Impacts of Multiple Stressors on a Benthic Foraminiferal Community: A Long-Term Experiment Assessing Response to Ocean Acidification, Hypoxia and Warming
Ocean chemistry is changing as a result of human activities. Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations are increasing, causing an increase in oceanic pCO2 that drives a decrease in oceanic pH, a process called ocean acidification (OA). Higher CO2 concentrations are also linked to rising global...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.643339 https://doaj.org/article/2d212141d7fd4c849af814d81af7bb14 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2d212141d7fd4c849af814d81af7bb14 2023-05-15T17:50:19+02:00 Impacts of Multiple Stressors on a Benthic Foraminiferal Community: A Long-Term Experiment Assessing Response to Ocean Acidification, Hypoxia and Warming Joan M. Bernhard Johannes C. Wit Victoria R. Starczak David J. Beaudoin William G. Phalen Daniel C. McCorkle 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.643339 https://doaj.org/article/2d212141d7fd4c849af814d81af7bb14 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.643339/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.643339 https://doaj.org/article/2d212141d7fd4c849af814d81af7bb14 Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) deoxygenation ocean acidification benthic communities benthic foraminifera climate change propagule bank Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.643339 2022-12-31T15:06:41Z Ocean chemistry is changing as a result of human activities. Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations are increasing, causing an increase in oceanic pCO2 that drives a decrease in oceanic pH, a process called ocean acidification (OA). Higher CO2 concentrations are also linked to rising global temperatures that can result in more stratified surface waters, reducing the exchange between surface and deep waters; this stronger stratification, along with nutrient pollution, contributes to an expansion of oxygen-depleted zones (so called hypoxia or deoxygenation). Determining the response of marine organisms to environmental changes is important for assessments of future ecosystem functioning. While many studies have assessed the impact of individual or paired stressors, fewer studies have assessed the combined impact of pCO2, O2, and temperature. A long-term experiment (∼10 months) with different treatments of these three stressors was conducted to determine their sole or combined impact on the abundance and survival of a benthic foraminiferal community collected from a continental-shelf site. Foraminifera are well suited to such study because of their small size, relatively rapid growth, varied mineralogies and physiologies. Inoculation materials were collected from a ∼77-m deep site south of Woods Hole, MA. Very fine sediments (<53 μm) were used as inoculum, to allow the entire community to respond. Thirty-eight morphologically identified taxa grew during the experiment. Multivariate statistical analysis indicates that hypoxia was the major driving factor distinguishing the yields, while warming was secondary. Species responses were not consistent, with different species being most abundant in different treatments. Some taxa grew in all of the triple-stressor samples. Results from the experiment suggest that foraminiferal species’ responses will vary considerably, with some being negatively impacted by predicted environmental changes, while other taxa will tolerate, and perhaps even benefit, from ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Frontiers in Marine Science 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
deoxygenation ocean acidification benthic communities benthic foraminifera climate change propagule bank Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
deoxygenation ocean acidification benthic communities benthic foraminifera climate change propagule bank Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Joan M. Bernhard Johannes C. Wit Victoria R. Starczak David J. Beaudoin William G. Phalen Daniel C. McCorkle Impacts of Multiple Stressors on a Benthic Foraminiferal Community: A Long-Term Experiment Assessing Response to Ocean Acidification, Hypoxia and Warming |
topic_facet |
deoxygenation ocean acidification benthic communities benthic foraminifera climate change propagule bank Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Ocean chemistry is changing as a result of human activities. Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations are increasing, causing an increase in oceanic pCO2 that drives a decrease in oceanic pH, a process called ocean acidification (OA). Higher CO2 concentrations are also linked to rising global temperatures that can result in more stratified surface waters, reducing the exchange between surface and deep waters; this stronger stratification, along with nutrient pollution, contributes to an expansion of oxygen-depleted zones (so called hypoxia or deoxygenation). Determining the response of marine organisms to environmental changes is important for assessments of future ecosystem functioning. While many studies have assessed the impact of individual or paired stressors, fewer studies have assessed the combined impact of pCO2, O2, and temperature. A long-term experiment (∼10 months) with different treatments of these three stressors was conducted to determine their sole or combined impact on the abundance and survival of a benthic foraminiferal community collected from a continental-shelf site. Foraminifera are well suited to such study because of their small size, relatively rapid growth, varied mineralogies and physiologies. Inoculation materials were collected from a ∼77-m deep site south of Woods Hole, MA. Very fine sediments (<53 μm) were used as inoculum, to allow the entire community to respond. Thirty-eight morphologically identified taxa grew during the experiment. Multivariate statistical analysis indicates that hypoxia was the major driving factor distinguishing the yields, while warming was secondary. Species responses were not consistent, with different species being most abundant in different treatments. Some taxa grew in all of the triple-stressor samples. Results from the experiment suggest that foraminiferal species’ responses will vary considerably, with some being negatively impacted by predicted environmental changes, while other taxa will tolerate, and perhaps even benefit, from ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Joan M. Bernhard Johannes C. Wit Victoria R. Starczak David J. Beaudoin William G. Phalen Daniel C. McCorkle |
author_facet |
Joan M. Bernhard Johannes C. Wit Victoria R. Starczak David J. Beaudoin William G. Phalen Daniel C. McCorkle |
author_sort |
Joan M. Bernhard |
title |
Impacts of Multiple Stressors on a Benthic Foraminiferal Community: A Long-Term Experiment Assessing Response to Ocean Acidification, Hypoxia and Warming |
title_short |
Impacts of Multiple Stressors on a Benthic Foraminiferal Community: A Long-Term Experiment Assessing Response to Ocean Acidification, Hypoxia and Warming |
title_full |
Impacts of Multiple Stressors on a Benthic Foraminiferal Community: A Long-Term Experiment Assessing Response to Ocean Acidification, Hypoxia and Warming |
title_fullStr |
Impacts of Multiple Stressors on a Benthic Foraminiferal Community: A Long-Term Experiment Assessing Response to Ocean Acidification, Hypoxia and Warming |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impacts of Multiple Stressors on a Benthic Foraminiferal Community: A Long-Term Experiment Assessing Response to Ocean Acidification, Hypoxia and Warming |
title_sort |
impacts of multiple stressors on a benthic foraminiferal community: a long-term experiment assessing response to ocean acidification, hypoxia and warming |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.643339 https://doaj.org/article/2d212141d7fd4c849af814d81af7bb14 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.643339/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.643339 https://doaj.org/article/2d212141d7fd4c849af814d81af7bb14 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.643339 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
8 |
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1766157028468719616 |