A long-term study of cloud residuals from low-level Arctic clouds
To constrain uncertainties in radiative forcings associated with aerosol–cloud interactions, improved understanding of Arctic cloud formation is required, yet long-term measurements of the relevant cloud and aerosol properties remain sparse. We present the first long-term study of cloud residuals, i...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2db06eb315b2451a849dab37db762734 2023-05-15T14:52:01+02:00 A long-term study of cloud residuals from low-level Arctic clouds L. Karlsson R. Krejci M. Koike K. Ebell P. Zieger 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8933-2021 https://doaj.org/article/2db06eb315b2451a849dab37db762734 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/8933/2021/acp-21-8933-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-21-8933-2021 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/2db06eb315b2451a849dab37db762734 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 21, Pp 8933-8959 (2021) Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8933-2021 2022-12-31T13:51:00Z To constrain uncertainties in radiative forcings associated with aerosol–cloud interactions, improved understanding of Arctic cloud formation is required, yet long-term measurements of the relevant cloud and aerosol properties remain sparse. We present the first long-term study of cloud residuals, i.e. particles that were involved in cloud formation and cloud processes, in Arctic low-level clouds measured at Zeppelin Observatory, Svalbard. To continuously sample cloud droplets and ice crystals and separate them from non-activated aerosol, a ground-based counter-flow virtual impactor inlet system (GCVI) was used. A detailed evaluation of the GCVI measurements, using concurrent cloud particle size distributions, meteorological parameters, and aerosol measurements, is presented for both warm and cold clouds, and the potential contribution of sampling artefacts is discussed in detail. We find an excellent agreement of the GCVI sampling efficiency of liquid clouds using two independent approaches. The 2-year data set of cloud residual size distributions and number concentrations reveals that the cloud residuals follow the typical seasonal cycle of Arctic aerosol, with a maximum concentration in spring and summer and a minimum concentration in the late autumn and winter months. We observed average activation diameters in the range of 58–78 nm for updraught velocities below 1 m s −1 . A cluster analysis also revealed cloud residual size distributions that were dominated by Aitken mode particles down to around 20–30 nm . During the winter months, some of these small particles may be the result of ice, snow, or ice crystal shattering artefacts in the GCVI inlet; however, cloud residuals down to 20 nm in size were also observed during conditions when artefacts are less likely. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Svalbard Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Svalbard Aitken ENVELOPE(-44.516,-44.516,-60.733,-60.733) Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21 11 8933 8959 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
spellingShingle |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 L. Karlsson R. Krejci M. Koike K. Ebell P. Zieger A long-term study of cloud residuals from low-level Arctic clouds |
topic_facet |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
description |
To constrain uncertainties in radiative forcings associated with aerosol–cloud interactions, improved understanding of Arctic cloud formation is required, yet long-term measurements of the relevant cloud and aerosol properties remain sparse. We present the first long-term study of cloud residuals, i.e. particles that were involved in cloud formation and cloud processes, in Arctic low-level clouds measured at Zeppelin Observatory, Svalbard. To continuously sample cloud droplets and ice crystals and separate them from non-activated aerosol, a ground-based counter-flow virtual impactor inlet system (GCVI) was used. A detailed evaluation of the GCVI measurements, using concurrent cloud particle size distributions, meteorological parameters, and aerosol measurements, is presented for both warm and cold clouds, and the potential contribution of sampling artefacts is discussed in detail. We find an excellent agreement of the GCVI sampling efficiency of liquid clouds using two independent approaches. The 2-year data set of cloud residual size distributions and number concentrations reveals that the cloud residuals follow the typical seasonal cycle of Arctic aerosol, with a maximum concentration in spring and summer and a minimum concentration in the late autumn and winter months. We observed average activation diameters in the range of 58–78 nm for updraught velocities below 1 m s −1 . A cluster analysis also revealed cloud residual size distributions that were dominated by Aitken mode particles down to around 20–30 nm . During the winter months, some of these small particles may be the result of ice, snow, or ice crystal shattering artefacts in the GCVI inlet; however, cloud residuals down to 20 nm in size were also observed during conditions when artefacts are less likely. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
L. Karlsson R. Krejci M. Koike K. Ebell P. Zieger |
author_facet |
L. Karlsson R. Krejci M. Koike K. Ebell P. Zieger |
author_sort |
L. Karlsson |
title |
A long-term study of cloud residuals from low-level Arctic clouds |
title_short |
A long-term study of cloud residuals from low-level Arctic clouds |
title_full |
A long-term study of cloud residuals from low-level Arctic clouds |
title_fullStr |
A long-term study of cloud residuals from low-level Arctic clouds |
title_full_unstemmed |
A long-term study of cloud residuals from low-level Arctic clouds |
title_sort |
long-term study of cloud residuals from low-level arctic clouds |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8933-2021 https://doaj.org/article/2db06eb315b2451a849dab37db762734 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-44.516,-44.516,-60.733,-60.733) |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard Aitken |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard Aitken |
genre |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
op_source |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 21, Pp 8933-8959 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/8933/2021/acp-21-8933-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-21-8933-2021 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/2db06eb315b2451a849dab37db762734 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8933-2021 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
21 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
8933 |
op_container_end_page |
8959 |
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1766323146490642432 |