Impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on tropospheric nitrous oxide during ATom
We measured the global distribution of tropospheric N 2 O mixing ratios during the NASA airborne Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission. ATom measured concentrations of ∼ 300 gas species and aerosol properties in 647 vertical profiles spanning the Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic, and much of the Southern O...
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2021
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11113-2021 https://doaj.org/article/31481aace19749b9945229df648b2b2a |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:31481aace19749b9945229df648b2b2a 2023-05-15T15:16:46+02:00 Impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on tropospheric nitrous oxide during ATom Y. Gonzalez R. Commane E. Manninen B. C. Daube L. D. Schiferl J. B. McManus K. McKain E. J. Hintsa J. W. Elkins S. A. Montzka C. Sweeney F. Moore J. L. Jimenez P. Campuzano Jost T. B. Ryerson I. Bourgeois J. Peischl C. R. Thompson E. Ray P. O. Wennberg J. Crounse M. Kim H. M. Allen P. A. Newman B. B. Stephens E. C. Apel R. S. Hornbrook B. A. Nault E. Morgan S. C. Wofsy 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11113-2021 https://doaj.org/article/31481aace19749b9945229df648b2b2a EN eng Copernicus Publications https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/11113/2021/acp-21-11113-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-21-11113-2021 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/31481aace19749b9945229df648b2b2a Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 21, Pp 11113-11132 (2021) Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11113-2021 2022-12-31T16:33:48Z We measured the global distribution of tropospheric N 2 O mixing ratios during the NASA airborne Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission. ATom measured concentrations of ∼ 300 gas species and aerosol properties in 647 vertical profiles spanning the Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic, and much of the Southern Ocean basins, nearly from pole to pole, over four seasons (2016–2018). We measured N 2 O concentrations at 1 Hz using a quantum cascade laser spectrometer (QCLS). We introduced a new spectral retrieval method to account for the pressure and temperature sensitivity of the instrument when deployed on aircraft. This retrieval strategy improved the precision of our ATom QCLS N 2 O measurements by a factor of three (based on the standard deviation of calibration measurements). Our measurements show that most of the variance of N 2 O mixing ratios in the troposphere is driven by the influence of N 2 O-depleted stratospheric air, especially at mid- and high latitudes. We observe the downward propagation of lower N 2 O mixing ratios (compared to surface stations) that tracks the influence of stratosphere–troposphere exchange through the tropospheric column down to the surface. The highest N 2 O mixing ratios occur close to the Equator, extending through the boundary layer and free troposphere. We observed influences from a complex and diverse mixture of N 2 O sources, with emission source types identified using the rich suite of chemical species measured on ATom and the geographical origin calculated using an atmospheric transport model. Although ATom flights were mostly over the oceans, the most prominent N 2 O enhancements were associated with anthropogenic emissions, including from industry (e.g., oil and gas), urban sources, and biomass burning, especially in the tropical Atlantic outflow from Africa. Enhanced N 2 O mixing ratios are mostly associated with pollution-related tracers arriving from the coastal area of Nigeria. Peaks of N 2 O are often associated with indicators of photochemical processing, suggesting possible ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Atlantic Arctic Atlantic-Arctic Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Southern Ocean Pacific Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21 14 11113 11132 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
spellingShingle |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Y. Gonzalez R. Commane E. Manninen B. C. Daube L. D. Schiferl J. B. McManus K. McKain E. J. Hintsa J. W. Elkins S. A. Montzka C. Sweeney F. Moore J. L. Jimenez P. Campuzano Jost T. B. Ryerson I. Bourgeois J. Peischl C. R. Thompson E. Ray P. O. Wennberg J. Crounse M. Kim H. M. Allen P. A. Newman B. B. Stephens E. C. Apel R. S. Hornbrook B. A. Nault E. Morgan S. C. Wofsy Impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on tropospheric nitrous oxide during ATom |
