Impact of water vapor diffusion and latent heat on the effective thermal conductivity of snow
Heat transport in snowpacks is understood to occur through the two processes of heat conduction and latent heat transport carried by water vapor, which are generally treated as decoupled from one another. This paper investigates the coupling between both these processes in snow, with an emphasis on...
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2021
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:331d1f6de4b14a3986f5b423d301e2e6 2023-05-15T18:32:25+02:00 Impact of water vapor diffusion and latent heat on the effective thermal conductivity of snow K. Fourteau F. Domine P. Hagenmuller 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2739-2021 https://doaj.org/article/331d1f6de4b14a3986f5b423d301e2e6 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/2739/2021/tc-15-2739-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-15-2739-2021 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/331d1f6de4b14a3986f5b423d301e2e6 The Cryosphere, Vol 15, Pp 2739-2755 (2021) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2739-2021 2022-12-31T05:42:36Z Heat transport in snowpacks is understood to occur through the two processes of heat conduction and latent heat transport carried by water vapor, which are generally treated as decoupled from one another. This paper investigates the coupling between both these processes in snow, with an emphasis on the impacts of the kinetics of the sublimation and deposition of water vapor onto ice. In the case when kinetics is fast, latent heat exchanges at ice surfaces modify their temperature and therefore the thermal gradient within ice crystals and the heat conduction through the entire microstructure. Furthermore, in this case, the effective thermal conductivity of snow can be expressed by a purely conductive term complemented by a term directly proportional to the effective diffusion coefficient of water vapor in snow, which illustrates the inextricable coupling between heat conduction and water vapor transport. Numerical simulations on measured three-dimensional snow microstructures reveal that the effective thermal conductivity of snow can be significantly larger, by up to about 50 % for low-density snow, than if water vapor transport is neglected. A comparison of our numerical simulations with literature data suggests that the fast kinetics hypothesis could be a reasonable assumption for modeling heat and mass transport in snow. Lastly, we demonstrate that under the fast kinetics hypothesis the effective diffusion coefficient of water vapor is related to the effective thermal conductivity by a simple linear relationship. Under such a condition, the effective diffusion coefficient of water vapor is expected to lie in the narrow 100 % to about 80 % range of the value of the diffusion coefficient of water vapor in air for most seasonal snows. This may greatly facilitate the parameterization of water vapor diffusion of snow in models. Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles The Cryosphere 15 6 2739 2755 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 K. Fourteau F. Domine P. Hagenmuller Impact of water vapor diffusion and latent heat on the effective thermal conductivity of snow |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Heat transport in snowpacks is understood to occur through the two processes of heat conduction and latent heat transport carried by water vapor, which are generally treated as decoupled from one another. This paper investigates the coupling between both these processes in snow, with an emphasis on the impacts of the kinetics of the sublimation and deposition of water vapor onto ice. In the case when kinetics is fast, latent heat exchanges at ice surfaces modify their temperature and therefore the thermal gradient within ice crystals and the heat conduction through the entire microstructure. Furthermore, in this case, the effective thermal conductivity of snow can be expressed by a purely conductive term complemented by a term directly proportional to the effective diffusion coefficient of water vapor in snow, which illustrates the inextricable coupling between heat conduction and water vapor transport. Numerical simulations on measured three-dimensional snow microstructures reveal that the effective thermal conductivity of snow can be significantly larger, by up to about 50 % for low-density snow, than if water vapor transport is neglected. A comparison of our numerical simulations with literature data suggests that the fast kinetics hypothesis could be a reasonable assumption for modeling heat and mass transport in snow. Lastly, we demonstrate that under the fast kinetics hypothesis the effective diffusion coefficient of water vapor is related to the effective thermal conductivity by a simple linear relationship. Under such a condition, the effective diffusion coefficient of water vapor is expected to lie in the narrow 100 % to about 80 % range of the value of the diffusion coefficient of water vapor in air for most seasonal snows. This may greatly facilitate the parameterization of water vapor diffusion of snow in models. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
K. Fourteau F. Domine P. Hagenmuller |
author_facet |
K. Fourteau F. Domine P. Hagenmuller |
author_sort |
K. Fourteau |
title |
Impact of water vapor diffusion and latent heat on the effective thermal conductivity of snow |
title_short |
Impact of water vapor diffusion and latent heat on the effective thermal conductivity of snow |
title_full |
Impact of water vapor diffusion and latent heat on the effective thermal conductivity of snow |
title_fullStr |
Impact of water vapor diffusion and latent heat on the effective thermal conductivity of snow |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of water vapor diffusion and latent heat on the effective thermal conductivity of snow |
title_sort |
impact of water vapor diffusion and latent heat on the effective thermal conductivity of snow |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2739-2021 https://doaj.org/article/331d1f6de4b14a3986f5b423d301e2e6 |
genre |
The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 15, Pp 2739-2755 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/2739/2021/tc-15-2739-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-15-2739-2021 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/331d1f6de4b14a3986f5b423d301e2e6 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2739-2021 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
2739 |
op_container_end_page |
2755 |
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1766216539811348480 |