Neglected tropical diseases of the Middle East and North Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and opportunities for control.
The neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are highly endemic but patchily distributed among the 20 countries and almost 400 million people of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, and disproportionately affect an estimated 65 million people living on less than US$2 per day. Egypt has the larg...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2c6a9f8bfb6b4eeb9092ef4120a8924c 2023-05-15T15:12:46+02:00 Neglected tropical diseases of the Middle East and North Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and opportunities for control. Peter J Hotez Lorenzo Savioli Alan Fenwick 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001475 https://doaj.org/article/2c6a9f8bfb6b4eeb9092ef4120a8924c EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3289601?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001475 1935-2727 1935-2735 https://doaj.org/article/2c6a9f8bfb6b4eeb9092ef4120a8924c PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 6, Iss 2, p e1475 (2012) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2012 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001475 2022-12-31T01:48:49Z The neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are highly endemic but patchily distributed among the 20 countries and almost 400 million people of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, and disproportionately affect an estimated 65 million people living on less than US$2 per day. Egypt has the largest number of people living in poverty of any MENA nation, while Yemen has the highest prevalence of people living in poverty. These two nations stand out for having suffered the highest rates of many NTDs, including the soil-transmitted nematode infections, filarial infections, schistosomiasis, fascioliasis, leprosy, and trachoma, although they should be recognized for recent measures aimed at NTD control. Leishmaniasis, especially cutaneous leishmaniasis, is endemic in Syria, Iran, Iraq, Libya, Morocco, and elsewhere in the region. Both zoonotic (Leishmania major) and anthroponotic (Leishmania tropica) forms are endemic in MENA in rural arid regions and urban regions, respectively. Other endemic zoonotic NTDs include cystic echinococcosis, fascioliasis, and brucellosis. Dengue is endemic in Saudi Arabia, where Rift Valley fever and Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever have also emerged. Great strides have been made towards elimination of several endemic NTDs, including lymphatic filariasis in Egypt and Yemen; schistosomiasis in Iran, Morocco, and Oman; and trachoma in Morocco, Algeria, Iran, Libya, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and the United Arab Emirates. A particularly noteworthy achievement is the long battle waged against schistosomiasis in Egypt, where prevalence has been brought down by regular praziquantel treatment. Conflict and human and animal migrations are key social determinants in preventing the control or elimination of NTDs in the MENA, while local political will, strengthened international and intersectoral cooperative efforts for surveillance, mass drug administration, and vaccination are essential for elimination. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 6 2 e1475 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Peter J Hotez Lorenzo Savioli Alan Fenwick Neglected tropical diseases of the Middle East and North Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and opportunities for control. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
The neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are highly endemic but patchily distributed among the 20 countries and almost 400 million people of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, and disproportionately affect an estimated 65 million people living on less than US$2 per day. Egypt has the largest number of people living in poverty of any MENA nation, while Yemen has the highest prevalence of people living in poverty. These two nations stand out for having suffered the highest rates of many NTDs, including the soil-transmitted nematode infections, filarial infections, schistosomiasis, fascioliasis, leprosy, and trachoma, although they should be recognized for recent measures aimed at NTD control. Leishmaniasis, especially cutaneous leishmaniasis, is endemic in Syria, Iran, Iraq, Libya, Morocco, and elsewhere in the region. Both zoonotic (Leishmania major) and anthroponotic (Leishmania tropica) forms are endemic in MENA in rural arid regions and urban regions, respectively. Other endemic zoonotic NTDs include cystic echinococcosis, fascioliasis, and brucellosis. Dengue is endemic in Saudi Arabia, where Rift Valley fever and Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever have also emerged. Great strides have been made towards elimination of several endemic NTDs, including lymphatic filariasis in Egypt and Yemen; schistosomiasis in Iran, Morocco, and Oman; and trachoma in Morocco, Algeria, Iran, Libya, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and the United Arab Emirates. A particularly noteworthy achievement is the long battle waged against schistosomiasis in Egypt, where prevalence has been brought down by regular praziquantel treatment. Conflict and human and animal migrations are key social determinants in preventing the control or elimination of NTDs in the MENA, while local political will, strengthened international and intersectoral cooperative efforts for surveillance, mass drug administration, and vaccination are essential for elimination. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Peter J Hotez Lorenzo Savioli Alan Fenwick |
author_facet |
Peter J Hotez Lorenzo Savioli Alan Fenwick |
author_sort |
Peter J Hotez |
title |
Neglected tropical diseases of the Middle East and North Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and opportunities for control. |
title_short |
Neglected tropical diseases of the Middle East and North Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and opportunities for control. |
title_full |
Neglected tropical diseases of the Middle East and North Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and opportunities for control. |
title_fullStr |
Neglected tropical diseases of the Middle East and North Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and opportunities for control. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Neglected tropical diseases of the Middle East and North Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and opportunities for control. |
title_sort |
neglected tropical diseases of the middle east and north africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and opportunities for control. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001475 https://doaj.org/article/2c6a9f8bfb6b4eeb9092ef4120a8924c |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 6, Iss 2, p e1475 (2012) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3289601?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001475 1935-2727 1935-2735 https://doaj.org/article/2c6a9f8bfb6b4eeb9092ef4120a8924c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001475 |
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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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6 |
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2 |
container_start_page |
e1475 |
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