Genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae for better understanding of leprosy transmission in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil.
Leprosy is endemic in large part of Brazil with 28,761 new patients in 2015, the second largest number worldwide and reaches 9/10.000 in highly endemic regions and 2.7/10.000 in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Northeast Brazil. For better understanding of risk factors for leprosy transmission, we cond...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2eafa44acb2b4a52a877f0b3c4ffae1a 2023-05-15T15:17:42+02:00 Genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae for better understanding of leprosy transmission in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil. Amanda N B Fontes Luana N G C Lima Rosa M S Mota Rosa L F Almeida Maria A Pontes Heitor de S Gonçalves Cristiane C Frota Varalakshmi D Vissa Patrick J Brennan Ricardo J P S Guimaraes Carl Kendall Ligia R F S Kerr Philip N Suffys 2017-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006117 https://doaj.org/article/2eafa44acb2b4a52a877f0b3c4ffae1a EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5747459?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006117 https://doaj.org/article/2eafa44acb2b4a52a877f0b3c4ffae1a PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 12, p e0006117 (2017) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006117 2022-12-31T01:35:10Z Leprosy is endemic in large part of Brazil with 28,761 new patients in 2015, the second largest number worldwide and reaches 9/10.000 in highly endemic regions and 2.7/10.000 in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Northeast Brazil. For better understanding of risk factors for leprosy transmission, we conducted an epidemiologic study supplemented by 17 locus VNTR and SNP 1-4 typing of Mycobacterium leprae in skin biopsy samples from new multibacillary (MB) patients diagnosed at a reference center in 2009 and 2010. Among the 1,519 new patients detected during the study period, 998 (65.7%) were MB and we performed DNA extraction and genotyping on 160 skin biopsy samples, resulting in 159 (16%) good multilocus VNTR types. Thirty-eight of these patients also provided VNTR types from M. leprae in nasal swabs. The SNP-Type was obtained for 157 patients and 87% were of type 4. Upon consideration all VNTR markers, 156 different genotypes and three pairs with identical genotypes were observed; no epidemiologic relation could be observed between individuals in these pairs. Considerable variability in differentiating index (DI) was observed between the different markers and the four with highest DI [(AT)15, (TA)18, (AT)17 and (GAA)21] frequently demonstrated differences in copy number when comparing genotypes from both type of samples. Excluding these markers from analysis resulted in 83 genotypes, 20 of which included 96 of the patients (60.3%). These clusters were composed of two (n = 8), three (n = 6), four (n = 1), five (n = 2), six (n = 1), 19 (n = 1) and 23 (n = 23) individuals and suggests that recent transmission is contributing to the maintenance of leprosy in Fortaleza. When comparing epidemiological and clinical variables among patients within clustered or with unique M. leprae genotypes, a positive bacterial index in skin biopsies and knowledge of working with someone with the disease were significantly associated with clustering. A tendency to belong to a cluster was observed with later notification of disease (mean ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11 12 e0006117 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Amanda N B Fontes Luana N G C Lima Rosa M S Mota Rosa L F Almeida Maria A Pontes Heitor de S Gonçalves Cristiane C Frota Varalakshmi D Vissa Patrick J Brennan Ricardo J P S Guimaraes Carl Kendall Ligia R F S Kerr Philip N Suffys Genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae for better understanding of leprosy transmission in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Leprosy is endemic in large part of Brazil with 28,761 new patients in 2015, the second largest number worldwide and reaches 9/10.000 in highly endemic regions and 2.7/10.000 in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Northeast Brazil. For better understanding of risk factors for leprosy transmission, we conducted an epidemiologic study supplemented by 17 locus VNTR and SNP 1-4 typing of Mycobacterium leprae in skin biopsy samples from new multibacillary (MB) patients diagnosed at a reference center in 2009 and 2010. Among the 1,519 new patients detected during the study period, 998 (65.7%) were MB and we performed DNA extraction and genotyping on 160 skin biopsy samples, resulting in 159 (16%) good multilocus VNTR types. Thirty-eight of these patients also provided VNTR types from M. leprae in nasal swabs. The SNP-Type was obtained for 157 patients and 87% were of type 4. Upon consideration all VNTR markers, 156 different genotypes and three pairs with identical genotypes were observed; no epidemiologic relation could be observed between individuals in these pairs. Considerable variability in differentiating index (DI) was observed between the different markers and the four with highest DI [(AT)15, (TA)18, (AT)17 and (GAA)21] frequently demonstrated differences in copy number when comparing genotypes from both type of samples. Excluding these markers from analysis resulted in 83 genotypes, 20 of which included 96 of the patients (60.3%). These clusters were composed of two (n = 8), three (n = 6), four (n = 1), five (n = 2), six (n = 1), 19 (n = 1) and 23 (n = 23) individuals and suggests that recent transmission is contributing to the maintenance of leprosy in Fortaleza. When comparing epidemiological and clinical variables among patients within clustered or with unique M. leprae genotypes, a positive bacterial index in skin biopsies and knowledge of working with someone with the disease were significantly associated with clustering. A tendency to belong to a cluster was observed with later notification of disease (mean ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Amanda N B Fontes Luana N G C Lima Rosa M S Mota Rosa L F Almeida Maria A Pontes Heitor de S Gonçalves Cristiane C Frota Varalakshmi D Vissa Patrick J Brennan Ricardo J P S Guimaraes Carl Kendall Ligia R F S Kerr Philip N Suffys |
author_facet |
Amanda N B Fontes Luana N G C Lima Rosa M S Mota Rosa L F Almeida Maria A Pontes Heitor de S Gonçalves Cristiane C Frota Varalakshmi D Vissa Patrick J Brennan Ricardo J P S Guimaraes Carl Kendall Ligia R F S Kerr Philip N Suffys |
author_sort |
Amanda N B Fontes |
title |
Genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae for better understanding of leprosy transmission in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil. |
title_short |
Genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae for better understanding of leprosy transmission in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil. |
title_full |
Genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae for better understanding of leprosy transmission in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil. |
title_fullStr |
Genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae for better understanding of leprosy transmission in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae for better understanding of leprosy transmission in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil. |
title_sort |
genotyping of mycobacterium leprae for better understanding of leprosy transmission in fortaleza, northeastern brazil. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006117 https://doaj.org/article/2eafa44acb2b4a52a877f0b3c4ffae1a |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 12, p e0006117 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5747459?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006117 https://doaj.org/article/2eafa44acb2b4a52a877f0b3c4ffae1a |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006117 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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12 |
container_start_page |
e0006117 |
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