Evaluation of etorphine reversed by diprenorphine for the immobilisation of free-ranging Atlantic walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus L.)
To date no problem-free method exists for the immobilisation of free‑ranging walruses (Odobenus rosmarus). In the period 1989-2001, 69 immobilisations with etorphine HCl were performed by remote darting of 41 individual free-ranging adult Atlantic walruses (O. r. rosmarus), with body masses 633 ‑ 18...
Published in: | NAMMCO Scientific Publications |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Septentrio Academic Publishing
2014
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.7557/3.2944 https://doaj.org/article/2ee0df49e37345b3a788a8280c64c8b3 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2ee0df49e37345b3a788a8280c64c8b3 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2ee0df49e37345b3a788a8280c64c8b3 2023-05-15T17:52:24+02:00 Evaluation of etorphine reversed by diprenorphine for the immobilisation of free-ranging Atlantic walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus L.) Mario Acquarone Erik W Born David Griffiths Lars Øyvind Knutsen Øystein Wiig Ian Gjertz 2014-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.7557/3.2944 https://doaj.org/article/2ee0df49e37345b3a788a8280c64c8b3 EN eng Septentrio Academic Publishing https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/NAMMCOSP/article/view/2944 https://doaj.org/toc/1560-2206 https://doaj.org/toc/2309-2491 1560-2206 2309-2491 doi:10.7557/3.2944 https://doaj.org/article/2ee0df49e37345b3a788a8280c64c8b3 NAMMCO Scientific Publications, Vol 9, Iss 0, Pp 345-360 (2014) anaesthesia immobilisation immobilization Atlantic walrus Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus etorphine diprenorphine Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.7557/3.2944 2022-12-30T23:59:53Z To date no problem-free method exists for the immobilisation of free‑ranging walruses (Odobenus rosmarus). In the period 1989-2001, 69 immobilisations with etorphine HCl were performed by remote darting of 41 individual free-ranging adult Atlantic walruses (O. r. rosmarus), with body masses 633 ‑ 1883 kg, as a rerequisite for the attachment of radio tracking and dive recording instruments, and for studies of metabolism. Ten individuals were immobilised several times. We present data on these 69 immobilisations and evaluate the method. Full immobilisation was achieved in 58 cases (84 %). The animals were insufficiently restrained in 6 cases (9 %) and 5 animals died (7 %) following the immobilisation. The animals were fully immobilised and approachable after 5 min (n = 38, range = 1.9 ‑ 12.4 min, SD = 2.2) with a dose of etorphine of 6.1 μg/kg (range 2.4 ‑ 12.6 μg /kg, SD = 2.4). Induction time was negatively correlated with the dosage of etorphine. Etorphine-induced apnoea lasted 13.7 min (n = 36, range 17.0 ‑ 26.7 min, SD = 5.1) and was reversed by multiple doses of the antagonist diprenorphine HCl. The first dose of antagonist of 12.2 mg (n = 39, range 6.0 ‑ 21.0 mg, SD = 3.5) was administered 8.4 min (n = 38, range 4.7 ‑ 18.0 min, SD = 2.8) after injection of the agonist. The total dose of diprenorphine per animal ranged between 7.7 and 41.7 μg/kg (n = 31, mean = 17.2 μg/kg, SD = 7.5). For some animals blood pH values were measured following the apnoea and reached low levels (min pH 6.8). For animals that were immobilised several times there were no indications of changed sensitivity to etorphine as reflected in unchanged induction times. Mortalities could neither be related to the doses of agonist and antagonist, nor to the times of administration of the drugs. From this (n = 69) and other (n = 103) studies involving etorphine immobilisation of walruses (both Atlantic and Pacific) the overall success rate is 83 % (8 % casualty rate). We conclude that the combination etorphine‑ diprenorphine is suitable for ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Odobenus rosmarus walrus* Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific NAMMCO Scientific Publications 9 345 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
anaesthesia immobilisation immobilization Atlantic walrus Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus etorphine diprenorphine Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
anaesthesia immobilisation immobilization Atlantic walrus Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus etorphine diprenorphine Ecology QH540-549.5 Mario Acquarone Erik W Born David Griffiths Lars Øyvind Knutsen Øystein Wiig Ian Gjertz Evaluation of etorphine reversed by diprenorphine for the immobilisation of free-ranging Atlantic walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus L.) |
