Rabies in nonhuman primates and potential for transmission to humans: a literature review and examination of selected French national data.
BACKGROUND: The nonhuman primate (NHP)-related injuries in rabies-enzootic countries is a public health problem of increasing importance. The aims of this work are to collect data concerning rabies transmission from NHPs to humans; to collate medical practices regarding rabies postexposure prophylax...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:27816fe0b45f4415ae70ea4d5eaec9b0 2023-05-15T15:15:14+02:00 Rabies in nonhuman primates and potential for transmission to humans: a literature review and examination of selected French national data. Philippe Gautret Jesse Blanton Laurent Dacheux Florence Ribadeau-Dumas Philippe Brouqui Philippe Parola Douglas H Esposito Hervé Bourhy 2014-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002863 https://doaj.org/article/27816fe0b45f4415ae70ea4d5eaec9b0 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4022521?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002863 https://doaj.org/article/27816fe0b45f4415ae70ea4d5eaec9b0 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 5, p e2863 (2014) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002863 2022-12-31T13:05:02Z BACKGROUND: The nonhuman primate (NHP)-related injuries in rabies-enzootic countries is a public health problem of increasing importance. The aims of this work are to collect data concerning rabies transmission from NHPs to humans; to collate medical practices regarding rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in different countries, and to provide an evidence base to support the decision to apply rabies PEP in this context. METHODOLOGY: To retrieve information, we conducted a literature search from 1960 to January 2013. All reports of rabies in NHPs and rabies transmission to humans by infected NHPs were included. Also included were studies of travelers seeking care for rabies PEP in various settings. Data collected by the French National Reference Centre for Rabies concerning NHPs submitted for rabies diagnosis in France and human rabies exposure to NHPs in travelers returning to France were analyzed for the periods 1999-2012 and 1994-2011, respectively. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A total of 159 reports of rabies in NHPs have been retrieved from various sources in South America, Africa, and Asia, including 13 cases in animals imported to Europe and the US. 134 were laboratory confirmed cases. 25 cases of human rabies following NHP-related injuries were reported, including 20 from Brazil. Among more than 2000 international travelers from various settings, the proportion of injuries related to NHP exposures was about 31%. NHPs rank second, following dogs in most studies and first in studies conducted in travelers returning from Southeast Asia. In France, 15.6% of 1606 travelers seeking PEP for exposure to any animal were injured by monkeys. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Although less frequently reported in published literature than human rabies, confirmed rabies cases in NHPs occur. The occurrence of documented transmission of rabies from NHPs to human suggests that rabies PEP is indicated in patients injured by NHPs in rabies-enzootic countries. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8 5 e2863 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Philippe Gautret Jesse Blanton Laurent Dacheux Florence Ribadeau-Dumas Philippe Brouqui Philippe Parola Douglas H Esposito Hervé Bourhy Rabies in nonhuman primates and potential for transmission to humans: a literature review and examination of selected French national data. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND: The nonhuman primate (NHP)-related injuries in rabies-enzootic countries is a public health problem of increasing importance. The aims of this work are to collect data concerning rabies transmission from NHPs to humans; to collate medical practices regarding rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in different countries, and to provide an evidence base to support the decision to apply rabies PEP in this context. METHODOLOGY: To retrieve information, we conducted a literature search from 1960 to January 2013. All reports of rabies in NHPs and rabies transmission to humans by infected NHPs were included. Also included were studies of travelers seeking care for rabies PEP in various settings. Data collected by the French National Reference Centre for Rabies concerning NHPs submitted for rabies diagnosis in France and human rabies exposure to NHPs in travelers returning to France were analyzed for the periods 1999-2012 and 1994-2011, respectively. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A total of 159 reports of rabies in NHPs have been retrieved from various sources in South America, Africa, and Asia, including 13 cases in animals imported to Europe and the US. 134 were laboratory confirmed cases. 25 cases of human rabies following NHP-related injuries were reported, including 20 from Brazil. Among more than 2000 international travelers from various settings, the proportion of injuries related to NHP exposures was about 31%. NHPs rank second, following dogs in most studies and first in studies conducted in travelers returning from Southeast Asia. In France, 15.6% of 1606 travelers seeking PEP for exposure to any animal were injured by monkeys. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Although less frequently reported in published literature than human rabies, confirmed rabies cases in NHPs occur. The occurrence of documented transmission of rabies from NHPs to human suggests that rabies PEP is indicated in patients injured by NHPs in rabies-enzootic countries. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Philippe Gautret Jesse Blanton Laurent Dacheux Florence Ribadeau-Dumas Philippe Brouqui Philippe Parola Douglas H Esposito Hervé Bourhy |
author_facet |
Philippe Gautret Jesse Blanton Laurent Dacheux Florence Ribadeau-Dumas Philippe Brouqui Philippe Parola Douglas H Esposito Hervé Bourhy |
author_sort |
Philippe Gautret |
title |
Rabies in nonhuman primates and potential for transmission to humans: a literature review and examination of selected French national data. |
title_short |
Rabies in nonhuman primates and potential for transmission to humans: a literature review and examination of selected French national data. |
title_full |
Rabies in nonhuman primates and potential for transmission to humans: a literature review and examination of selected French national data. |
title_fullStr |
Rabies in nonhuman primates and potential for transmission to humans: a literature review and examination of selected French national data. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rabies in nonhuman primates and potential for transmission to humans: a literature review and examination of selected French national data. |
title_sort |
rabies in nonhuman primates and potential for transmission to humans: a literature review and examination of selected french national data. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002863 https://doaj.org/article/27816fe0b45f4415ae70ea4d5eaec9b0 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 5, p e2863 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4022521?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002863 https://doaj.org/article/27816fe0b45f4415ae70ea4d5eaec9b0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002863 |
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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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8 |
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5 |
container_start_page |
e2863 |
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