The relationship between sea ice bacterial community structure and biogeochemistry: A synthesis of current knowledge and known unknowns
Abstract Sea ice plays an important role in high latitude biogeochemical cycles, ecosystems, and climate. A complete understanding of how sea ice biogeochemistry contributes to these processes must take into account the metabolic functions of the sea ice bacterial community. While the roles of sea i...
Published in: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
---|---|
Main Author: | |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BioOne
2015
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000072 https://doaj.org/article/29602008bb1f41b09b7b74d3fb2470bd |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:29602008bb1f41b09b7b74d3fb2470bd |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:29602008bb1f41b09b7b74d3fb2470bd 2023-05-15T16:36:35+02:00 The relationship between sea ice bacterial community structure and biogeochemistry: A synthesis of current knowledge and known unknowns Jeff S. Bowman 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000072 https://doaj.org/article/29602008bb1f41b09b7b74d3fb2470bd EN eng BioOne http://elementascience.org/article/info:doi/10.12952/journal.elementa.000072 https://doaj.org/toc/2325-1026 2325-1026 doi:10.12952/journal.elementa.000072 https://doaj.org/article/29602008bb1f41b09b7b74d3fb2470bd Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene (2015) Sea ice bacteria sea ice biogeochemistry sea ice Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000072 2022-12-31T12:44:13Z Abstract Sea ice plays an important role in high latitude biogeochemical cycles, ecosystems, and climate. A complete understanding of how sea ice biogeochemistry contributes to these processes must take into account the metabolic functions of the sea ice bacterial community. While the roles of sea ice bacteria in the carbon cycle and sea ice microbial loop are evidenced by high rates of bacterial production (BP), their metabolic diversity extends far beyond heterotrophy, and their functionality encompasses much more than carbon turnover. Work over the last three decades has identified an active role for sea ice bacteria in phosphate and nitrogen cycling, mutualistic partnerships with ice algae, and even prokaryotic carbon fixation. To better understand the role of sea ice bacteria in the carbon cycle the existing sea ice BP and primary production data were synthesized. BP in sea ice was poorly correlated with primary production, but had a strong, variable relationship with chlorophyll a, with a positive correlation below 50 mg chlorophyll a m-3 and a negative correlation above this value. These results concur with previous work suggesting that BP can be inhibited by grazing or the production of bacteriostatic compounds. To extend existing observations and predictions of other community functions a metabolic inference technique was used on the available 16S rRNA gene data. This analysis provided taxonomic support for some observed metabolic processes, as well as underexplored processes such as sulfur oxidation and nitrogen fixation. The decreasing spatial and temporal extent of sea ice, and altered timing of ice formation and melt, are likely to impact the structure and function of sea ice bacterial communities. An adequate modeling framework and studies that can resolve the functional dynamics of the sea ice bacterial community, such as community gene expression studies, are urgently needed to predict future change. Article in Journal/Newspaper ice algae Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 3 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Sea ice bacteria sea ice biogeochemistry sea ice Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
Sea ice bacteria sea ice biogeochemistry sea ice Environmental sciences GE1-350 Jeff S. Bowman The relationship between sea ice bacterial community structure and biogeochemistry: A synthesis of current knowledge and known unknowns |
topic_facet |
Sea ice bacteria sea ice biogeochemistry sea ice Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
Abstract Sea ice plays an important role in high latitude biogeochemical cycles, ecosystems, and climate. A complete understanding of how sea ice biogeochemistry contributes to these processes must take into account the metabolic functions of the sea ice bacterial community. While the roles of sea ice bacteria in the carbon cycle and sea ice microbial loop are evidenced by high rates of bacterial production (BP), their metabolic diversity extends far beyond heterotrophy, and their functionality encompasses much more than carbon turnover. Work over the last three decades has identified an active role for sea ice bacteria in phosphate and nitrogen cycling, mutualistic partnerships with ice algae, and even prokaryotic carbon fixation. To better understand the role of sea ice bacteria in the carbon cycle the existing sea ice BP and primary production data were synthesized. BP in sea ice was poorly correlated with primary production, but had a strong, variable relationship with chlorophyll a, with a positive correlation below 50 mg chlorophyll a m-3 and a negative correlation above this value. These results concur with previous work suggesting that BP can be inhibited by grazing or the production of bacteriostatic compounds. To extend existing observations and predictions of other community functions a metabolic inference technique was used on the available 16S rRNA gene data. This analysis provided taxonomic support for some observed metabolic processes, as well as underexplored processes such as sulfur oxidation and nitrogen fixation. The decreasing spatial and temporal extent of sea ice, and altered timing of ice formation and melt, are likely to impact the structure and function of sea ice bacterial communities. An adequate modeling framework and studies that can resolve the functional dynamics of the sea ice bacterial community, such as community gene expression studies, are urgently needed to predict future change. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jeff S. Bowman |
author_facet |
Jeff S. Bowman |
author_sort |
Jeff S. Bowman |
title |
The relationship between sea ice bacterial community structure and biogeochemistry: A synthesis of current knowledge and known unknowns |
title_short |
The relationship between sea ice bacterial community structure and biogeochemistry: A synthesis of current knowledge and known unknowns |
title_full |
The relationship between sea ice bacterial community structure and biogeochemistry: A synthesis of current knowledge and known unknowns |
title_fullStr |
The relationship between sea ice bacterial community structure and biogeochemistry: A synthesis of current knowledge and known unknowns |
title_full_unstemmed |
The relationship between sea ice bacterial community structure and biogeochemistry: A synthesis of current knowledge and known unknowns |
title_sort |
relationship between sea ice bacterial community structure and biogeochemistry: a synthesis of current knowledge and known unknowns |
publisher |
BioOne |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000072 https://doaj.org/article/29602008bb1f41b09b7b74d3fb2470bd |
genre |
ice algae Sea ice |
genre_facet |
ice algae Sea ice |
op_source |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene (2015) |
op_relation |
http://elementascience.org/article/info:doi/10.12952/journal.elementa.000072 https://doaj.org/toc/2325-1026 2325-1026 doi:10.12952/journal.elementa.000072 https://doaj.org/article/29602008bb1f41b09b7b74d3fb2470bd |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000072 |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
3 |
_version_ |
1766026915112550400 |