topic_facet |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
description |
We measured the global distribution of tropospheric N 2 O mixing ratios during the NASA airborne Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission. ATom measured concentrations of ∼ 300 gas species and aerosol properties in 647 vertical profiles spanning the Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic, and much of the Southern Ocean basins, nearly from pole to pole, over four seasons (2016–2018). We measured N 2 O concentrations at 1 Hz using a quantum cascade laser spectrometer (QCLS). We introduced a new spectral retrieval method to account for the pressure and temperature sensitivity of the instrument when deployed on aircraft. This retrieval strategy improved the precision of our ATom QCLS N 2 O measurements by a factor of three (based on the standard deviation of calibration measurements). Our measurements show that most of the variance of N 2 O mixing ratios in the troposphere is driven by the influence of N 2 O-depleted stratospheric air, especially at mid- and high latitudes. We observe the downward propagation of lower N 2 O mixing ratios (compared to surface stations) that tracks the influence of stratosphere–troposphere exchange through the tropospheric column down to the surface. The highest N 2 O mixing ratios occur close to the Equator, extending through the boundary layer and free troposphere. We observed influences from a complex and diverse mixture of N 2 O sources, with emission source types identified using the rich suite of chemical species measured on ATom and the geographical origin calculated using an atmospheric transport model. Although ATom flights were mostly over the oceans, the most prominent N 2 O enhancements were associated with anthropogenic emissions, including from industry (e.g., oil and gas), urban sources, and biomass burning, especially in the tropical Atlantic outflow from Africa. Enhanced N 2 O mixing ratios are mostly associated with pollution-related tracers arriving from the coastal area of Nigeria. Peaks of N 2 O are often associated with indicators of photochemical processing, suggesting possible ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Y. Gonzalez R. Commane E. Manninen B. C. Daube L. D. Schiferl J. B. McManus K. McKain E. J. Hintsa J. W. Elkins S. A. Montzka C. Sweeney F. Moore J. L. Jimenez P. Campuzano Jost T. B. Ryerson I. Bourgeois J. Peischl C. R. Thompson E. Ray P. O. Wennberg J. Crounse M. Kim H. M. Allen P. A. Newman B. B. Stephens E. C. Apel R. S. Hornbrook B. A. Nault E. Morgan S. C. Wofsy |
author_facet |
Y. Gonzalez R. Commane E. Manninen B. C. Daube L. D. Schiferl J. B. McManus K. McKain E. J. Hintsa J. W. Elkins S. A. Montzka C. Sweeney F. Moore J. L. Jimenez P. Campuzano Jost T. B. Ryerson I. Bourgeois J. Peischl C. R. Thompson E. Ray P. O. Wennberg J. Crounse M. Kim H. M. Allen P. A. Newman B. B. Stephens E. C. Apel R. S. Hornbrook B. A. Nault E. Morgan S. C. Wofsy |
author_sort |
Y. Gonzalez |
title |
Impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on tropospheric nitrous oxide during ATom |
title_short |
Impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on tropospheric nitrous oxide during ATom |
title_full |
Impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on tropospheric nitrous oxide during ATom |
title_fullStr |
Impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on tropospheric nitrous oxide during ATom |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on tropospheric nitrous oxide during ATom |
title_sort |
impact of stratospheric air and surface emissions on tropospheric nitrous oxide during atom |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11113-2021 https://doaj.org/article/31481aace19749b9945229df648b2b2a |
geographic |
Arctic Southern Ocean Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Southern Ocean Pacific |
genre |
Arctic Atlantic Arctic Atlantic-Arctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Arctic Atlantic Arctic Atlantic-Arctic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 21, Pp 11113-11132 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/11113/2021/acp-21-11113-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-21-11113-2021 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/31481aace19749b9945229df648b2b2a |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11113-2021 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
21 |
container_issue |
14 |
container_start_page |
11113 |
op_container_end_page |
11132 |
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1766347061851062272 |