An efficient surface energy–mass balance model for snow and ice
A comprehensive understanding of the state and dynamics of the land cryosphere and associated sea level rise is not possible without taking into consideration the intrinsic timescales of the continental ice sheets. At the same time, the ice sheet mass balance is the result of seasonal variations in...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2e71a95b73e64764ae612d745438cb94 2023-05-15T16:28:07+02:00 An efficient surface energy–mass balance model for snow and ice A. Born M. A. Imhof T. F. Stocker 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1529-2019 https://doaj.org/article/2e71a95b73e64764ae612d745438cb94 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.the-cryosphere.net/13/1529/2019/tc-13-1529-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-13-1529-2019 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/2e71a95b73e64764ae612d745438cb94 The Cryosphere, Vol 13, Pp 1529-1546 (2019) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1529-2019 2022-12-31T13:21:30Z A comprehensive understanding of the state and dynamics of the land cryosphere and associated sea level rise is not possible without taking into consideration the intrinsic timescales of the continental ice sheets. At the same time, the ice sheet mass balance is the result of seasonal variations in the meteorological conditions. Simulations of the coupled climate–ice-sheet system thus face the dilemma of skillfully resolving short-lived phenomena, while also being computationally fast enough to run over tens of thousands of years. As a possible solution, we present the BEr ge n Snow SImulator (BESSI), a surface energy and mass balance model that achieves computational efficiency while simulating all surface and internal fluxes of heat and mass explicitly, based on physical first principles. In its current configuration it covers most land areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Input data are daily values of surface air temperature, total precipitation, and shortwave radiation. The model is calibrated using present-day observations of Greenland firn temperature, cumulative Greenland mass changes, and monthly snow extent over the entire domain. The results of the calibrated simulations are then discussed. Finally, as a first application of the model and to illustrate its numerical efficiency, we present the results of a large ensemble of simulations to assess the model's sensitivity to variations in temperature and precipitation. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Ice Sheet The Cryosphere Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Greenland The Cryosphere 13 5 1529 1546 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 A. Born M. A. Imhof T. F. Stocker An efficient surface energy–mass balance model for snow and ice |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
A comprehensive understanding of the state and dynamics of the land cryosphere and associated sea level rise is not possible without taking into consideration the intrinsic timescales of the continental ice sheets. At the same time, the ice sheet mass balance is the result of seasonal variations in the meteorological conditions. Simulations of the coupled climate–ice-sheet system thus face the dilemma of skillfully resolving short-lived phenomena, while also being computationally fast enough to run over tens of thousands of years. As a possible solution, we present the BEr ge n Snow SImulator (BESSI), a surface energy and mass balance model that achieves computational efficiency while simulating all surface and internal fluxes of heat and mass explicitly, based on physical first principles. In its current configuration it covers most land areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Input data are daily values of surface air temperature, total precipitation, and shortwave radiation. The model is calibrated using present-day observations of Greenland firn temperature, cumulative Greenland mass changes, and monthly snow extent over the entire domain. The results of the calibrated simulations are then discussed. Finally, as a first application of the model and to illustrate its numerical efficiency, we present the results of a large ensemble of simulations to assess the model's sensitivity to variations in temperature and precipitation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
A. Born M. A. Imhof T. F. Stocker |
author_facet |
A. Born M. A. Imhof T. F. Stocker |
author_sort |
A. Born |
title |
An efficient surface energy–mass balance model for snow and ice |
title_short |
An efficient surface energy–mass balance model for snow and ice |
title_full |
An efficient surface energy–mass balance model for snow and ice |
title_fullStr |
An efficient surface energy–mass balance model for snow and ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
An efficient surface energy–mass balance model for snow and ice |
title_sort |
efficient surface energy–mass balance model for snow and ice |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1529-2019 https://doaj.org/article/2e71a95b73e64764ae612d745438cb94 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland Ice Sheet The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Greenland Ice Sheet The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 13, Pp 1529-1546 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.the-cryosphere.net/13/1529/2019/tc-13-1529-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-13-1529-2019 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/2e71a95b73e64764ae612d745438cb94 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-1529-2019 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1529 |
op_container_end_page |
1546 |
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1766017738068721664 |