Molecular identification and transmission studies of X-cell parasites from Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (Gadiformes: Gadidae) and the northern black flounder Pseudopleuronectes obscurus (Pleuronectiformes: Pleuronectidae)
Abstract Background Epidermal pseudotumours from Hippoglossoides dubius and Acanthogobius flavimanus in Japan and gill lesions in Limanda limanda from the UK have been shown to be caused by phylogenetically related protozoan parasites, known collectively as X-cells. However, the phylogenetic positio...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:3012277a6be74797bd63c15b6febfe2c 2023-05-15T15:27:00+02:00 Molecular identification and transmission studies of X-cell parasites from Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (Gadiformes: Gadidae) and the northern black flounder Pseudopleuronectes obscurus (Pleuronectiformes: Pleuronectidae) Watanabe K Yoshimizu M Eydal M Freeman MA Shinn AP Miura K Ogawa K 2011-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-15 https://doaj.org/article/3012277a6be74797bd63c15b6febfe2c EN eng BMC http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/4/1/15 https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305 doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-15 1756-3305 https://doaj.org/article/3012277a6be74797bd63c15b6febfe2c Parasites & Vectors, Vol 4, Iss 1, p 15 (2011) Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-15 2022-12-31T01:43:37Z Abstract Background Epidermal pseudotumours from Hippoglossoides dubius and Acanthogobius flavimanus in Japan and gill lesions in Limanda limanda from the UK have been shown to be caused by phylogenetically related protozoan parasites, known collectively as X-cells. However, the phylogenetic position of the X-cell group is not well supported within any of the existing protozoan phyla and they are currently thought to be members of the Alveolata. Ultrastructural features of X-cells in fish pseudotumours are somewhat limited and no typical environmental stages, such as spores or flagellated cells, have been observed. The life cycles for these parasites have not been demonstrated and it remains unknown how transmission to a new host occurs. In the present study, pseudobranchial pseudotumours from Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua , in Iceland and epidermal pseudotumours from the northern black flounder, Pseudopleuronectes obscurus , in Japan were used in experimental transmission studies to establish whether direct transmission of the parasite is achievable. In addition, X-cells from Atlantic cod were sequenced to confirm whether they are phylogenetically related to other X-cells and epidermal pseudotumours from the northern black flounder were analysed to establish whether the same parasite is responsible for infecting different flatfish species in Japan. Results Phylogenetic analyses of small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequence data from Atlantic cod X-cells show that they are a related parasite that occupies a basal position to the clade containing other X-cell parasites. The X-cell parasite causing epidermal pseudotumours in P. obscurus is the same parasite that causes pseudotumours in H. dubius . Direct, fish to fish, transmission of the X-cell parasites used in this study, via oral feeding or injection, was not achieved. Non-amoeboid X-cells are contained within discrete sac-like structures that are loosely attached to epidermal pseudotumours in flatfish; these X-cells are able to tolerate exposure to ... Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua Iceland Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Parasites & Vectors 4 1 15 |
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Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Watanabe K Yoshimizu M Eydal M Freeman MA Shinn AP Miura K Ogawa K Molecular identification and transmission studies of X-cell parasites from Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (Gadiformes: Gadidae) and the northern black flounder Pseudopleuronectes obscurus (Pleuronectiformes: Pleuronectidae) |
topic_facet |
Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Epidermal pseudotumours from Hippoglossoides dubius and Acanthogobius flavimanus in Japan and gill lesions in Limanda limanda from the UK have been shown to be caused by phylogenetically related protozoan parasites, known collectively as X-cells. However, the phylogenetic position of the X-cell group is not well supported within any of the existing protozoan phyla and they are currently thought to be members of the Alveolata. Ultrastructural features of X-cells in fish pseudotumours are somewhat limited and no typical environmental stages, such as spores or flagellated cells, have been observed. The life cycles for these parasites have not been demonstrated and it remains unknown how transmission to a new host occurs. In the present study, pseudobranchial pseudotumours from Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua , in Iceland and epidermal pseudotumours from the northern black flounder, Pseudopleuronectes obscurus , in Japan were used in experimental transmission studies to establish whether direct transmission of the parasite is achievable. In addition, X-cells from Atlantic cod were sequenced to confirm whether they are phylogenetically related to other X-cells and epidermal pseudotumours from the northern black flounder were analysed to establish whether the same parasite is responsible for infecting different flatfish species in Japan. Results Phylogenetic analyses of small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequence data from Atlantic cod X-cells show that they are a related parasite that occupies a basal position to the clade containing other X-cell parasites. The X-cell parasite causing epidermal pseudotumours in P. obscurus is the same parasite that causes pseudotumours in H. dubius . Direct, fish to fish, transmission of the X-cell parasites used in this study, via oral feeding or injection, was not achieved. Non-amoeboid X-cells are contained within discrete sac-like structures that are loosely attached to epidermal pseudotumours in flatfish; these X-cells are able to tolerate exposure to ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Watanabe K Yoshimizu M Eydal M Freeman MA Shinn AP Miura K Ogawa K |
author_facet |
Watanabe K Yoshimizu M Eydal M Freeman MA Shinn AP Miura K Ogawa K |
author_sort |
Watanabe K |
title |
Molecular identification and transmission studies of X-cell parasites from Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (Gadiformes: Gadidae) and the northern black flounder Pseudopleuronectes obscurus (Pleuronectiformes: Pleuronectidae) |
title_short |
Molecular identification and transmission studies of X-cell parasites from Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (Gadiformes: Gadidae) and the northern black flounder Pseudopleuronectes obscurus (Pleuronectiformes: Pleuronectidae) |
title_full |
Molecular identification and transmission studies of X-cell parasites from Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (Gadiformes: Gadidae) and the northern black flounder Pseudopleuronectes obscurus (Pleuronectiformes: Pleuronectidae) |
title_fullStr |
Molecular identification and transmission studies of X-cell parasites from Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (Gadiformes: Gadidae) and the northern black flounder Pseudopleuronectes obscurus (Pleuronectiformes: Pleuronectidae) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Molecular identification and transmission studies of X-cell parasites from Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (Gadiformes: Gadidae) and the northern black flounder Pseudopleuronectes obscurus (Pleuronectiformes: Pleuronectidae) |
title_sort |
molecular identification and transmission studies of x-cell parasites from atlantic cod gadus morhua (gadiformes: gadidae) and the northern black flounder pseudopleuronectes obscurus (pleuronectiformes: pleuronectidae) |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-15 https://doaj.org/article/3012277a6be74797bd63c15b6febfe2c |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua Iceland |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua Iceland |
op_source |
Parasites & Vectors, Vol 4, Iss 1, p 15 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/4/1/15 https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305 doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-15 1756-3305 https://doaj.org/article/3012277a6be74797bd63c15b6febfe2c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-15 |
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Parasites & Vectors |
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15 |
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