Two Streptococcus pyogenes emm types and several anaerobic bacterial species are associated with idiopathic cutaneous ulcers in children after community-based mass treatment with azithromycin.
Background In yaws-endemic areas, two-thirds of exudative cutaneous ulcers (CU) are associated with Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue (TP) and Haemophilus ducreyi (HD); one-third are classified as idiopathic ulcers (IU). A yaws eradication campaign on Lihir Island in Papua New Guinea utilizing mass...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2f3e62e4f9194a1a9be1431389e0ff00 2023-08-20T04:05:00+02:00 Two Streptococcus pyogenes emm types and several anaerobic bacterial species are associated with idiopathic cutaneous ulcers in children after community-based mass treatment with azithromycin. Brad Griesenauer Yue Xing Katherine R Fortney Xiang Gao Camila González-Beiras David E Nelson Jie Ren Oriol Mitjà Qunfeng Dong Stanley M Spinola 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011009 https://doaj.org/article/2f3e62e4f9194a1a9be1431389e0ff00 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011009 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0011009 https://doaj.org/article/2f3e62e4f9194a1a9be1431389e0ff00 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 16, Iss 12, p e0011009 (2022) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011009 2023-07-30T00:37:47Z Background In yaws-endemic areas, two-thirds of exudative cutaneous ulcers (CU) are associated with Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue (TP) and Haemophilus ducreyi (HD); one-third are classified as idiopathic ulcers (IU). A yaws eradication campaign on Lihir Island in Papua New Guinea utilizing mass drug administration (MDA) of azithromycin initially reduced but failed to eradicate yaws; IU rates remained constant throughout the study. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we previously determined that Streptococcus pyogenes was associated with some cases of IU. Here, we applied shotgun metagenomics to the same samples we analyzed previously by 16S rRNA sequencing to verify this result, identify additional IU-associated microorganisms, and determine why S. pyogenes-associated IU might have persisted after MDA of azithromycin. Methodology/principal findings We sequenced DNA extracted from 244 CU specimens separated into four groups based upon microorganism-specific PCR results (HD+, TP+, TP+HD+, and TP-HD- or IU). S. pyogenes was enriched in IU (24.71% relative abundance [RA]) specimens compared to other ulcer sub-groups, confirming our prior results. We bioinformatically identified the emm (M protein gene) types found in the S. pyogenes IU specimens and found matches to emm156 and emm166. Only ~39% of IU specimens contained detectable S. pyogenes, suggesting that additional organisms could be associated with IU. In the sub-set of S. pyogenes-negative IU specimens, Criibacterium bergeronii, a member of the Peptostreptococcaceae, and Fusobacterium necrophorum (7.07% versus 0.00% RA and 2.18% versus 0.00% RA, respectively), were enriched compared to the S. pyogenes-positive sub-set. Although a broad range of viruses were detected in the CU specimens, none were specifically associated with IU. Conclusions/significance Our observations confirm the association of S. pyogenes with IU in yaws-endemic areas, and suggest that additional anaerobic bacteria, but not other microorganisms, may be associated with this syndrome. Our ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16 12 e0011009 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Brad Griesenauer Yue Xing Katherine R Fortney Xiang Gao Camila González-Beiras David E Nelson Jie Ren Oriol Mitjà Qunfeng Dong Stanley M Spinola Two Streptococcus pyogenes emm types and several anaerobic bacterial species are associated with idiopathic cutaneous ulcers in children after community-based mass treatment with azithromycin. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background In yaws-endemic areas, two-thirds of exudative cutaneous ulcers (CU) are associated with Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue (TP) and Haemophilus ducreyi (HD); one-third are classified as idiopathic ulcers (IU). A yaws eradication campaign on Lihir Island in Papua New Guinea utilizing mass drug administration (MDA) of azithromycin initially reduced but failed to eradicate yaws; IU rates remained constant throughout the study. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we previously determined that Streptococcus pyogenes was associated with some cases of IU. Here, we applied shotgun metagenomics to the same samples we analyzed previously by 16S rRNA sequencing to verify this result, identify additional IU-associated microorganisms, and determine why S. pyogenes-associated IU might have persisted after MDA of azithromycin. Methodology/principal findings We sequenced DNA extracted from 244 CU specimens separated into four groups based upon microorganism-specific PCR results (HD+, TP+, TP+HD+, and TP-HD- or IU). S. pyogenes was enriched in IU (24.71% relative abundance [RA]) specimens compared to other ulcer sub-groups, confirming our prior results. We bioinformatically identified the emm (M protein gene) types found in the S. pyogenes IU specimens and found matches to emm156 and emm166. Only ~39% of IU specimens contained detectable S. pyogenes, suggesting that additional organisms could be associated with IU. In the sub-set of S. pyogenes-negative IU specimens, Criibacterium bergeronii, a member of the Peptostreptococcaceae, and Fusobacterium necrophorum (7.07% versus 0.00% RA and 2.18% versus 0.00% RA, respectively), were enriched compared to the S. pyogenes-positive sub-set. Although a broad range of viruses were detected in the CU specimens, none were specifically associated with IU. Conclusions/significance Our observations confirm the association of S. pyogenes with IU in yaws-endemic areas, and suggest that additional anaerobic bacteria, but not other microorganisms, may be associated with this syndrome. Our ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Brad Griesenauer Yue Xing Katherine R Fortney Xiang Gao Camila González-Beiras David E Nelson Jie Ren Oriol Mitjà Qunfeng Dong Stanley M Spinola |
author_facet |
Brad Griesenauer Yue Xing Katherine R Fortney Xiang Gao Camila González-Beiras David E Nelson Jie Ren Oriol Mitjà Qunfeng Dong Stanley M Spinola |
author_sort |
Brad Griesenauer |
title |
Two Streptococcus pyogenes emm types and several anaerobic bacterial species are associated with idiopathic cutaneous ulcers in children after community-based mass treatment with azithromycin. |
title_short |
Two Streptococcus pyogenes emm types and several anaerobic bacterial species are associated with idiopathic cutaneous ulcers in children after community-based mass treatment with azithromycin. |
title_full |
Two Streptococcus pyogenes emm types and several anaerobic bacterial species are associated with idiopathic cutaneous ulcers in children after community-based mass treatment with azithromycin. |
title_fullStr |
Two Streptococcus pyogenes emm types and several anaerobic bacterial species are associated with idiopathic cutaneous ulcers in children after community-based mass treatment with azithromycin. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Two Streptococcus pyogenes emm types and several anaerobic bacterial species are associated with idiopathic cutaneous ulcers in children after community-based mass treatment with azithromycin. |
title_sort |
two streptococcus pyogenes emm types and several anaerobic bacterial species are associated with idiopathic cutaneous ulcers in children after community-based mass treatment with azithromycin. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011009 https://doaj.org/article/2f3e62e4f9194a1a9be1431389e0ff00 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 16, Iss 12, p e0011009 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011009 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0011009 https://doaj.org/article/2f3e62e4f9194a1a9be1431389e0ff00 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011009 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
e0011009 |
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1774715427609378816 |