Summertime calcium carbonate undersaturation in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean – how biological processes exacerbate the impact of ocean acidification
The Arctic Ocean accounts for only 4% of the global ocean area, but it contributes significantly to the global carbon cycle. Recent observations of seawater CO 2 -carbonate chemistry in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean, primarily in the Chukchi Sea, from 2009 to 2011 indicate that bottom wat...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2b25353100e1455fa26805dca348dfd2 2023-05-15T14:38:44+02:00 Summertime calcium carbonate undersaturation in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean – how biological processes exacerbate the impact of ocean acidification N. R. Bates M. I. Orchowska R. Garley J. T. Mathis 2013-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5281-2013 https://doaj.org/article/2b25353100e1455fa26805dca348dfd2 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.biogeosciences.net/10/5281/2013/bg-10-5281-2013.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-10-5281-2013 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/2b25353100e1455fa26805dca348dfd2 Biogeosciences, Vol 10, Iss 8, Pp 5281-5309 (2013) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5281-2013 2022-12-30T21:53:18Z The Arctic Ocean accounts for only 4% of the global ocean area, but it contributes significantly to the global carbon cycle. Recent observations of seawater CO 2 -carbonate chemistry in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean, primarily in the Chukchi Sea, from 2009 to 2011 indicate that bottom waters are seasonally undersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) minerals, particularly aragonite. Nearly 40% of sampled bottom waters on the shelf have saturation states less than one for aragonite (i.e., Ω aragonite < 1.0), thereby exposing the benthos to potentially corrosive water for CaCO 3 -secreting organisms, while 80% of bottom waters present had Ω aragonite values less than 1.5. Our observations indicate seasonal reduction of saturation states (Ω) for calcite (Ω calcite ) and aragonite (Ω aragonite ) in the subsurface in the western Arctic by as much as 0.8 and 0.5, respectively. Such data indicate that bottom waters of the western Arctic shelves were already potentially corrosive for biogenic and sedimentary CaCO 3 for several months each year. Seasonal changes in Ω are imparted by a variety of factors such as phytoplankton photosynthesis, respiration/remineralization of organic matter and air–sea gas exchange of CO 2 . Combined, these processes either increase or enhance in surface and subsurface waters, respectively. These seasonal physical and biological processes also act to mitigate or enhance the impact of Anthropocene ocean acidification (OA) on Ω in surface and subsurface waters, respectively. Future monitoring of the western Arctic shelves is warranted to assess the present and future impact of ocean acidification and seasonal physico-biogeochemical processes on Ω values and Arctic marine ecosystems. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Chukchi Chukchi Sea Ocean acidification Phytoplankton Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Chukchi Sea Biogeosciences 10 8 5281 5309 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 N. R. Bates M. I. Orchowska R. Garley J. T. Mathis Summertime calcium carbonate undersaturation in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean – how biological processes exacerbate the impact of ocean acidification |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
The Arctic Ocean accounts for only 4% of the global ocean area, but it contributes significantly to the global carbon cycle. Recent observations of seawater CO 2 -carbonate chemistry in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean, primarily in the Chukchi Sea, from 2009 to 2011 indicate that bottom waters are seasonally undersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) minerals, particularly aragonite. Nearly 40% of sampled bottom waters on the shelf have saturation states less than one for aragonite (i.e., Ω aragonite < 1.0), thereby exposing the benthos to potentially corrosive water for CaCO 3 -secreting organisms, while 80% of bottom waters present had Ω aragonite values less than 1.5. Our observations indicate seasonal reduction of saturation states (Ω) for calcite (Ω calcite ) and aragonite (Ω aragonite ) in the subsurface in the western Arctic by as much as 0.8 and 0.5, respectively. Such data indicate that bottom waters of the western Arctic shelves were already potentially corrosive for biogenic and sedimentary CaCO 3 for several months each year. Seasonal changes in Ω are imparted by a variety of factors such as phytoplankton photosynthesis, respiration/remineralization of organic matter and air–sea gas exchange of CO 2 . Combined, these processes either increase or enhance in surface and subsurface waters, respectively. These seasonal physical and biological processes also act to mitigate or enhance the impact of Anthropocene ocean acidification (OA) on Ω in surface and subsurface waters, respectively. Future monitoring of the western Arctic shelves is warranted to assess the present and future impact of ocean acidification and seasonal physico-biogeochemical processes on Ω values and Arctic marine ecosystems. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
N. R. Bates M. I. Orchowska R. Garley J. T. Mathis |
author_facet |
N. R. Bates M. I. Orchowska R. Garley J. T. Mathis |
author_sort |
N. R. Bates |
title |
Summertime calcium carbonate undersaturation in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean – how biological processes exacerbate the impact of ocean acidification |
title_short |
Summertime calcium carbonate undersaturation in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean – how biological processes exacerbate the impact of ocean acidification |
title_full |
Summertime calcium carbonate undersaturation in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean – how biological processes exacerbate the impact of ocean acidification |
title_fullStr |
Summertime calcium carbonate undersaturation in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean – how biological processes exacerbate the impact of ocean acidification |
title_full_unstemmed |
Summertime calcium carbonate undersaturation in shelf waters of the western Arctic Ocean – how biological processes exacerbate the impact of ocean acidification |
title_sort |
summertime calcium carbonate undersaturation in shelf waters of the western arctic ocean – how biological processes exacerbate the impact of ocean acidification |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5281-2013 https://doaj.org/article/2b25353100e1455fa26805dca348dfd2 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Chukchi Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Chukchi Sea |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Chukchi Chukchi Sea Ocean acidification Phytoplankton |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Chukchi Chukchi Sea Ocean acidification Phytoplankton |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 10, Iss 8, Pp 5281-5309 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://www.biogeosciences.net/10/5281/2013/bg-10-5281-2013.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-10-5281-2013 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/2b25353100e1455fa26805dca348dfd2 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5281-2013 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
5281 |
op_container_end_page |
5309 |
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1766310773465808896 |