The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 2: Winter
In this study, we present the winter time surface energy balance at a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia based on independent measurements of the net radiation, the sensible heat flux and the ground heat flux from two winter seasons. The latent heat flux is inferred from measurements of the a...
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2011
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-509-2011 https://doaj.org/article/30acad8a894c4783bac20d2cd88b51f8 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:30acad8a894c4783bac20d2cd88b51f8 2023-05-15T18:32:31+02:00 The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 2: Winter J. Boike K. Piel S. Muster S. Westermann M. Langer 2011-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-509-2011 https://doaj.org/article/30acad8a894c4783bac20d2cd88b51f8 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.the-cryosphere.net/5/509/2011/tc-5-509-2011.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-5-509-2011 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/30acad8a894c4783bac20d2cd88b51f8 The Cryosphere, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp 509-524 (2011) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-509-2011 2022-12-31T16:29:43Z In this study, we present the winter time surface energy balance at a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia based on independent measurements of the net radiation, the sensible heat flux and the ground heat flux from two winter seasons. The latent heat flux is inferred from measurements of the atmospheric turbulence characteristics and a model approach. The long-wave radiation is found to be the dominant factor in the surface energy balance. The radiative losses are balanced to about 60 % by the ground heat flux and almost 40 % by the sensible heat fluxes, whereas the contribution of the latent heat flux is small. The main controlling factors of the surface energy budget are the snow cover, the cloudiness and the soil temperature gradient. Large spatial differences in the surface energy balance are observed between tundra soils and a small pond. The ground heat flux released at a freezing pond is by a factor of two higher compared to the freezing soil, whereas large differences in net radiation between the pond and soil are only observed at the end of the winter period. Differences in the surface energy balance between the two winter seasons are found to be related to differences in snow depth and cloud cover which strongly affect the temperature evolution and the freeze-up at the investigated pond. Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere Tundra Siberia Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles The Cryosphere 5 2 509 524 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 J. Boike K. Piel S. Muster S. Westermann M. Langer The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 2: Winter |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
In this study, we present the winter time surface energy balance at a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia based on independent measurements of the net radiation, the sensible heat flux and the ground heat flux from two winter seasons. The latent heat flux is inferred from measurements of the atmospheric turbulence characteristics and a model approach. The long-wave radiation is found to be the dominant factor in the surface energy balance. The radiative losses are balanced to about 60 % by the ground heat flux and almost 40 % by the sensible heat fluxes, whereas the contribution of the latent heat flux is small. The main controlling factors of the surface energy budget are the snow cover, the cloudiness and the soil temperature gradient. Large spatial differences in the surface energy balance are observed between tundra soils and a small pond. The ground heat flux released at a freezing pond is by a factor of two higher compared to the freezing soil, whereas large differences in net radiation between the pond and soil are only observed at the end of the winter period. Differences in the surface energy balance between the two winter seasons are found to be related to differences in snow depth and cloud cover which strongly affect the temperature evolution and the freeze-up at the investigated pond. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
J. Boike K. Piel S. Muster S. Westermann M. Langer |
author_facet |
J. Boike K. Piel S. Muster S. Westermann M. Langer |
author_sort |
J. Boike |
title |
The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 2: Winter |
title_short |
The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 2: Winter |
title_full |
The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 2: Winter |
title_fullStr |
The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 2: Winter |
title_full_unstemmed |
The surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia – Part 2: Winter |
title_sort |
surface energy balance of a polygonal tundra site in northern siberia – part 2: winter |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-509-2011 https://doaj.org/article/30acad8a894c4783bac20d2cd88b51f8 |
genre |
The Cryosphere Tundra Siberia |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere Tundra Siberia |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp 509-524 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://www.the-cryosphere.net/5/509/2011/tc-5-509-2011.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-5-509-2011 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/30acad8a894c4783bac20d2cd88b51f8 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-509-2011 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
509 |
op_container_end_page |
524 |
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1766216632012636160 |