A new vertically integrated MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) ice flow model
Numerical simulations of ice sheets rely on the momentum balance to determine how ice velocities change as the geometry of the system evolves. Ice is generally assumed to follow a Stokes flow with a nonlinear viscosity. Several approximations have been proposed in order to lower the computational co...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2ae358b0581040f1a9721efb9830c44f 2023-05-15T18:32:26+02:00 A new vertically integrated MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) ice flow model T. Dias dos Santos M. Morlighem D. Brinkerhoff 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-179-2022 https://doaj.org/article/2ae358b0581040f1a9721efb9830c44f EN eng Copernicus Publications https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/179/2022/tc-16-179-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-16-179-2022 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/2ae358b0581040f1a9721efb9830c44f The Cryosphere, Vol 16, Pp 179-195 (2022) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-179-2022 2022-12-31T08:09:40Z Numerical simulations of ice sheets rely on the momentum balance to determine how ice velocities change as the geometry of the system evolves. Ice is generally assumed to follow a Stokes flow with a nonlinear viscosity. Several approximations have been proposed in order to lower the computational cost of a full-Stokes stress balance. A popular option is the Blatter–Pattyn or higher-order model (HO), which consists of a three-dimensional set of equations that solves the horizontal velocities only. However, it still remains computationally expensive for long transient simulations. Here we present a depth-integrated formulation of the HO model, which can be solved on a two-dimensional mesh in the horizontal plane. We employ a specific polynomial function to describe the vertical variation in the velocity, which allows us to integrate the vertical dimension using a semi-analytic integration. We assess the performance of this MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) model to compute ice velocities and simulate grounding line dynamics on standard benchmarks (ISMIP-HOM and MISMIP3D). We compare MOLHO results to the ones obtained with the original three-dimensional HO model. We also compare the time performance of both models in time-dependent runs. Our results show that the ice velocities and grounding line positions obtained with MOLHO are in very good agreement with the ones from HO. In terms of computing time, MOLHO requires less than 10 % of the computational time of a typical HO model, for the same simulations. These results suggest that the MOno-Layer Higher-Order formulation provides improved computational time performance and a comparable accuracy compared to the HO formulation, which opens the door to higher-order paleo simulations. Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles The Cryosphere 16 1 179 195 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 T. Dias dos Santos M. Morlighem D. Brinkerhoff A new vertically integrated MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) ice flow model |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Numerical simulations of ice sheets rely on the momentum balance to determine how ice velocities change as the geometry of the system evolves. Ice is generally assumed to follow a Stokes flow with a nonlinear viscosity. Several approximations have been proposed in order to lower the computational cost of a full-Stokes stress balance. A popular option is the Blatter–Pattyn or higher-order model (HO), which consists of a three-dimensional set of equations that solves the horizontal velocities only. However, it still remains computationally expensive for long transient simulations. Here we present a depth-integrated formulation of the HO model, which can be solved on a two-dimensional mesh in the horizontal plane. We employ a specific polynomial function to describe the vertical variation in the velocity, which allows us to integrate the vertical dimension using a semi-analytic integration. We assess the performance of this MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) model to compute ice velocities and simulate grounding line dynamics on standard benchmarks (ISMIP-HOM and MISMIP3D). We compare MOLHO results to the ones obtained with the original three-dimensional HO model. We also compare the time performance of both models in time-dependent runs. Our results show that the ice velocities and grounding line positions obtained with MOLHO are in very good agreement with the ones from HO. In terms of computing time, MOLHO requires less than 10 % of the computational time of a typical HO model, for the same simulations. These results suggest that the MOno-Layer Higher-Order formulation provides improved computational time performance and a comparable accuracy compared to the HO formulation, which opens the door to higher-order paleo simulations. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
T. Dias dos Santos M. Morlighem D. Brinkerhoff |
author_facet |
T. Dias dos Santos M. Morlighem D. Brinkerhoff |
author_sort |
T. Dias dos Santos |
title |
A new vertically integrated MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) ice flow model |
title_short |
A new vertically integrated MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) ice flow model |
title_full |
A new vertically integrated MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) ice flow model |
title_fullStr |
A new vertically integrated MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) ice flow model |
title_full_unstemmed |
A new vertically integrated MOno-Layer Higher-Order (MOLHO) ice flow model |
title_sort |
new vertically integrated mono-layer higher-order (molho) ice flow model |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-179-2022 https://doaj.org/article/2ae358b0581040f1a9721efb9830c44f |
genre |
The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 16, Pp 179-195 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/179/2022/tc-16-179-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-16-179-2022 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/2ae358b0581040f1a9721efb9830c44f |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-179-2022 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
179 |
op_container_end_page |
195 |
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1766216553051717632 |