Prevalence and associated risk factors of Leishmania infection among immunocompetent hosts, a community-based study in Chiang Rai, Thailand.
Background Leishmaniasis is an emerging infectious disease reported in the north and south of Thailand of which patients with HIV/AIDS are a high risk group for acquiring the infection. A lack of information regarding prevalence, and the risk association of Leishmania infection among asymptomatic im...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2bdeb760f46a4f2482d8f141e7fa6356 2023-05-15T15:17:18+02:00 Prevalence and associated risk factors of Leishmania infection among immunocompetent hosts, a community-based study in Chiang Rai, Thailand. Pamornsri Sriwongpan Supalert Nedsuwan Jidapa Manomat Sakarn Charoensakulchai Kittiphat Lacharojana Jamnong Sankwan Natheeporn Kobpungton Taweesak Sriwongpun Saovanee Leelayoova Mathirut Mungthin Suradej Siripattanapipong Toon Ruang-Areerate Tawee Naaglor Theethach Eamchotchawalit Phunlerd Piyaraj 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009545 https://doaj.org/article/2bdeb760f46a4f2482d8f141e7fa6356 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009545 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009545 https://doaj.org/article/2bdeb760f46a4f2482d8f141e7fa6356 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 7, p e0009545 (2021) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009545 2022-12-31T11:56:32Z Background Leishmaniasis is an emerging infectious disease reported in the north and south of Thailand of which patients with HIV/AIDS are a high risk group for acquiring the infection. A lack of information regarding prevalence, and the risk association of Leishmania infection among asymptomatic immunocompetent hosts needs further investigation. Information on potential vectors and animal reservoirs in the affected areas is also important to control disease transmission. Methods An outbreak investigation and a cross-sectional study were conducted following one index case of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by L. martiniquensis in an immunocompetent male patient reported in August 2015, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. From September to November 2015, a total of 392 participants at two study areas who were related to the index case, 130 students at a semi-boarding vocational school and 262 hill tribe villagers in the patient's hometown, were recruited in this study. The nested internal transcribed spacer 1-PCR (ITS1-PCR) was performed to detect Leishmania DNA in buffy coat, and nucleotide sequencing was used to identify species. Antibody screening in plasma was performed using the Direct Agglutination Test (DAT), and associated risk factors were analyzed using a standardized questionnaire. Captured sandflies within the study areas were identified and detected for Leishmania DNA using nested ITS1-PCR. Moreover, the animal reservoirs in the study areas were also explored for Leishmania infection. Results Of 392 participants, 28 (7.1%) were positive for Leishmania infection of which 1 (4.8%) was L. martiniquensis, 12 (57.1%) were L. orientalis and 8 (38.1%) were Leishmania spp. Of 28, 15 (53.6%) were DAT positive. None showed any symptoms of CL or visceral leishmaniasis. Risk factors were associated with being female (adjusted odds ratio, AOR 2.52, 95%CI 1.01-6.26), increasing age (AOR 1.05, 95%CI 1.02-1.08), having an animal enclosure in a housing area (AOR 3.04, 95%CI 1.13-8.22), being exposed to termite mounds ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Chiang ENVELOPE(162.650,162.650,-77.967,-77.967) PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15 7 e0009545 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Pamornsri Sriwongpan Supalert Nedsuwan Jidapa Manomat Sakarn Charoensakulchai Kittiphat Lacharojana Jamnong Sankwan Natheeporn Kobpungton Taweesak Sriwongpun Saovanee Leelayoova Mathirut Mungthin Suradej Siripattanapipong Toon Ruang-Areerate Tawee Naaglor Theethach Eamchotchawalit Phunlerd Piyaraj Prevalence and associated risk factors of Leishmania infection among immunocompetent hosts, a community-based study in Chiang Rai, Thailand. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background Leishmaniasis is an emerging infectious disease reported in the north and south of Thailand of which patients with HIV/AIDS are a high risk group for acquiring the infection. A lack of information regarding prevalence, and the risk association of Leishmania infection among asymptomatic immunocompetent hosts needs further investigation. Information on potential vectors and animal reservoirs in the affected areas is also important to control disease transmission. Methods An outbreak investigation and a cross-sectional study were conducted following one index case of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by L. martiniquensis in an immunocompetent male patient reported in August 2015, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. From September to November 2015, a total of 392 participants at two study areas who were related to the index case, 130 students at a semi-boarding vocational school and 262 hill tribe villagers in the patient's hometown, were recruited in this study. The nested internal transcribed spacer 1-PCR (ITS1-PCR) was performed to detect Leishmania DNA in buffy coat, and nucleotide sequencing was used to identify species. Antibody screening in plasma was performed using the Direct Agglutination Test (DAT), and associated risk factors were analyzed using a standardized questionnaire. Captured sandflies within the study areas were identified and detected for Leishmania DNA using nested ITS1-PCR. Moreover, the animal reservoirs in the study areas were also explored for Leishmania infection. Results Of 392 participants, 28 (7.1%) were positive for Leishmania infection of which 1 (4.8%) was L. martiniquensis, 12 (57.1%) were L. orientalis and 8 (38.1%) were Leishmania spp. Of 28, 15 (53.6%) were DAT positive. None showed any symptoms of CL or visceral leishmaniasis. Risk factors were associated with being female (adjusted odds ratio, AOR 2.52, 95%CI 1.01-6.26), increasing age (AOR 1.05, 95%CI 1.02-1.08), having an animal enclosure in a housing area (AOR 3.04, 95%CI 1.13-8.22), being exposed to termite mounds ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Pamornsri Sriwongpan Supalert Nedsuwan Jidapa Manomat Sakarn Charoensakulchai Kittiphat Lacharojana Jamnong Sankwan Natheeporn Kobpungton Taweesak Sriwongpun Saovanee Leelayoova Mathirut Mungthin Suradej Siripattanapipong Toon Ruang-Areerate Tawee Naaglor Theethach Eamchotchawalit Phunlerd Piyaraj |
author_facet |
Pamornsri Sriwongpan Supalert Nedsuwan Jidapa Manomat Sakarn Charoensakulchai Kittiphat Lacharojana Jamnong Sankwan Natheeporn Kobpungton Taweesak Sriwongpun Saovanee Leelayoova Mathirut Mungthin Suradej Siripattanapipong Toon Ruang-Areerate Tawee Naaglor Theethach Eamchotchawalit Phunlerd Piyaraj |
author_sort |
Pamornsri Sriwongpan |
title |
Prevalence and associated risk factors of Leishmania infection among immunocompetent hosts, a community-based study in Chiang Rai, Thailand. |
title_short |
Prevalence and associated risk factors of Leishmania infection among immunocompetent hosts, a community-based study in Chiang Rai, Thailand. |
title_full |
Prevalence and associated risk factors of Leishmania infection among immunocompetent hosts, a community-based study in Chiang Rai, Thailand. |
title_fullStr |
Prevalence and associated risk factors of Leishmania infection among immunocompetent hosts, a community-based study in Chiang Rai, Thailand. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Prevalence and associated risk factors of Leishmania infection among immunocompetent hosts, a community-based study in Chiang Rai, Thailand. |
title_sort |
prevalence and associated risk factors of leishmania infection among immunocompetent hosts, a community-based study in chiang rai, thailand. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009545 https://doaj.org/article/2bdeb760f46a4f2482d8f141e7fa6356 |
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ENVELOPE(162.650,162.650,-77.967,-77.967) |
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Arctic Chiang |
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Arctic Chiang |
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Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 7, p e0009545 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009545 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009545 https://doaj.org/article/2bdeb760f46a4f2482d8f141e7fa6356 |
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009545 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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