topic_facet |
anaesthesia immobilisation immobilization Atlantic walrus Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus etorphine diprenorphine Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
To date no problem-free method exists for the immobilisation of free‑ranging walruses (Odobenus rosmarus). In the period 1989-2001, 69 immobilisations with etorphine HCl were performed by remote darting of 41 individual free-ranging adult Atlantic walruses (O. r. rosmarus), with body masses 633 ‑ 1883 kg, as a rerequisite for the attachment of radio tracking and dive recording instruments, and for studies of metabolism. Ten individuals were immobilised several times. We present data on these 69 immobilisations and evaluate the method. Full immobilisation was achieved in 58 cases (84 %). The animals were insufficiently restrained in 6 cases (9 %) and 5 animals died (7 %) following the immobilisation. The animals were fully immobilised and approachable after 5 min (n = 38, range = 1.9 ‑ 12.4 min, SD = 2.2) with a dose of etorphine of 6.1 μg/kg (range 2.4 ‑ 12.6 μg /kg, SD = 2.4). Induction time was negatively correlated with the dosage of etorphine. Etorphine-induced apnoea lasted 13.7 min (n = 36, range 17.0 ‑ 26.7 min, SD = 5.1) and was reversed by multiple doses of the antagonist diprenorphine HCl. The first dose of antagonist of 12.2 mg (n = 39, range 6.0 ‑ 21.0 mg, SD = 3.5) was administered 8.4 min (n = 38, range 4.7 ‑ 18.0 min, SD = 2.8) after injection of the agonist. The total dose of diprenorphine per animal ranged between 7.7 and 41.7 μg/kg (n = 31, mean = 17.2 μg/kg, SD = 7.5). For some animals blood pH values were measured following the apnoea and reached low levels (min pH 6.8). For animals that were immobilised several times there were no indications of changed sensitivity to etorphine as reflected in unchanged induction times. Mortalities could neither be related to the doses of agonist and antagonist, nor to the times of administration of the drugs. From this (n = 69) and other (n = 103) studies involving etorphine immobilisation of walruses (both Atlantic and Pacific) the overall success rate is 83 % (8 % casualty rate). We conclude that the combination etorphine‑ diprenorphine is suitable for ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mario Acquarone Erik W Born David Griffiths Lars Øyvind Knutsen Øystein Wiig Ian Gjertz |
author_facet |
Mario Acquarone Erik W Born David Griffiths Lars Øyvind Knutsen Øystein Wiig Ian Gjertz |
author_sort |
Mario Acquarone |
title |
Evaluation of etorphine reversed by diprenorphine for the immobilisation of free-ranging Atlantic walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus L.) |
title_short |
Evaluation of etorphine reversed by diprenorphine for the immobilisation of free-ranging Atlantic walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus L.) |
title_full |
Evaluation of etorphine reversed by diprenorphine for the immobilisation of free-ranging Atlantic walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus L.) |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of etorphine reversed by diprenorphine for the immobilisation of free-ranging Atlantic walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus L.) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of etorphine reversed by diprenorphine for the immobilisation of free-ranging Atlantic walrus ( Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus L.) |
title_sort |
evaluation of etorphine reversed by diprenorphine for the immobilisation of free-ranging atlantic walrus ( odobenus rosmarus rosmarus l.) |
publisher |
Septentrio Academic Publishing |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.7557/3.2944 https://doaj.org/article/2ee0df49e37345b3a788a8280c64c8b3 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Odobenus rosmarus walrus* |
genre_facet |
Odobenus rosmarus walrus* |
op_source |
NAMMCO Scientific Publications, Vol 9, Iss 0, Pp 345-360 (2014) |
op_relation |
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/NAMMCOSP/article/view/2944 https://doaj.org/toc/1560-2206 https://doaj.org/toc/2309-2491 1560-2206 2309-2491 doi:10.7557/3.2944 https://doaj.org/article/2ee0df49e37345b3a788a8280c64c8b3 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7557/3.2944 |
container_title |
NAMMCO Scientific Publications |
container_volume |
9 |
container_start_page |
345 |
_version_ |
1766159816871378944 |