A New Method to Determine the Optimal Thin Layer Ionospheric Height and Its Application in the Polar Regions
The conversion between the line-of-sight slant total electron content (STEC) and the vertical total electron content (VTEC) depends on the mapping function (MF) under the widely used thin layer ionospheric model. The thin layer ionospheric height (TLIH) is an essential parameter of the MF, which aff...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2c8fbc2709424ccc90e5fdf8a27261a4 2023-05-15T14:01:44+02:00 A New Method to Determine the Optimal Thin Layer Ionospheric Height and Its Application in the Polar Regions Hu Jiang Shuanggen Jin Manuel Hernández-Pajares Hui Xi Jiachun An Zemin Wang Xueyong Xu Houxuan Yan 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132458 https://doaj.org/article/2c8fbc2709424ccc90e5fdf8a27261a4 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/13/2458 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs13132458 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/2c8fbc2709424ccc90e5fdf8a27261a4 Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 2458, p 2458 (2021) thin layer ionospheric height (TLIH) mapping function dG-TLIH technique global navigation satellite system (GNSS) height of maximum density of the F2 layer (hmF2) Science Q article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132458 2022-12-31T16:18:51Z The conversion between the line-of-sight slant total electron content (STEC) and the vertical total electron content (VTEC) depends on the mapping function (MF) under the widely used thin layer ionospheric model. The thin layer ionospheric height (TLIH) is an essential parameter of the MF, which affects the accuracy of the conversion between the STEC and VTEC. Due to the influence of temporal and spatial variations of the ionosphere, the optimal TLIH is not constant over the globe, particularly in the polar regions. In this paper, a new method for determining the optimal TLIH is proposed, which compares the mapping function values (MFVs) from the MF at different given TLIHs with the “truth” mapping values from the UQRG global ionospheric maps (GIMs) and the differential TEC (dSTEC) method, namely the dSTEC- and GIM-based thin layer ionospheric height (dG-TLIH) techniques. The optimal TLIH is determined using the dG-TLIH method based on GNSS data over the Antarctic and Arctic. Furthermore, we analyze the relationship between the optimal TLIH derived from the dG-TLIH method and the height of maximum density of the F2 layer (hmF2) based on COSMIC data in the polar regions. According to the dG-TLIH method, the optimal TLIH is mainly distributed between 370 and 500 km over the Arctic and between 400 and 500 km over the Antarctic in a solar cycle. In the Arctic, the correlation coefficient between the hmF2 and optimal TLIH is 0.7, and the deviation between them is 162 km. Meanwhile, in the Antarctic, the correlation coefficient is 0.60, with a phase lag of ~3 months, with the hmF2 leading the optimal TLIH, and the deviation between them is 177 km. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic Remote Sensing 13 13 2458 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
thin layer ionospheric height (TLIH) mapping function dG-TLIH technique global navigation satellite system (GNSS) height of maximum density of the F2 layer (hmF2) Science Q |
spellingShingle |
thin layer ionospheric height (TLIH) mapping function dG-TLIH technique global navigation satellite system (GNSS) height of maximum density of the F2 layer (hmF2) Science Q Hu Jiang Shuanggen Jin Manuel Hernández-Pajares Hui Xi Jiachun An Zemin Wang Xueyong Xu Houxuan Yan A New Method to Determine the Optimal Thin Layer Ionospheric Height and Its Application in the Polar Regions |
topic_facet |
thin layer ionospheric height (TLIH) mapping function dG-TLIH technique global navigation satellite system (GNSS) height of maximum density of the F2 layer (hmF2) Science Q |
description |
The conversion between the line-of-sight slant total electron content (STEC) and the vertical total electron content (VTEC) depends on the mapping function (MF) under the widely used thin layer ionospheric model. The thin layer ionospheric height (TLIH) is an essential parameter of the MF, which affects the accuracy of the conversion between the STEC and VTEC. Due to the influence of temporal and spatial variations of the ionosphere, the optimal TLIH is not constant over the globe, particularly in the polar regions. In this paper, a new method for determining the optimal TLIH is proposed, which compares the mapping function values (MFVs) from the MF at different given TLIHs with the “truth” mapping values from the UQRG global ionospheric maps (GIMs) and the differential TEC (dSTEC) method, namely the dSTEC- and GIM-based thin layer ionospheric height (dG-TLIH) techniques. The optimal TLIH is determined using the dG-TLIH method based on GNSS data over the Antarctic and Arctic. Furthermore, we analyze the relationship between the optimal TLIH derived from the dG-TLIH method and the height of maximum density of the F2 layer (hmF2) based on COSMIC data in the polar regions. According to the dG-TLIH method, the optimal TLIH is mainly distributed between 370 and 500 km over the Arctic and between 400 and 500 km over the Antarctic in a solar cycle. In the Arctic, the correlation coefficient between the hmF2 and optimal TLIH is 0.7, and the deviation between them is 162 km. Meanwhile, in the Antarctic, the correlation coefficient is 0.60, with a phase lag of ~3 months, with the hmF2 leading the optimal TLIH, and the deviation between them is 177 km. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hu Jiang Shuanggen Jin Manuel Hernández-Pajares Hui Xi Jiachun An Zemin Wang Xueyong Xu Houxuan Yan |
author_facet |
Hu Jiang Shuanggen Jin Manuel Hernández-Pajares Hui Xi Jiachun An Zemin Wang Xueyong Xu Houxuan Yan |
author_sort |
Hu Jiang |
title |
A New Method to Determine the Optimal Thin Layer Ionospheric Height and Its Application in the Polar Regions |
title_short |
A New Method to Determine the Optimal Thin Layer Ionospheric Height and Its Application in the Polar Regions |
title_full |
A New Method to Determine the Optimal Thin Layer Ionospheric Height and Its Application in the Polar Regions |
title_fullStr |
A New Method to Determine the Optimal Thin Layer Ionospheric Height and Its Application in the Polar Regions |
title_full_unstemmed |
A New Method to Determine the Optimal Thin Layer Ionospheric Height and Its Application in the Polar Regions |
title_sort |
new method to determine the optimal thin layer ionospheric height and its application in the polar regions |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132458 https://doaj.org/article/2c8fbc2709424ccc90e5fdf8a27261a4 |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic |
op_source |
Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 2458, p 2458 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/13/2458 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs13132458 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/2c8fbc2709424ccc90e5fdf8a27261a4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132458 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
13 |
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13 |
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2458 |
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