Can Ivermectin kill Sarcoptes scabiei during the molting process?
Background Sarcoptes scabiei is a permanent obligate ectoparasite that lives and reproduces in the epidermis of humans and other mammals worldwide. There is a lack of information on the molting process of Sarcoptes scabiei. Ivermectin is widely used to treat Sarcoptes infection in humans and animals...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2ffea41166b045a391c911c9d3ca52b9 2023-07-02T03:31:33+02:00 Can Ivermectin kill Sarcoptes scabiei during the molting process? Shenrui Feng Minmin Shi Zhijuan Yin Wenda Di Jacques Guillot Fang Fang 2023-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011337 https://doaj.org/article/2ffea41166b045a391c911c9d3ca52b9 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011337 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0011337 https://doaj.org/article/2ffea41166b045a391c911c9d3ca52b9 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 17, Iss 5, p e0011337 (2023) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011337 2023-06-11T00:37:56Z Background Sarcoptes scabiei is a permanent obligate ectoparasite that lives and reproduces in the epidermis of humans and other mammals worldwide. There is a lack of information on the molting process of Sarcoptes scabiei. Ivermectin is widely used to treat Sarcoptes infection in humans and animals, while the survival of molting Sarcoptes mites in the presence of ivermectin is unknown. The aim of the present study is to investigate the molting process of Sarcoptes mites and assess the activity of ivermectin during the molting process of Sarcoptes mites. Methodology/principal findings molting Sarcoptes mites were incubated at 35°C and 80% relative humidity and observed hourly until complete molt. Of the 192 molting mites recorded, the longest molt periods for larvae and nymphs were 23 and 30 h, respectively. The activity of ivermectin on molting Sarcoptes mites was also assessed using two concentrations of the drug (0.1 and 0.05 mg/ml). The exposure time for molting mites was determined by 100% mortality of female mites exposed to the solution of ivermectin. While all female mites were killed after exposure to 0.1 mg/ml ivermectin for 2 h and and 0.05 mg/ml for 7 h, 32% and 36% of molting mites survived and successfully molted, respectively. Conclusions/significance The present study demonstrated that molting Sarcoptes mites are less susceptible to ivermectin than active mites. As a consequence, mites may survive after two doses of ivermectin given 7 days apart due not only to hatching eggs but also to the resistance of mites during their molting process. Our results provide insight into the optimal therapeutic regimens for scabies and highlight the need for further research on the molting process of Sarcoptes mites. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17 5 e0011337 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Shenrui Feng Minmin Shi Zhijuan Yin Wenda Di Jacques Guillot Fang Fang Can Ivermectin kill Sarcoptes scabiei during the molting process? |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background Sarcoptes scabiei is a permanent obligate ectoparasite that lives and reproduces in the epidermis of humans and other mammals worldwide. There is a lack of information on the molting process of Sarcoptes scabiei. Ivermectin is widely used to treat Sarcoptes infection in humans and animals, while the survival of molting Sarcoptes mites in the presence of ivermectin is unknown. The aim of the present study is to investigate the molting process of Sarcoptes mites and assess the activity of ivermectin during the molting process of Sarcoptes mites. Methodology/principal findings molting Sarcoptes mites were incubated at 35°C and 80% relative humidity and observed hourly until complete molt. Of the 192 molting mites recorded, the longest molt periods for larvae and nymphs were 23 and 30 h, respectively. The activity of ivermectin on molting Sarcoptes mites was also assessed using two concentrations of the drug (0.1 and 0.05 mg/ml). The exposure time for molting mites was determined by 100% mortality of female mites exposed to the solution of ivermectin. While all female mites were killed after exposure to 0.1 mg/ml ivermectin for 2 h and and 0.05 mg/ml for 7 h, 32% and 36% of molting mites survived and successfully molted, respectively. Conclusions/significance The present study demonstrated that molting Sarcoptes mites are less susceptible to ivermectin than active mites. As a consequence, mites may survive after two doses of ivermectin given 7 days apart due not only to hatching eggs but also to the resistance of mites during their molting process. Our results provide insight into the optimal therapeutic regimens for scabies and highlight the need for further research on the molting process of Sarcoptes mites. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Shenrui Feng Minmin Shi Zhijuan Yin Wenda Di Jacques Guillot Fang Fang |
author_facet |
Shenrui Feng Minmin Shi Zhijuan Yin Wenda Di Jacques Guillot Fang Fang |
author_sort |
Shenrui Feng |
title |
Can Ivermectin kill Sarcoptes scabiei during the molting process? |
title_short |
Can Ivermectin kill Sarcoptes scabiei during the molting process? |
title_full |
Can Ivermectin kill Sarcoptes scabiei during the molting process? |
title_fullStr |
Can Ivermectin kill Sarcoptes scabiei during the molting process? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Can Ivermectin kill Sarcoptes scabiei during the molting process? |
title_sort |
can ivermectin kill sarcoptes scabiei during the molting process? |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011337 https://doaj.org/article/2ffea41166b045a391c911c9d3ca52b9 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 17, Iss 5, p e0011337 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011337 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0011337 https://doaj.org/article/2ffea41166b045a391c911c9d3ca52b9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011337 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
e0011337 |
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1770270916396187648 |