Evaluation of mammalian and intermediate host surveillance methods for detecting schistosomiasis reemergence in southwest China.
Schistosomiasis has reemerged in China, threatening schistosomiasis elimination efforts. Surveillance methods that can identify locations where schistosomiasis has reemerged are needed to prevent the further spread of infections.We tested humans, cows, water buffalo and the intermediate host snail,...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3052d87df39f4b6ca25c3b5cf7bfb714 2023-05-15T15:11:55+02:00 Evaluation of mammalian and intermediate host surveillance methods for detecting schistosomiasis reemergence in southwest China. Elizabeth J Carlton Michael N Bates Bo Zhong Edmund Y W Seto Robert C Spear 2011-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000987 https://doaj.org/article/3052d87df39f4b6ca25c3b5cf7bfb714 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3050915?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000987 https://doaj.org/article/3052d87df39f4b6ca25c3b5cf7bfb714 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 5, Iss 3, p e987 (2011) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000987 2022-12-30T22:56:55Z Schistosomiasis has reemerged in China, threatening schistosomiasis elimination efforts. Surveillance methods that can identify locations where schistosomiasis has reemerged are needed to prevent the further spread of infections.We tested humans, cows, water buffalo and the intermediate host snail, Oncomelania hupensis, for Schistosoma japonicum infection, assessed snail densities and extracted regional surveillance records in areas where schistosomiasis reemerged in Sichuan province. We then evaluated the ability of surveillance methods to identify villages where human infections were present. Human infections were detected in 35 of the 53 villages surveyed (infection prevalence: 0 to 43%), including 17 of 28 villages with no prior evidence of reemergence. Bovine infections were detected in 23 villages (infection prevalence: 0 to 65%) and snail infections in one village. Two common surveillance methods, acute schistosomiasis case reports and surveys for S. japonicum-infected snails, grossly underestimated the number of villages where human infections were present (sensitivity 1% and 3%, respectively). Screening bovines for S. japonicum and surveys for the presence of O. hupensis had modest sensitivity (59% and 69% respectively) and specificity (67% and 44%, respectively). Older adults and bovine owners were at elevated risk of infection. Testing only these high-risk human populations yielded sensitivities of 77% and 71%, respectively.Human and bovine schistosomiasis were widespread in regions where schistosomiasis had reemerged but acute schistosomiasis and S. japonicum-infected snails were rare and, therefore, poor surveillance targets. Until more efficient, sensitive surveillance strategies are developed, direct, targeted parasitological testing of high-risk human populations should be considered to monitor for schistosomiasis reemergence. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 5 3 e987 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Elizabeth J Carlton Michael N Bates Bo Zhong Edmund Y W Seto Robert C Spear Evaluation of mammalian and intermediate host surveillance methods for detecting schistosomiasis reemergence in southwest China. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Schistosomiasis has reemerged in China, threatening schistosomiasis elimination efforts. Surveillance methods that can identify locations where schistosomiasis has reemerged are needed to prevent the further spread of infections.We tested humans, cows, water buffalo and the intermediate host snail, Oncomelania hupensis, for Schistosoma japonicum infection, assessed snail densities and extracted regional surveillance records in areas where schistosomiasis reemerged in Sichuan province. We then evaluated the ability of surveillance methods to identify villages where human infections were present. Human infections were detected in 35 of the 53 villages surveyed (infection prevalence: 0 to 43%), including 17 of 28 villages with no prior evidence of reemergence. Bovine infections were detected in 23 villages (infection prevalence: 0 to 65%) and snail infections in one village. Two common surveillance methods, acute schistosomiasis case reports and surveys for S. japonicum-infected snails, grossly underestimated the number of villages where human infections were present (sensitivity 1% and 3%, respectively). Screening bovines for S. japonicum and surveys for the presence of O. hupensis had modest sensitivity (59% and 69% respectively) and specificity (67% and 44%, respectively). Older adults and bovine owners were at elevated risk of infection. Testing only these high-risk human populations yielded sensitivities of 77% and 71%, respectively.Human and bovine schistosomiasis were widespread in regions where schistosomiasis had reemerged but acute schistosomiasis and S. japonicum-infected snails were rare and, therefore, poor surveillance targets. Until more efficient, sensitive surveillance strategies are developed, direct, targeted parasitological testing of high-risk human populations should be considered to monitor for schistosomiasis reemergence. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Elizabeth J Carlton Michael N Bates Bo Zhong Edmund Y W Seto Robert C Spear |
author_facet |
Elizabeth J Carlton Michael N Bates Bo Zhong Edmund Y W Seto Robert C Spear |
author_sort |
Elizabeth J Carlton |
title |
Evaluation of mammalian and intermediate host surveillance methods for detecting schistosomiasis reemergence in southwest China. |
title_short |
Evaluation of mammalian and intermediate host surveillance methods for detecting schistosomiasis reemergence in southwest China. |
title_full |
Evaluation of mammalian and intermediate host surveillance methods for detecting schistosomiasis reemergence in southwest China. |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of mammalian and intermediate host surveillance methods for detecting schistosomiasis reemergence in southwest China. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of mammalian and intermediate host surveillance methods for detecting schistosomiasis reemergence in southwest China. |
title_sort |
evaluation of mammalian and intermediate host surveillance methods for detecting schistosomiasis reemergence in southwest china. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000987 https://doaj.org/article/3052d87df39f4b6ca25c3b5cf7bfb714 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 5, Iss 3, p e987 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3050915?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000987 https://doaj.org/article/3052d87df39f4b6ca25c3b5cf7bfb714 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000987 |
container_title |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
e987 |
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1766342688723959808 |