmed L. major CL cases were diagnosed in subjects below 18 years of age and all were residents of the district of Diema. Exposure to sand fly bites, measured by anti-saliva antibody titers, was comparable in individuals living in all three districts. However, antibody titers were significantly higher in LST positive individuals (P<0.0001). In conclusion, CL transmission remains active in the western region of Mali where lesions were mainly prevalent among children under 18 years old. LST positivity correlated to higher levels of antibodies to sand fly salivary proteins, suggesting their potential as a risk marker for CL acquisition in Mali. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bourama Traoré Fabiano Oliveira Ousmane Faye Adama Dicko Cheick A Coulibaly Ibrahim M Sissoko Samake Sibiry Nafomon Sogoba Moussa Brema Sangare Yaya I Coulibaly Pierre Traore Sekou F Traore Jennifer M Anderson Somita Keita Jesus G Valenzuela Shaden Kamhawi Seydou Doumbia |
author_facet |
Bourama Traoré Fabiano Oliveira Ousmane Faye Adama Dicko Cheick A Coulibaly Ibrahim M Sissoko Samake Sibiry Nafomon Sogoba Moussa Brema Sangare Yaya I Coulibaly Pierre Traore Sekou F Traore Jennifer M Anderson Somita Keita Jesus G Valenzuela Shaden Kamhawi Seydou Doumbia |
author_sort |
Bourama Traoré |
title |
Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Districts of High and Low Endemicity in Mali. |
title_short |
Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Districts of High and Low Endemicity in Mali. |
title_full |
Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Districts of High and Low Endemicity in Mali. |
title_fullStr |
Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Districts of High and Low Endemicity in Mali. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Districts of High and Low Endemicity in Mali. |
title_sort |
prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in districts of high and low endemicity in mali. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005141 https://doaj.org/article/343588c6eec74a52b602a229201fcafe |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 11, p e0005141 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5127506?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005141 https://doaj.org/article/343588c6eec74a52b602a229201fcafe |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005141 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
e0005141 |
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1766346929143283712 |