Schistosoma japonicum cathepsin B2 (SjCB2) facilitates parasite invasion through the skin.
Cercariae invasion of the human skin is the first step in schistosome infection. Proteases play key roles in this process. However, little is known about the related hydrolytic enzymes in Schistosoma japonicum. Here, we investigated the biochemical features, tissue distribution and biological roles...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2cab14757a6c4f2394324d30833cf474 2023-05-15T15:11:19+02:00 Schistosoma japonicum cathepsin B2 (SjCB2) facilitates parasite invasion through the skin. Bingkuan Zhu Fang Luo Yi Shen Wenbin Yang Chengsong Sun Jipeng Wang Jian Li Xiaojin Mo Bin Xu Xumin Zhang Yongdong Li Wei Hu 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008810 https://doaj.org/article/2cab14757a6c4f2394324d30833cf474 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008810 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008810 https://doaj.org/article/2cab14757a6c4f2394324d30833cf474 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 10, p e0008810 (2020) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008810 2022-12-31T10:07:30Z Cercariae invasion of the human skin is the first step in schistosome infection. Proteases play key roles in this process. However, little is known about the related hydrolytic enzymes in Schistosoma japonicum. Here, we investigated the biochemical features, tissue distribution and biological roles of a cathepsin B cysteine protease, SjCB2, in the invasion process of S. japonicum cercariae. Enzyme activity analysis revealed that recombinant SjCB2 is a typical cysteine protease with optimum temperature and pH for activity at 37°C and 4.0, respectively, and can be totally inhibited by the cysteine protease inhibitor E-64. Immunoblotting showed that both the zymogen (50 kDa) and mature enzyme (30.5 kDa) forms of SjCB2 are expressed in the cercariae. It was observed that SjCB2 localized predominantly in the acetabular glands and their ducts of cercariae, suggesting that the protease could be released during the invasion process. The protease degraded collagen, elastin, keratin, fibronectin, immunoglobulin (A, G and M) and complement C3, protein components of the dermis and immune system. In addition, proteomic analysis demonstrated that SjCB2 can degrade the human epidermis. Furthermore, it was showed that anti-rSjCB2 IgG significantly reduced (22.94%) the ability of the cercariae to invade the skin. The cysteine protease, SjCB2, located in the acetabular glands and their ducts of S. japonicum cercariae. We propose that SjCB2 facilitates skin invasion by degrading the major proteins of the epidermis and dermis. However, this cysteine protease may play additional roles in host-parasite interaction by degrading immunoglobins and complement protein. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14 10 e0008810 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Bingkuan Zhu Fang Luo Yi Shen Wenbin Yang Chengsong Sun Jipeng Wang Jian Li Xiaojin Mo Bin Xu Xumin Zhang Yongdong Li Wei Hu Schistosoma japonicum cathepsin B2 (SjCB2) facilitates parasite invasion through the skin. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Cercariae invasion of the human skin is the first step in schistosome infection. Proteases play key roles in this process. However, little is known about the related hydrolytic enzymes in Schistosoma japonicum. Here, we investigated the biochemical features, tissue distribution and biological roles of a cathepsin B cysteine protease, SjCB2, in the invasion process of S. japonicum cercariae. Enzyme activity analysis revealed that recombinant SjCB2 is a typical cysteine protease with optimum temperature and pH for activity at 37°C and 4.0, respectively, and can be totally inhibited by the cysteine protease inhibitor E-64. Immunoblotting showed that both the zymogen (50 kDa) and mature enzyme (30.5 kDa) forms of SjCB2 are expressed in the cercariae. It was observed that SjCB2 localized predominantly in the acetabular glands and their ducts of cercariae, suggesting that the protease could be released during the invasion process. The protease degraded collagen, elastin, keratin, fibronectin, immunoglobulin (A, G and M) and complement C3, protein components of the dermis and immune system. In addition, proteomic analysis demonstrated that SjCB2 can degrade the human epidermis. Furthermore, it was showed that anti-rSjCB2 IgG significantly reduced (22.94%) the ability of the cercariae to invade the skin. The cysteine protease, SjCB2, located in the acetabular glands and their ducts of S. japonicum cercariae. We propose that SjCB2 facilitates skin invasion by degrading the major proteins of the epidermis and dermis. However, this cysteine protease may play additional roles in host-parasite interaction by degrading immunoglobins and complement protein. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bingkuan Zhu Fang Luo Yi Shen Wenbin Yang Chengsong Sun Jipeng Wang Jian Li Xiaojin Mo Bin Xu Xumin Zhang Yongdong Li Wei Hu |
author_facet |
Bingkuan Zhu Fang Luo Yi Shen Wenbin Yang Chengsong Sun Jipeng Wang Jian Li Xiaojin Mo Bin Xu Xumin Zhang Yongdong Li Wei Hu |
author_sort |
Bingkuan Zhu |
title |
Schistosoma japonicum cathepsin B2 (SjCB2) facilitates parasite invasion through the skin. |
title_short |
Schistosoma japonicum cathepsin B2 (SjCB2) facilitates parasite invasion through the skin. |
title_full |
Schistosoma japonicum cathepsin B2 (SjCB2) facilitates parasite invasion through the skin. |
title_fullStr |
Schistosoma japonicum cathepsin B2 (SjCB2) facilitates parasite invasion through the skin. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Schistosoma japonicum cathepsin B2 (SjCB2) facilitates parasite invasion through the skin. |
title_sort |
schistosoma japonicum cathepsin b2 (sjcb2) facilitates parasite invasion through the skin. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008810 https://doaj.org/article/2cab14757a6c4f2394324d30833cf474 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 10, p e0008810 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008810 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008810 https://doaj.org/article/2cab14757a6c4f2394324d30833cf474 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008810 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
e0008810 |
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1766342190004436992 |