Экологическая безопасность в условиях радиационних аварий. Анализ и оценка аварийных ситуаций на радиационно опасных объектах

• Published in: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT
• Main Authors: S. V. Kosyrev, I. A. Matysik, I. V. Svitnev
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Vilnius Gediminas Technical University 2005
• Subjects: radiologically dangerous objects; accident; indoor and outdoor radiation; nuclear and radiological safety; Environmental engineering; TA170-171; Kad’; Archangelsk
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2005.9636864; https://doaj.org/article/2e268e9df9f04f588b7a05dea47334fc

Ecological safety during radiological accidents. Analysis and evaluation of emergency situations at radiologically dangerous objects The risk of radiological accidents at dangerous objects is minimal when with the help of technical and organizational means it is guaranteed that indoor and outdoor radiation doses are not exceeded. Also, it is necessary to ensure that the quantity of radiological products in the environment doesn't exceed allowed levels both at a normal exploitation of an object and during an accident. In regions with high radiological loads it is necessary to pay enough attention to the safety of dangerous objects in the situations of accidents. An example given in the paper on how to deal with accidents is based on a situation in the Archangelsk region. Analysis was implemented at 23 radiologically dangerous objects. The results of the analysis allowed to determine objects that are dangerous in an ecological sense. Relying on that, methodology of evaluating the situation in the region was created. The main thing is that evaluation of an ecological situation is judged relying on an emergency situation at a radiologically dangerous object. The first step of the methodology preparation is identification of particularly dangerous objects, and modeling of radiological load on an investigated area. The second step of the work is to review the second stage of the methodology which would be dedicated to the analysis and evaluation of emergency situations at radiologically dangerous objects. Aplinkos apsauga radiacinės avarijos atveju. Avarinių situacijų pavojinguose objektuose analizė ir įvertinimas Santrauka Avarijų pasekmių rizika radiacijos požiūriu pavojinguose objektuose mažiausia tuo atveju, kai techninėmis bei organizacinėmis priemonėmis yra užtikrinama, kad objekto personalo ir aplinkinių gyventojų vidinės ir išorinės apšvitos dozės nebūtų viršijamos. Taip pat būtina stebėti, kad eksploatuojant tokį objektą ir numatytais jo avarijų atvejais radioaktyviųjų medžiagų kiekis aplinkoje neviršytų ...