Burkholderia pseudomallei infection manifests as mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathy: A case report

• Published in: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
• Main Authors: Qi Li, Qian-Feng Xia, Qiong-Fang Sun, Xiang-Dong Zhou
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2021
• Subjects: endobronchial ultrasound-transbronchial needle aspiration; lymphnode; mediastinum; melioidosis; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.307535; https://doaj.org/article/30fd6f53225446c49a553daad3d173b8

Rationale: This case report presents the diagnosis and etiology of hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy in a male patient. Patient concerns: A 49-year-old man presented with fever and dyspnea after physical exertion. Diagnosis: The patient was diagnosed with melioidosis by cultivation of lymph node aspirate on blood agar using the VITEK 2 compact system. Interventions: The patient was treated with ceftazidime intravenously, combined with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole orally for 1 week. Once the patient was discharged, he began a 12-week course of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Outcomes: The patient recovered after treatment with ceftazidime and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Conclusions: Melioidosis is an infectious disease that mainly occurs in tropical regions. It can cause severe sepsis and pneumonia, and the infection in some patients may become chronic. Endobronchial ultrasound-transbronchial needle aspiration is a useful technique in the diagnosis of patients with hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy.