Tree species identity and composition shape the epiphytic lichen community of structurally simple boreal forests over vast areas.
Greatly simplified ecosystems are often neglected for biodiversity studies. However, these simplified systems dominate in many regions of the world, and a lack of understanding of what shapes species occurrence in these systems can have consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services at a massi...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:26c9f945dbf449d09c7b594db313c9f0 2023-05-15T16:12:14+02:00 Tree species identity and composition shape the epiphytic lichen community of structurally simple boreal forests over vast areas. Julian Klein Matthew Low Göran Thor Jörgen Sjögren Eva Lindberg Sönke Eggers 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257564 https://doaj.org/article/26c9f945dbf449d09c7b594db313c9f0 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257564 https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257564 https://doaj.org/article/26c9f945dbf449d09c7b594db313c9f0 PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257564 (2021) Medicine R Science Q article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257564 2022-12-31T15:17:37Z Greatly simplified ecosystems are often neglected for biodiversity studies. However, these simplified systems dominate in many regions of the world, and a lack of understanding of what shapes species occurrence in these systems can have consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services at a massive scale. In Fennoscandia, ~90% of the boreal forest (~21Mha) is structurally simplified with little knowledge of how forest structural elements shape the occurrence and diversity of for example epiphytic lichens in these managed forests. One form of structural simplification is the reduction of the number and frequency of different tree species. As many lichen species have host tree preferences, it is particularly likely that this simplification has a huge effect on the lichen community in managed forests. In a 40-70 years old boreal forest in Sweden, we therefore related the occurrence and richness of all observed epiphytic lichens to the host tree species and beta and gamma lichen diversity at the forest stand level to the stand's tree species composition and stem diameter. Picea abies hosted the highest lichen richness followed by Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur, Alnus glutinosa, Betula spp., and Populus tremula. However, P. tremula hosted twice as many uncommon species as any of the other tree species. Stand level beta and gamma diversity was twice as high on stands with four compared to one tree species, and was highest when either coniferous or deciduous trees made up 40-50% of the trees. The stem diameter was positively related to lichen richness at the tree and stand level, but negatively to beta diversity. For biodiversity, these findings imply that leaving a few trees of a different species during forest thinning is unlikely as effective as combining life-boat trees for endangered species with an even tree species mixture. Article in Journal/Newspaper Fennoscandia Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles PLOS ONE 16 9 e0257564 |
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topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
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Medicine R Science Q Julian Klein Matthew Low Göran Thor Jörgen Sjögren Eva Lindberg Sönke Eggers Tree species identity and composition shape the epiphytic lichen community of structurally simple boreal forests over vast areas. |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
Greatly simplified ecosystems are often neglected for biodiversity studies. However, these simplified systems dominate in many regions of the world, and a lack of understanding of what shapes species occurrence in these systems can have consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services at a massive scale. In Fennoscandia, ~90% of the boreal forest (~21Mha) is structurally simplified with little knowledge of how forest structural elements shape the occurrence and diversity of for example epiphytic lichens in these managed forests. One form of structural simplification is the reduction of the number and frequency of different tree species. As many lichen species have host tree preferences, it is particularly likely that this simplification has a huge effect on the lichen community in managed forests. In a 40-70 years old boreal forest in Sweden, we therefore related the occurrence and richness of all observed epiphytic lichens to the host tree species and beta and gamma lichen diversity at the forest stand level to the stand's tree species composition and stem diameter. Picea abies hosted the highest lichen richness followed by Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur, Alnus glutinosa, Betula spp., and Populus tremula. However, P. tremula hosted twice as many uncommon species as any of the other tree species. Stand level beta and gamma diversity was twice as high on stands with four compared to one tree species, and was highest when either coniferous or deciduous trees made up 40-50% of the trees. The stem diameter was positively related to lichen richness at the tree and stand level, but negatively to beta diversity. For biodiversity, these findings imply that leaving a few trees of a different species during forest thinning is unlikely as effective as combining life-boat trees for endangered species with an even tree species mixture. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Julian Klein Matthew Low Göran Thor Jörgen Sjögren Eva Lindberg Sönke Eggers |
author_facet |
Julian Klein Matthew Low Göran Thor Jörgen Sjögren Eva Lindberg Sönke Eggers |
author_sort |
Julian Klein |
title |
Tree species identity and composition shape the epiphytic lichen community of structurally simple boreal forests over vast areas. |
title_short |
Tree species identity and composition shape the epiphytic lichen community of structurally simple boreal forests over vast areas. |
title_full |
Tree species identity and composition shape the epiphytic lichen community of structurally simple boreal forests over vast areas. |
title_fullStr |
Tree species identity and composition shape the epiphytic lichen community of structurally simple boreal forests over vast areas. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tree species identity and composition shape the epiphytic lichen community of structurally simple boreal forests over vast areas. |
title_sort |
tree species identity and composition shape the epiphytic lichen community of structurally simple boreal forests over vast areas. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257564 https://doaj.org/article/26c9f945dbf449d09c7b594db313c9f0 |
genre |
Fennoscandia |
genre_facet |
Fennoscandia |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257564 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257564 https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257564 https://doaj.org/article/26c9f945dbf449d09c7b594db313c9f0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257564 |
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PLOS ONE |
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16 |
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9 |
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e0257564 |
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