Variation in CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous Arctic tundra in northeastern Siberia
Arctic tundra is facing unprecedented warming, resulting in shifts in the vegetation, thaw regimes, and potentially in the ecosystem–atmosphere exchange of carbon (C). However, the estimates of regional carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) budgets are highly uncertain. We measured CO 2 and CH...
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Copernicus Publications
2022
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022 https://doaj.org/article/2e4ff3a357864eb7a561546cc572eb12 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2e4ff3a357864eb7a561546cc572eb12 2023-05-15T15:03:52+02:00 Variation in CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous Arctic tundra in northeastern Siberia S. Juutinen M. Aurela J.-P. Tuovinen V. Ivakhov M. Linkosalmi A. Räsänen T. Virtanen J. Mikola J. Nyman E. Vähä M. Loskutova A. Makshtas T. Laurila 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022 https://doaj.org/article/2e4ff3a357864eb7a561546cc572eb12 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/19/3151/2022/bg-19-3151-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/2e4ff3a357864eb7a561546cc572eb12 Biogeosciences, Vol 19, Pp 3151-3167 (2022) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022 2022-12-31T02:02:00Z Arctic tundra is facing unprecedented warming, resulting in shifts in the vegetation, thaw regimes, and potentially in the ecosystem–atmosphere exchange of carbon (C). However, the estimates of regional carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) budgets are highly uncertain. We measured CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes, vegetation composition and leaf area index (LAI), thaw depth, and soil wetness in Tiksi (71 ∘ N, 128 ∘ E), a heterogeneous site located within the prostrate dwarf-shrub tundra zone in northeastern Siberia. Using the closed chamber method, we determined the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO 2 , ecosystem respiration in the dark (ER), ecosystem gross photosynthesis (Pg), and CH 4 flux during the growing season. We applied a previously developed high-spatial-resolution land cover map over an area of 35.8 km 2 for spatial extrapolation. Among the land cover types varying from barren to dwarf-shrub tundra and tundra wetlands, the NEE and Pg at the photosynthetically active photon flux density of 800 µ mol m −2 h −1 (NEE 800 and Pg 800 ) were greatest in the graminoid-dominated habitats, i.e., streamside meadow and fens, with NEE 800 and Pg 800 of up to − 21 (uptake) and 28 mmol m −2 h −1 , respectively. Vascular LAI was a robust predictor of both NEE 800 and Pg 800 and, on a landscape scale, the fens were disproportionately important for the summertime CO 2 sequestration. Dry tundra, including the dwarf-shrub and lichen tundra, had smaller CO 2 exchange rates. The fens were the largest source of CH 4 , while the dry mineral soil tundra consumed atmospheric CH 4 , which on a landscape scale amounted to − 9 % of the total CH 4 balance during the growing season. The largest seasonal mean CH 4 consumption rate of 0.02 mmol m −2 h −1 occurred in sand- and stone-covered barren areas. The high consumption rate agrees with the estimate based on the eddy covariance measurements at the same site. We acknowledge the uncertainty involved in spatial extrapolations due to a small number of replicates per land cover type. This ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Tiksi Tundra Siberia Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Tiksi ENVELOPE(128.867,128.867,71.633,71.633) Biogeosciences 19 13 3151 3167 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 S. Juutinen M. Aurela J.-P. Tuovinen V. Ivakhov M. Linkosalmi A. Räsänen T. Virtanen J. Mikola J. Nyman E. Vähä M. Loskutova A. Makshtas T. Laurila Variation in CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous Arctic tundra in northeastern Siberia |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Arctic tundra is facing unprecedented warming, resulting in shifts in the vegetation, thaw regimes, and potentially in the ecosystem–atmosphere exchange of carbon (C). However, the estimates of regional carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) budgets are highly uncertain. We measured CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes, vegetation composition and leaf area index (LAI), thaw depth, and soil wetness in Tiksi (71 ∘ N, 128 ∘ E), a heterogeneous site located within the prostrate dwarf-shrub tundra zone in northeastern Siberia. Using the closed chamber method, we determined the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO 2 , ecosystem respiration in the dark (ER), ecosystem gross photosynthesis (Pg), and CH 4 flux during the growing season. We applied a previously developed high-spatial-resolution land cover map over an area of 35.8 km 2 for spatial extrapolation. Among the land cover types varying from barren to dwarf-shrub tundra and tundra wetlands, the NEE and Pg at the photosynthetically active photon flux density of 800 µ mol m −2 h −1 (NEE 800 and Pg 800 ) were greatest in the graminoid-dominated habitats, i.e., streamside meadow and fens, with NEE 800 and Pg 800 of up to − 21 (uptake) and 28 mmol m −2 h −1 , respectively. Vascular LAI was a robust predictor of both NEE 800 and Pg 800 and, on a landscape scale, the fens were disproportionately important for the summertime CO 2 sequestration. Dry tundra, including the dwarf-shrub and lichen tundra, had smaller CO 2 exchange rates. The fens were the largest source of CH 4 , while the dry mineral soil tundra consumed atmospheric CH 4 , which on a landscape scale amounted to − 9 % of the total CH 4 balance during the growing season. The largest seasonal mean CH 4 consumption rate of 0.02 mmol m −2 h −1 occurred in sand- and stone-covered barren areas. The high consumption rate agrees with the estimate based on the eddy covariance measurements at the same site. We acknowledge the uncertainty involved in spatial extrapolations due to a small number of replicates per land cover type. This ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
S. Juutinen M. Aurela J.-P. Tuovinen V. Ivakhov M. Linkosalmi A. Räsänen T. Virtanen J. Mikola J. Nyman E. Vähä M. Loskutova A. Makshtas T. Laurila |
author_facet |
S. Juutinen M. Aurela J.-P. Tuovinen V. Ivakhov M. Linkosalmi A. Räsänen T. Virtanen J. Mikola J. Nyman E. Vähä M. Loskutova A. Makshtas T. Laurila |
author_sort |
S. Juutinen |
title |
Variation in CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous Arctic tundra in northeastern Siberia |
title_short |
Variation in CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous Arctic tundra in northeastern Siberia |
title_full |
Variation in CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous Arctic tundra in northeastern Siberia |
title_fullStr |
Variation in CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous Arctic tundra in northeastern Siberia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variation in CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous Arctic tundra in northeastern Siberia |
title_sort |
variation in co 2 and ch 4 fluxes among land cover types in heterogeneous arctic tundra in northeastern siberia |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022 https://doaj.org/article/2e4ff3a357864eb7a561546cc572eb12 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(128.867,128.867,71.633,71.633) |
geographic |
Arctic Tiksi |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Tiksi |
genre |
Arctic Tiksi Tundra Siberia |
genre_facet |
Arctic Tiksi Tundra Siberia |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 19, Pp 3151-3167 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/19/3151/2022/bg-19-3151-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/2e4ff3a357864eb7a561546cc572eb12 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3151-2022 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
13 |
container_start_page |
3151 |
op_container_end_page |
3167 |
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1766335708399665152 |