Distinct Oceanic Microbiomes From Viruses to Protists Located Near the Antarctic Circumpolar Current
Microbes occupy diverse ecological niches and only through recent advances in next generation sequencing technologies have the true microbial diversity been revealed. Furthermore, lack of perceivable marine barriers to genetic dispersal (i.e., mountains or islands) has allowed the speculation that o...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3071bca028624d40ab160b67019d9ea9 2023-05-15T13:49:46+02:00 Distinct Oceanic Microbiomes From Viruses to Protists Located Near the Antarctic Circumpolar Current Flavia Flaviani Declan C. Schroeder Karen Lebret Cecilia Balestreri Andrea C. Highfield Joanna L. Schroeder Sally E. Thorpe Karen Moore Konrad Pasckiewicz Maya C. Pfaff Edward P. Rybicki 2018-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01474 https://doaj.org/article/3071bca028624d40ab160b67019d9ea9 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01474/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01474 https://doaj.org/article/3071bca028624d40ab160b67019d9ea9 Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 9 (2018) Antarctic Polar Front marine microbes eDNA meDNA viruses microbiome Microbiology QR1-502 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01474 2022-12-31T09:23:54Z Microbes occupy diverse ecological niches and only through recent advances in next generation sequencing technologies have the true microbial diversity been revealed. Furthermore, lack of perceivable marine barriers to genetic dispersal (i.e., mountains or islands) has allowed the speculation that organisms that can be easily transported by currents and therefore proliferate everywhere. That said, ocean currents are now commonly being recognized as barriers for microbial dispersal. Here we analyzed samples collected from a total of six stations, four located in the Indian Ocean, and two in the Southern Ocean. Amplicon sequencing was used to characterize both prokaryotic and eukaryotic plankton communities, while shotgun sequencing was used for the combined environmental DNA (eDNA), microbial eDNA (meDNA), and viral fractions. We found that Cyanobacteria dominated the prokaryotic component in the South-West Indian Ocean, while γ-Proteobacteria dominated the South-East Indian Ocean. A combination of γ- and α-Proteobacteria dominated the Southern Ocean. Alveolates dominated almost exclusively the eukaryotic component, with variation in the ratio of Protoalveolata and Dinoflagellata depending on station. However, an increase in haptophyte relative abundance was observed in the Southern Ocean. Similarly, the viral fraction was dominated by members of the order Caudovirales across all stations; however, a higher presence of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (mainly chloroviruses and mimiviruses) was observed in the Southern Ocean. To our knowledge, this is the first that a statistical difference in the microbiome (from viruses to protists) between the subtropical Indian and Southern Oceans. We also show that not all phylotypes can be found everywhere, and that meDNA is not a suitable resource for monitoring aquatic microbial diversity. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Indian Frontiers in Microbiology 9 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Antarctic Polar Front marine microbes eDNA meDNA viruses microbiome Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
Antarctic Polar Front marine microbes eDNA meDNA viruses microbiome Microbiology QR1-502 Flavia Flaviani Declan C. Schroeder Karen Lebret Cecilia Balestreri Andrea C. Highfield Joanna L. Schroeder Sally E. Thorpe Karen Moore Konrad Pasckiewicz Maya C. Pfaff Edward P. Rybicki Distinct Oceanic Microbiomes From Viruses to Protists Located Near the Antarctic Circumpolar Current |
topic_facet |
Antarctic Polar Front marine microbes eDNA meDNA viruses microbiome Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
Microbes occupy diverse ecological niches and only through recent advances in next generation sequencing technologies have the true microbial diversity been revealed. Furthermore, lack of perceivable marine barriers to genetic dispersal (i.e., mountains or islands) has allowed the speculation that organisms that can be easily transported by currents and therefore proliferate everywhere. That said, ocean currents are now commonly being recognized as barriers for microbial dispersal. Here we analyzed samples collected from a total of six stations, four located in the Indian Ocean, and two in the Southern Ocean. Amplicon sequencing was used to characterize both prokaryotic and eukaryotic plankton communities, while shotgun sequencing was used for the combined environmental DNA (eDNA), microbial eDNA (meDNA), and viral fractions. We found that Cyanobacteria dominated the prokaryotic component in the South-West Indian Ocean, while γ-Proteobacteria dominated the South-East Indian Ocean. A combination of γ- and α-Proteobacteria dominated the Southern Ocean. Alveolates dominated almost exclusively the eukaryotic component, with variation in the ratio of Protoalveolata and Dinoflagellata depending on station. However, an increase in haptophyte relative abundance was observed in the Southern Ocean. Similarly, the viral fraction was dominated by members of the order Caudovirales across all stations; however, a higher presence of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (mainly chloroviruses and mimiviruses) was observed in the Southern Ocean. To our knowledge, this is the first that a statistical difference in the microbiome (from viruses to protists) between the subtropical Indian and Southern Oceans. We also show that not all phylotypes can be found everywhere, and that meDNA is not a suitable resource for monitoring aquatic microbial diversity. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Flavia Flaviani Declan C. Schroeder Karen Lebret Cecilia Balestreri Andrea C. Highfield Joanna L. Schroeder Sally E. Thorpe Karen Moore Konrad Pasckiewicz Maya C. Pfaff Edward P. Rybicki |
author_facet |
Flavia Flaviani Declan C. Schroeder Karen Lebret Cecilia Balestreri Andrea C. Highfield Joanna L. Schroeder Sally E. Thorpe Karen Moore Konrad Pasckiewicz Maya C. Pfaff Edward P. Rybicki |
author_sort |
Flavia Flaviani |
title |
Distinct Oceanic Microbiomes From Viruses to Protists Located Near the Antarctic Circumpolar Current |
title_short |
Distinct Oceanic Microbiomes From Viruses to Protists Located Near the Antarctic Circumpolar Current |
title_full |
Distinct Oceanic Microbiomes From Viruses to Protists Located Near the Antarctic Circumpolar Current |
title_fullStr |
Distinct Oceanic Microbiomes From Viruses to Protists Located Near the Antarctic Circumpolar Current |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distinct Oceanic Microbiomes From Viruses to Protists Located Near the Antarctic Circumpolar Current |
title_sort |
distinct oceanic microbiomes from viruses to protists located near the antarctic circumpolar current |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01474 https://doaj.org/article/3071bca028624d40ab160b67019d9ea9 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Indian |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Indian |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 9 (2018) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01474/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01474 https://doaj.org/article/3071bca028624d40ab160b67019d9ea9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01474 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
9 |
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1766252215498964992 |